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Jan 1, 1500
Martin Luther
Luther emphasized the necessity of stablishing schools to teach children to read. Luther translated the bible into German, marking the real beginning of teaching and learning in people's native language. -
Period: Jan 1, 1500 to
The Foundation
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John Amos Comenius
Comenius believed education should begin in the early years because, "a young plant can be planted, transplanted, pruned, and bent this way or that. When it has become a tree these processes are impossible." -
Period: to
From Naturalism to Kindergarten
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Friedrich Wilhelm Froebel
Froebel compared the child to a seed that is planted, germinates, brings forth a new shoot, and grows from a young, tender plant to a mature, fruit-producing one. -
Period: to
Fom a Garden of Children to the Children's House
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Maria Montessori and the Montessori Method
Montessori developed a system for educating young children that has greatly influenced early childhood education. At that time she said, "I differed from my colleagues in that I instinctively felt that metal deficiency was more of an educational than medical problem." -
Abraham Maslow and Self-Actualization Theory
Maslow developed a theory of self-actualization based on maximizing one's potential, aesthetic needs (beauty, order, symmetry), achievement and prestige (approval, recognition, self-esteem), belonging and love (love, acceptance, affection), safety and security (safety, freedom from fear, stability), and life essentials (food, water, air). -
Jean Piaget and Constructivist Learning Theory
Piaget's proposition that children develop intelligence through direct experiences with the physical world. -
Period: to
From Politics to the Classroom
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Urie Bronfender
Ecological theory looks at children's development within the context of the system of relationships that form their environment. There are five interrelating environmental systems: the microsystem, the mesosystem, the exosystem, the macrosystem, and the chronosystem. -
Erik Erikson
According to Erikson, children's personalities and social skills grow and develop within the context of society and in response to society's demands, expectations, values, and social institutions such as families, schools, and child care programs.
