Apartheid and Mandela

  • Breakout of Disease

    Breakout of Disease
    The bubonic plague broke out in the Coolie Location and many slaves died.
  • Muslim League

    Muslim League
    They wanted to secure Muslim representation in the government.
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    India Independence Movement

    The goal was to end British rule in India. The people didn't want to be under their rule anymore.
  • Accra Riots

    Accra Riots
    These riots occurred in Ghana. They lasted until March 3rd of 1948.
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    South Africa Apartheid

    A lot of racial segregation occurred during this time. Laws were made in order to create even more division and segregation.
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    Ghana Independence Movement

    Ghana gained independence from Britain. This was also called the National Liberation Movement.
  • Group Areas Act

    Group Areas Act
    The Group Areas Act was passed, forcing citizens out of urban areas, and into residential areas where they would be housed according to racial groups.
  • Population Registration Act

    Population Registration Act
    This was the first big apartheid law. It introduced identity cards, which listed someone's racial group. This act was also the introduction of racial classification overall.
  • Mandela Leads Defiance Campaign

    Mandela Leads Defiance Campaign
    In 1952, Nelson Mandela led the Defiance Campaign, exhorting Black people to violate the laws of racial segregation. He was found guilty and banned from meetings.
  • African males must carry a "reference book"

    African males must carry a "reference book"
    In 1952, the government enacted an even more rigid law that required all African males over the age of 16 to carry a “reference book” containing personal information and employment history.
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    Mau Mau Rebellion

    Many people were killed during the rebellion. British troops tried to fight against these terrible acts. They didn't want the British to take over Kenya.
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    Cuban Revolution

    The Cuban Revolution was led by Fidel Castro. This revolution established a new government within Cuba.
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    Algerian War for Independence

    Algeria wanted independence from France. They were successful in gaining their independence.
  • People were forced to move

    People were forced to move
    More than 860,000 people were forced to move in order to divide and control racially-separate communities at a time of growing organized resistance to apartheid in urban areas; the removals also worked to the economic detriment of Indian shop owners.
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    Congo Independence Movement

    The Congo elected Patrice Lumumba as their prime minister. The Congo's journey to independence was violent. They gained independence on June 30th, 1960.
  • The Spear of the Nation

    The Spear of the Nation
    Around 1961, Mandela and the rest of the defendants are acquitted of the high treason charge. He goes underground and creates “The Spear of the Nation” (Umkhonto we Sizwe), an armed wing of the ANC, from which he becomes commander and chief.
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    Cambodian Civil War

    Fought between the communist party and the government forces. The Khmer Republic succeeded the kingdom.
  • Khmer Rouge

    Khmer Rouge
    Members of communist party of Kampuchea. Their tactics were extremely brutal. They were defeated by Vietnamese troops. They held their power in Cambodia.
  • The Bantu Homelands Citizenship Act of 1970

    The Bantu Homelands Citizenship Act of 1970
    The Bantu Homelands Citizenship Act of 1970 declared that all Africans were citizens of “homelands,” rather than of South Africa itself—a step toward the government’s ultimate goal of having no African citizens of South Africa.
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    Iranian Revolution

    The events during the Iranian Revolution ended up overthrowing the Pahlavi Dynasty. This revolution resulted in the falling of the monarchy.
  • Africans Resist Being Moved

    Africans Resist Being Moved
    In one incident over four days in 1985, Africans resisted being moved from Crossroads to the new government-run Khayelitsha township farther away; 18 people were killed and 230 were injured
  • Soweto Massacre

    Soweto Massacre
    Students began to protest in the streets in Soweto. These children were black and their protests began in 1976.
  • Mandela becomes president of African National Congress

    Mandela becomes president of African National Congress
    On July 6, 1991, Mandela would be appointed as the president of the African National Congress (ANC) by acclamation and be the successor of Oliver Tambo.
  • Mendela Leaves Parliament

    Mendela Leaves Parliament
    In March 1999, suffering from prostate cancer, he said goodbye to the parliament, naming Thabo Mbeki as the new president.