-
570
Muhammad Ibn Abdullah was born
His parents died when he was very young and he was raised by his uncle, a rich merchant -
614
Muslim expansion
Muslims from the Arabian Peninsula began a process os expansion -
622
Muhammad fled to the city of Medina
His teachings for a new monotheist religion the Islam, had few followers and the authorities persecuted him because of his ideas, so Muhammad had to flee, this act is called Hijra and this marked the beginning of the Islamic calendar -
630
Many Arabian tribes converted to Islam
The prophet converted the people of Medina to Islam and with his help they attacked Mecca and destroyed their idols -
632
Muhammad died
Later, most of the people had converted to Islam -
632
First four caliphs
. Was ruled between 632 and 661. Were chosen from Muhammad´s family members -
632
Muhammad died
At this time many Arabians converted to Islam and the Arabian Peninsula had been politically unified -
661
Umayyad dynasty
Its capital is Damascus. They led a great expansion, conquering the Iberian Peninsula and other regions -
700
The life of Arabian Peninsula
The inhabitans lived in travelling groups, they are nomadic herders and farmers -
710
Wittiza died and Roderic was elected king
Wittiwa's son Achila did not accept Roderic war -
711
Battle of guadalete
An army of Berbers crossed the Strait of Gibraltar ad defeated the Visigoths, in this battle Roderic died -
714
Muslims in the Iberian Peninsula
Crossed the Strait of Gibraltar to the Iberian Peninsula, conquering most of the region. The conquered territory was called Al-Andalus -
718
Conquest of the Peninsula by the Muslims
The invading armies controlled most of the peninsula. Visigothic nobles and clerics, along with a small part of the puopulation, took refuge in the Cantabrian Mountains. -
718
The Islam conquered of Berber tribes
In North Africa took over most of the Iberian Peninsula and attacked the Frankish Kingdom -
718
The Dependent Emirate
After the military conquest, Al-Andalus became a province or emirate that was dependent on the Umayyad Caliphate of Damascus -
718
Berber tribes
They conquered the Beber tribes in north Africa, took over most of the Iberian Peninsula -
722
Battle of Covadonga
Armed confrontation between Asturian and Umayyad troops in Covadonga, Asturias -
732
Battle of poitiers
Between the forces commanded by the Frankish leader Charles Martel and a Muslim army. The Franks defeated the Muslim army. -
732
Attacked the Frankish kingdom
Where they were beaten in the beaten in the Battle of Poitiers and forced to retreat south of the Pyrenees -
734
Byzantine Empire
The Muslims faced the Byzantine Empire and they were conquering Syria, Egypt and a part of Persian Empire -
750
The Abbasid dynasty
Defeated the Umayyads and took over the Caliphate -
750
Abbasid dynasty
Defeated the Umayyads and took over the Caliphate, moving the capital to Baghdad. During this period, some provinces, such as Al-Andalus, Egypt and Morocco, separated themselves from the centra power -
756
Abd al-Rahmad
The last member of the Umayyad family. Fled to A-Andalus. Founded the Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba -
756
The Independent Emirate
-
831
Expanded and occupied Palermo
The Islam expanded towards Nubia and occuped Palermo -
831
Muslims expanded towards Nubia
Nubia was in southern Egypt, occupied Palermo -
846
Islam invaded southern and central Italy
In the 9th century, they expanded towards Nubia, occupied Palermo -
846
Muslims in Italy
The Muslims invaded southern and central Italy -
929
Caliphate of Córdoba
A territory independent from the authority of Baghdad -
929
Abd al-Rahman III
Last independent emir and first Umayyad caliph of Cordoba -
1008
The Caliphate began to break up
The aristocracy, senior civil servants and the army fought for power -
1031
Independent Kingdoms
Al-Andalus was divided into more than 25 independent kingdoms called Taifas: -
1086
Arrival of the Almoravids
Political fragmentation weakened the militarily against the Christian kingdoms. This facilited the invasion of the almoravids -
1147
Arrival of the Almohads
It not only facilited the invasion of the Almoravids, it also facilitated the Almohads -
1212
Battle of Navas of Tolosa
Christian conquest of most of Andalucia -
1248
The Nasrid kingdom of Granada
It was the only territory that survived the Christian advance. It was ruled by sultans or king of the Nasrid dynasty -
1453
The Islamic Empire
Was taken over by the Turks. They conquered Constantinople, the Byzantine capital -
1453
Final of the Middle Ages
The Islamic Empire was taken over by the Turks. They conquered Constantinople. This event marks the end of the Middle Ages -
1492
Conquest of Granada
By the Catholic Monarchs