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John Deere
John Deere developed the first commercially successful, self-scouring steel plow. This is important to the timeline because the soil was different than that of the East and wood plows kept breaking. -
Bessemer Process
Carnegie was the first to invest in the Bessemer Process. The Bessemer Process was the mass production of strong steel at low prices. The key principle is removal of impurities from the iron by oxidation with air being blown through the molten iron. -
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Transforming the West
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The Homestead act
The Homestead Act opened up settlement in the western United States allowing any American to put in a claim for up to 160 free acres of federal land. This is important to the timeline because this help bring people to the west. -
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Becoming an Industrial Power
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Transcontinental railroad
Presidents of the unions pacific and central pacific came together to build a railroad that would meet in promontory, Utah. The Union pacific built west while the central pacific built east. The railroad had dramatic economic, cultural, and political significance to the development of the United States. Its ability to connect both coasts with quick transportation was significant. It also had problems like issues with population, also farmers went bankrupt due to isolation and drought. -
Laissez Faire
Laissez Faire is where the market takes care of itself. This is significant to the timeline because this made the government stay out of the private sphere. -
Corporations
Corporations was the biggest change in economy. Corporations were owned through stocks and limited liability. This is significant to the timeline because there were railroads, telegraphs, and expanded business. -
George Armstrong Custer
George Armstrong Custer was a United states army officer and cavalry commander in the American Civil War and the American Indian Wars. He is significant to the timeline because he led more than 200 of his men to their deaths in the notorious Battle of the Little Bighorn in June 1876. -
Cornelius Vanderbilt
Cornelius Vanderbilt was an American business magnate and philanthropist who built his wealth in railroads and shipping. He is important to the timeline because he was a self-made multi-millionaire who became one of the wealthiest Americans of the 19th century. -
Great uprising
The great uprising was a railroad strike that spread from west Virginia to other cities across the country. Labor unions became better organized and the national guard was created as a result. -
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The Gilded Age
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Exodusters
Exodusters was a name given to African Americans who migrated from states along the Mississippi River to Kansas in the late 19th century. This is important to the timeline because It was the first general migration of blacks following the Civil War. -
Francis Willard
Francis Willard was an American educator, temperance reformer, and women's suffragist. Her influence continued in the next decades. She also became the national president of Women's Christian Temperance Union in 1879 and remained president until she died. -
Assassination of President Garfield
The assassination of James A. Garfield, the 20th President of the United States, began when he was shot at 9:30 am on July 2, 1881, less than four months into his term as President, and ended in his death 79 days later on September 19, 1881. This is important to the timeline because this helped create the Pendleton Act. -
Booker T. Washington
Booker T. Washington was an African-american educator of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, who headed Tuskegee Institute, a college for African-American in Alabama. This is important to the timeline because he was one of the most influential African-American intellectuals of the late 19th century -
Immigrants
In the Northern areas Swedish, Norwegh, German were located. The Irish immigrants were the wage workers along with the Chinese. The Chinese exclusion act also came about in 1882 which would ban further immigration pertaining to Chinese people in the U.S. -
Chinese Exclusion Act
The Chinese Exclusion Act was a United States federal law signed by President Chester A. Arthur on May 6, 1882, prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers. This is important to the timeline because it was the first significant law that restricted immigration into the United States of an ethnic working group. -
Pendleton Act
The Pendleton act was a federal law, enacted on 1883, which established that positions within the federal government should be awarded on the basis of merit instead of political affiliation. This is important to the timeline because this helped established the civil service exam. -
Hay Market riot
The Haymarket Riot was the aftermath of a bombing that took place at a labor demonstration on May 4, 1886. An unknown person threw a dynamite bomb at police as they acted to disperse the public meeting. At least eight people died as a result of the violence that day. Despite a lack of evidence against them eight radical labor activists were convicted in connection with the bombing. -
