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Jose de San Martin is born.
José de San Martín was an Argentine general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's successful struggle for independence from Spain. -
Bernardo O'Higgins is born.
He was a South American revolutionary leader and first Chilean head of state (1817 – 23). He studied with Martin. -
Birth of Bolivar
Simon Bolivar (1783-1830) was born in Caracas, Venezuela. His parents died when he was a child and he inherited a fortune. As a young man, he traveled in Europe. Video -
Miguel Hidalgo
The priest Miguel Hidalgo starts a rebellion against the viceroy of New Spain. -
Argentina's Independence
Argentina declared independence and began its revolt from Napoleonic Spain. A major helper of this was Martin. -
Paraguay's Independence
Paraguay declared its independence after overthrowing the local Spanish administration on May 14, 1811. -
Venezuela Independence
SourceA congress led by Bolivar and Miranda declares the independence of Venezuela. -
Bolivar becomes dictator.
Bolivar is proclaimed dictator of Venezuela. -
Bolivar and Columbia
Source Simon Bolivar returned to Angostura and became the first president of the original republic of Colombia (now Ecuador, Colombia, Panama, and Venezuela). -
Guatemala Independence
Guatemala declares its independence from Spain. -
Bolivar and Educador
Simon Bolivar marched into Educador and added that territory to the new Colombian republic. -
San Martin and Peru
General Jose de San Martin captures Lima from Spanish and proclaims Peru independent. -
Brazil declares independence
Pedro I begins to rule Brazil, and it is the beginnning of a monarchy there. -
Central America's Independence
Central America declares independence and forms United Provinces of Central America. -
Bolivar and Peru
Simon Bolivar led the revolutionary forces of Peru in their fight for independence and won a victory over the Spaniards at Auacucho. Source -
Peru's Indepdence
Peru is last colony in Latin America to gain independence from Spain. -
Brazil's Consitution
Brazil enacts a constitution. -
Brazil's Recognition
Portugal recognizes the independence of Brazil. -
Bolivar and Bolivia
Upper Peru became a separate state, named Bolivia in Simon Bolivar's honor. -
Ten Independent Latin American Countries
There are ten independent countries in Latin America: Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Haiti, Paraguay, La Plata, Brazil, and the population of Latin America is about 20 million -
Chilean Civil War
The Chilean Civil War is an armed conflict between conservative and liberal forces in Chile over the constitutional regime in force. -
Gamarra in Peru
Chile defeats Peru and Bolivia, forces the dissolution of the union between the two countries, ends the career of Bolivia's dictator Santa Cruz and allows Agust�n Gamarra to seize power in Peru. -
Texas
Texas is annexed by the USA. -
Haiti's Recognition
The USA recognizes Haiti's independence. -
Coffee
Brazil provides about half of the coffee traded in the world. -
Dictatorship of Porfirio Díaz
Source Porfirio Díaz's reign as dictator of Mexico begins. It ends in 1910. -
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Colombia's Constitution
Colombia enacts a new constitution drafted by president Rafael Nunez, that proclaims a unitarian Republic of Colombia instead of the previous federalist United States of Colombia (one of the longest lasting constitutions in the world). -
Brazil overthrows the government.
Monarchy overthrown, federal republic established with central government controlled by coffee interests. Brazil produces 65% of world's coffee by 1902. -
Coffee takes over Brazil
A Federal republic is established in Brazil with a central government controlled by coffee investment. -
Brazil's New Constitution
Brazil proclaims a new constitution as a federal republic ("Old Republic") and Deodoro de Fonseca is elected first president. -
Cuba becomes a republic
Cuba becomes a republic and Tomas Estrada Palma is elected president. -
Porfirio Díaz Presidency Begins
Source Porfirio Díaz is elected president of Mexico after his reign as dictator for over 40 years. -
Mexico Revolution
The Mexican Revolution begins in an attempt to overthrow Diaz. It was led by Francisco I.
