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  Europeans began to make long sea voyages.
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  Africans beyond the Sahara began trading with Europeans who had recently arrived on their coastlines.
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  African traders began to sell enslaved people.
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  Europeans had built trading posts on the African coast.
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  Southern and Eastern Africa were also colonized.
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  Slave trade was mostly outlawed in this time.
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  European powers began to colonize Africa.
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  Africans regained power over their own lands.
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  Several European powers controlled different parts of Africa.
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  African countries gained mostly all of their independence in the mid-1900s.
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  In South Africa, independence came as early as 1910.
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  South Africa gained its independence from Britain.
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  Nelson Mandela's birthday.
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  In Kenya, the Kikuyu people started a political organization to secure their freedom from Britain.
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  This was the only country that was never colonized, although it was invaded Italy failed to conquer it.
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  African independence movements gained momentum at this time.
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  South Africa adopted apartheid.
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  The majority of Africa gained its independence at this time.
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  Ghana became independent.
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  Nigeria is now independent.
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  Belgium granted the Belgian Congo its independence
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  Nelson Mandela played a key role in ending apartheid. He was an ANC leader who was eventually jailed in 1962.
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  Kenya is now independent.
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  An army leader named Joseph Mobutu renamed the Belgian Congo to Zaire.
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  At this time an oil-rich region controlled by the Igbo ethnic group attempted to leave Nigeria.
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  F.W. de Klerk, South Africa's president from 1989 to 1994 finally realized that apartheid was destroying South Arica.
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  F.W. de Klerk released Nelson Mandela from jail and put an end to apartheid.
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  Nelson Mandela and F.W. de Klerk won the Nobel Peace Prize.
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  South Africans of all races voted together to have Nelson Mandela as their president.
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  This was a movement for more democracy that is now known as the Arab Spring.