Dawes Severalty Act
The Dawes Act of 1887 authorized the President of the United States to survey American Indian tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual Indians. This is important to the timeline because it ended communal ownership of the land and parceled it up into pieces to be owned by individual Native Americans. -
Klondike Gold Rush
The Klondike Gold Rush was a rush of thousands of people in the 1890's toward the Klondike gold mining district in northwestern Canada after gold was discovered there. This is important to the timeline because this event led to the establishment of Dawson city and the Yukon territory. -
Farmer's Alliance
The Farmers Alliance was an organized agrarian economic movement among American farmers that developed and flourished in 1875. This is important to the timeline because it created the People's Party. -
Sherman Anti-trust Act
The Sherman Antitrust Act prohibits monopolies or unreasonable combinations of companies to restrict or in any way control interstate commerce. It is also a landmark federal statue in the history of United States antitrust law passed by Congress in 1890 under the presidency of Benjamin Harrison. -
Unions
Unions were organizations of workers formed to promote collective bargaining with employers over wages, hours, fringe benefits, job security, and working conditions. This is important to the timeline because the trade unions played an important part in the role for independence. -
Ida B.Wells
Ida B. Wells was an African-American journalist, newspaper editor, suffragist, sociologist, feminist, and an early leader in the Civil Rights Movement. She led an anti-lynching crusade in the United States in the 1890's. She went on to found and become integral in groups striving for African-American justice. -
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Progressive Era
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Period: to
Imperialism
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Wounded Knee
The Wounded Knee was a creek in South Dakota where United States soldiers killed large numbers of Dakota Native Americans in 1890. This is important to the timeline because this was the last major battle of the Indians Wars of the late 19th century. -
World's Columbian Exposition 1893
The World's Columbian Exposition was a world's fair held in Chicago in 1893 to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus's arrival in the New World in 1492. This is important to the timeline because Christopher Columbus found the New World. -
Depression of 1893
The Depression of 1893 was a serious economic depression in the United States that began in that year. Like most major financial downturns, the depression of the 1890's was preceded by a series of shocks that undermined public confidence and weakened the economy. This is important to the timeline because this event provided a spectacular financial crisis that contributed to the economic recession. -
Pullman Strike
The Pullman Strike was a nationwide railroad strike in the United States on May 11, 1894, and a turning point for US labor law. This is important to the timeline because it pitted the american railway union against the Pullman Company. -
William Jennings Bryan
William Jennings Bryan was an American orator and political from Nebraska. Beginning in 1896, he emerged as a dominant force in the Democratic Party, standing three times as the party's nominee for President of the United States. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
Plessy v. Ferguson is a U.S. Supreme Court case from 1896 that upheld the rights of states to pass laws allowing or even requiring racial segregation in public and private institutions such as schools, public transportation, restrooms, and restaurants. This is important to the timeline because the court ruled on the concept of 'separate but equal' and set back civil rights in the United States for decades to come. -
Election of 1896
The United States presidential election of November 3, 1896, saw Republican William McKinley defeat Democrat William Jennings Bryan in a campaign considered by historians to be one of the most dramatic and complex in American history. This is important to the timeline because the voter turnout was unprecedented. -
William McKinley
William McKinley was a president from 1897 to 1901. He was a republican that led the United States during the Spanish- American War, although he at first opposed taking action against Spain. -
Yellow Journalism
Yellow Journalism is an american term for journalism that present little or no legitimate well- researched news while instead using eye-catching headlines for increased sales. This is important to the timeline because it was first used during the wars between William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer II. -
Queen Liliuokalani
Queen Liliuokalani was the last sovereign of the Kamehameha dynasty, which had ruled a unified Hawaiian kingdom since 1810. Born Lydia Kamakaeha, she became crown princess in 1877, after the death of her youngest brother made her the heir apparent to her elder brother, King Kalakaua. This is important to the timeline because during her reign Hawaii was annexed. -
U.S.S. Maine Incident
