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frst computer
First generation of computers started with using vacuum tubes.
These tubes like electric bulbs produced a lot of heat and were prone to frequent fusing of the installations. In this generation, mainly batch processing operating systems were used. In this generation, Punched cards, Paper tape, Magnetic tape Input & Output device were used. There were machine codes and electric wired board languages used -
Period: to
gen 1
-Vacuum tube technology -Unreliable -Supported Machine language only -Very costly -Generate lot of heat -Slow Input/Output device -Huge size -Need of A.C. -Non-portable
-Consumed lot of electricity -
first gen computer type
-ENIAC -EDVAC -UNIVAC -IBM-701 -IBM-650 -
seccond gen computer
This generation using the transistor were cheaper. In this generation, magnetic cores were used as primary memory and magnetic tape and magnetic disks as secondary storage devices.
In this generation, assembly language and high-level programming language like FORTRAN, COBOL were used. There were Batch processing and Multiprogramming Operating system used. -
Period: to
gen 2
-Use of transistors -Reliable as compared to First generation computers -Smaller size as compared to First generation computers -Generate less heat as compared to First generation computers -Consumed less electricity as compared to First generation computers -Faster than first generation computers -Still very costly -A.C. needed -Support machine and assembly languages -
seccond gen computer type
-IBM 1620 -IBM 7094 -CDC 1604 -CDC 1604 -UNIVAC 1108 -
third gen computer
The third generation of computer is marked by the use of Integrated Circuits. A single IC has many transistors, resistors and capacitors along with the associated circuitry. The IC was invented by Jack Kilby. In this generation, Remote processing, Time-sharing, Real-time, Multi-programming Operating System were used. High-level language were used during this generation. -
Period: to
gen 3
-IC used -More reliable -Smaller size -Generate less heat -Faster
-Lesser maintenance -Still costly -A.C. needed -Consumed lesser electricity -Support high-level language -
third gen computer type
-IBM-360 series -Honeywell-6000 series -PDP(Personal Data Processor) -IBM-370/168 -TDC-316 -
Fourth Gen computer
The fourth generation of computers is marked by the use of Very Large Scale Integrated circuits. Fourth Generation computers became more powerful, compact, reliable, and affordable. As a result, it gave rise to personal computer revolution. n this generation, Time sharing, Real time, Networks, Distributed Operating System were used. All the higher level languages like C and C++, DBASE, etc., were used in this generation. -
Period: to
gen 4
-VLSI technology used -Very cheap -Portable and reliable -Use of PC's -Very small size -Pipeline processing -No A.C. needed -Concept of internet was introduced -Great developments in the fields of networks -Computers became easily available -
Fourth Gen computer type
-DEC 10 -STAR 1000 - PDP 11 -CRAY-1 (Super Computer)
-CRAY-X-MP (Super Computer) -
Fifth Gen computer
In the fifth generation, the VLSI technology became ULSI technology, resulting in the production. This generation is based on parallel processing hardware and AI (Artificial Intelligence) software. AI is an emerging branch in computer science which interprets means and methods of making computers think like human beings. All the higher level languages like C and C++, Java, .Net, etc., are used in this generation. -
Period: to
gen 5
-Robotics -Neural networks -Game Playing -Development of expert systems to make decisions in real life situations -Natural language understanding and generation -
Fifth Gen computer type
-Desktop -Laptop -NoteBook -UltraBook -ChromeBook
