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Printing Press
Printing Press began to revolutionize the production of material. Image Source:http://www.dreamstime.com/royalty-free-stock-photo-printing-press-image994985 -
First American Schools
The first American schools opened in the thirteen colonies. Image Source: http://www.dreamstime.com/stock-image-old-style-american-school-rural-small-town-image30229451 -
Harvard College
First institution of higher education established in the United States. Image Source:http://www.dreamstime.com/royalty-free-stock-images-harvard-university-image10197979 -
Teachers
No real skill sets required.
Taught utilizing the Monitorial System where students went out and passed on information that they acquired. Image Source: http://www.dreamstime.com/stock-photo-old-school-teachers-desk-image3873930 -
Blackboard and chalk
James Pillian invents the blackboard and chalk in order to facilitate a Geography course. Image Source: http://www.dreamstime.com/stock-photo-old-school-teachers-desk-image3873930 -
Mann Reforms
Introduced the concept of professional teachers and focused on training teachers. -
Age Grading
Students were assigned by age to various grades for progression. Image Source:http://www.dreamstime.com/stock-images-teacher-s-desk-3-image1496714 -
Colleges
Marked increase in the number of colleges. Image Source: http://www.dreamstime.com/royalty-free-stock-image-tiernan-fieldhouse-scripps-college-image8709226 -
Visual Instruction Movement
The implementation of media in the form of films, photos, and lantern slides in order to educate students. Image Source: http://www.dreamstime.com/royalty-free-stock-photography-old-vinatage-television-image10341457 -
Audiovisual Instruction
With advances in sound produced materials the field of education took a shift in the direction of audio productions. -
Association for Educational Communications and Technology
Merger of the three national associations for visual instruction resulting in the formation of AECT. Image Source:http://www.dreamstime.com/royalty-free-stock-photo-mind-your-money-seminar-image15136985 -
World War II
Revolutionized educational concepts by training massive amounts of solders through the utilization of training films and film strips. Image Source: http://www.dreamstime.com/stock-image-world-war-ii-image4141391 -
Instructional Television
Creation of educational television channels. Image Source: http://www.dreamstime.com/royalty-free-stock-photography-old-vinatage-television-image10341457 -
Programmed Instruction
Concept of presenting materials in small steps in order to increase learning. -
Behavioral Objectives
Bloom’s Taxonomy released by Benjamin Bloom in order to identify the various types of learning outcomes, and assessment materials. Image Source:http://www.dreamstime.com/stock-photo-english-irregular-verbs-list-verb-forms-image43572770 -
Shift in the identification of technology in education
Leaders began to consider Instructional technology as a process. -
Five Domains of Learning
Robert Giagne’ published a book identifying the domains of learning and steps for promoting learning. -
Continuous revision of the definition of instructional technology
Throughout this decade professional organizations continued to revisit the meaning or the application of Instructional technology. -
Computers
Computers introduced in school systems. Image Source: http://www.dreamstime.com/royalty-free-stock-images-old-computer-unit-monitor-white-background-image34329889 -
Increased computer utilization
Rapid advances in technology increased advantages in school systems. -
Social Media
Over half of the instructors in higher education began to utilize social media as an instructional mechanism. Image Source: http://www.dreamstime.com/stock-image-biggest-social-media-websites-editorial-use-bright-background-image29872041 -
Distance Learning
Enrollment in distance education courses on the rise. Image Source: http://www.dreamstime.com/royalty-free-stock-images-distance-education-image23429689 -
References:
Reiser, R.A., Dempsey, J.V. (2012). Trends and Issues in Instructional Design and Technology (3rd Edition). Boston , M.A.: Prentice-Hall, Inc. (2004). ETEC 540: Text Technologies: The Changing Spaces of Reading and Writing/ The Impact of the Printing Press. Retrieved from http://courses.educ.ubc.ca/etec540/Sept04/arthurp/researchtopic/index.htm History of education in the United States. (2014, August 17). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php
