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Period: to
French Revolution time at Spain
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Alliance between France and Spain before French Revolution
France and Spain became allies because of the familiar union between bourbons and spanish people and to combat with the increasing power of Great Britain. The French Revolution changed this. Spain was frightened about the spreading of revolutionary ideas from France to Spain, which could provoque the revolution of middle and lower classes but, on the other hand, they shouldn´t broke this union because of Great Britain pressure. -
Covenant between Carlos III and Luis XV
Carlos III commited to give military support to France in case of war and to maintein peace between each other. -
Carlos III death (Carlos IV)
Carlos the third died and his soon Carlos IV, started to govern over Spain and its territories with the support of Godoy, his valid. Portugal was an England allied so Godoy proposed to sign a secret contract (the treaty of Fontainebleau) with french to let them crossed the country to Portugal to remove this threat and became powerful.
But France Army ended up attacking Spain instead of attack Portugal and the alliance between the countries of France and Spain was broke. -
FRENCH REVOLUTION
This period of the modern history is divided according to the assemblies there were.
Each one, had different names and thoughts, from the Estates General to the Directory and the Consulate passing through National Assembly, Constituent Assembly with the constitution, Legislative Assembly, Convention with the girondins and the jacobins and finally, the Directory in which Napoleon became first consulate. -
French First Republic and the Convention
The Convention Assembly appeared during this year.
It abolished the absolute monarchy and promoted the republic. -
Period: to
Convention War
It was a war between european powers.
The Ancien Regime countries wanted anti-revolutionary french to end with the revolution without intervenig at all because they were frigthtenned about the spreading of revolutionary ideas.
As a consequence a sense of thogethernnes among the french against the foreign enemy emerged. France Army entered Spain, but both countries continued to need each other support against England, so Godoy, the valid of Carlos IV signed the peace with France again. -
Peace between France and Spain by Godoy
After the french attack on Spain, a series of revolts followed by the spanish occured.
But Godoy, realized that the greatest threat remained Britain and proposed to sign a new peace and later a treaty.
France agreed and they returned to be allied countries. -
Treaty of San Ildefonso
After the signing of peace between France and Spain, it was proposed to establish a treaty known as the Treaty of San Ildefonso in which both countries pledged to maintain a military policy together against Britain,which at the time, threatened the spanish fleet during their travel to America and so that, its economy. -
War is declared against Britain
As a result of the Treaty of San Ildefonso, Spain and France declared war to Great Britain which ended in 1805. -
Period: to
Napoleon time of power
Napoleon forgot about american colonies and tried to form an empire, for which it needed spanish territories and its navigation experience.
So he broke the alliance he had with Spain and decided to put his brother, José Bonaparte in the throne of Spain by killing the son of Carlos IV but it didn´t succed. -
Directory and the Consulate
Napoleon proclaimed himself first consulate. -
Napoleon became emperor
The pope proclaimed Napoleon emperor of France and its territories (previously, Napoleon had proclaimed himself emperor). -
Battle of Trafalgar
French and Spanish forces were defeated by the British. -
Treaty of Fontainebleau
Spain signed this treaty (proposed by Godoy in 1788) with France which gave french troops permission to pass through Spain on their way to attack Portugal. At the time, Portugal was a British allie. In the end, french forces attack Spain and sent Carlos IV and his son Fernando to Bayonne where they renounced their rights to the throne of Spain in favour of Napoleon who made his own brother, Joseph Bonaparte, the new king of Spain in 1808. -
King Joseph I
He became king of Spain thanks to his brother Napoleon, -
Spanish War of Independence
Inhabitants of Madrid rose up against France.
During this period, two important actions were taking place at the same time: the war and a political revolution.
-THE POLITICAL REVOLUTION: two separate governments coexisted.
-The king Joseph I, the head of the French government in Spain. He imposed the Bayonne Constitution with the help of afrancesados (his supporters)
-The central council who represent Fernando VII.
-THE WAR: Cádiz was the only area who resisted french attack. -
Battle of Bailén
The most important spanish victory in the War of Independence. -
Regency Council and the Cortes
The Central Council in Cádiz was replaced by the Regency Council which then called togheter the Cortes. -
SPANISH CONSTITUTION
The Cortes of Cádiz approved the first spanish constitution:
- constitutional monarchy.
- popular sovereignty with limited male suffrage.
- Catholicism as the religion.
- separation of powers in three branches of government.
- rights and freedoms were guarante. -
France defeated
The french troops were finally defeated thank to support from British forces leaded by the Duke of Wellington and guerrilla attacks carried out by Spanish. -
Battle of Waterloo
Napoleon was defeated in this battle at Belgium and he was banished to the island of St. Elena where he died.