The U.S.S. Maine was a second-class battleship commissioned in 1895 that was part of the new U.S. Navy fleet of steel ships. It exploded in Havana Harbor in 1898 and precipitated U.S. entry into the Spanish-American War. This is important to the timeline because it started the Spanish American War. -
Battle of San Juan Hill/San Juan Heights
The Battle of San Juan Hill, also known as the battle for the San Juan Heights, was a decisive battle of the Spanish–American War. -
Open Door policy
The Open Door Policy is a term in foreign affairs initially used to refer to the United States policy established in the late 19th century and the early 20th century, as enunciated in Secretary of State John Hay's Open Door Note, dated September 6, 1899 and dispatched to the major European powers. -
Election of 1900
McKinley wins again with Teddy Roosevelt as VP. The election in 1900 was strikingly similar to its predecessor; the major candidates, issues and results were much the same. William McKinley, the incumbent, was easily renominated. -
Boxer Rebellion
The Boxer Rebellion officially supported peasant uprising of 1900. It attempted to drive all foreigners from China. “Boxers” was a name that foreigners gave to a Chinese secret society known as the Yihequan. -
Teddy Roosevelt
Roosevelt was president from 1901 to 1909. He became governor of New York in 1899, soon after leading a group of volunteer cavalrymen, the Rough Riders, in the Spanish-American War. -
Big stick policy
The big stick policy refers to U.S president Theodore Roosevelt's foreign policy. This is a policy of carefully mediated negotiation supported by the unspoken threat of a powerful military. -
Platt Amendment
The Platt Amendment was passed as part of the 1901 Army Appropriations Bill. It stipulated seven conditions for the withdrawal of United States troops remaining in Cuba at the end of the Spanish–American War, and an eighth condition that Cuba sign a treaty accepting these seven conditions. -
Muller v. Oregon
Muller v. Oregon was a landmark decision by the United States Supreme court. In 1903, Oregon passed a law that said that women could work no more than 10 hours a day in factories and laundries. A woman at Muller's laundry was required to work more than 10 hours. Muller was convicted of violating the law. -
W. E. B. DuBois
W.E.B DuBois was an American civil rights activist, leader, Pan-Africanist, sociologist, educator, historian, writer, editor, poet, and scholar. He help found the national association for the advancement of colored people. -
Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution was a revolution for agrarian reforms led in northern Mexico by Pancho Villa and in southern Mexico by Emiliano Zapata. This is important to the timeline because the Mexican revolution ended dictatorship in Mexico and established a constitutional republic. -
Election of 1912
In the Election of 1912 Democrat Woodrow Wilson defeated Bull Moose candidate and former Republican president Theodore Roosevelt and Republican incumbent president William Howard Taft. Teddy Roosevelt ran as a progressive party. -
Bull Moose Party
The Bull Moose party was a former political party in the United States. It was founded by Theodore Roosevelt during the presidential campaign of 1912. This is important to the timeline because the platform of the Bull Moose party reflected Roosevelt's New Nationalism. -
Nativism
Nativism is the policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitant against those of immigrants. Some Americans became weary of immigrants and strikes helped propel the idea. This is important to the timeline because this caused significant social changes and huge disparities in wealth between the rich and poor. -
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Archduke Franz Ferdinand was a sovereign prince of the former ruling house of Austria. His assassination at Sarajevo triggered the outbreak of WWI. -
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World War l
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Great Migration
The Great Migration was the movement of 6 million African-Americans out of the rural Southern United States to the urban Northeast, Midwest, and West that occurred between 1916 and 1970. Until 1910, more than 90 percent of the African-American population lived in the American South. -
George Dewey
George Dewey was Admiral of the Navy, the only person in United States history to have attained the rank. He is best known for his victory at the Battle of Manila Bay during the Spanish–American War. -
Zimmerman telegram
The Zimmerman Telegram was a secret diplomatic communication issued from the German Foreign Office in January 1917 that proposed a military alliance between Germany and Mexico in the prior event of the United States entering World War I against Germany. It is important to the timeline because it proposed to have Mexico enter the war against the US, on the side of Germany. -
Vladimir Lenin
The architect of Russia's 1917 Bolshevik revolution and the first leader of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. A prominent Marxist, Lenin was born in 1870 in Russia with the last name Ulianov. -
Mustard gas
Mustard gas is a colorless oily liquid whose vapor is a powerful irritant and vesicant, used in chemical weapons. This is important to the timeline because the Germans filled projectiles with the deadly substances and polluted the trenches of WWI. -
Spanish Flu
The Spanish Flu was caused by an influenza virus of type A, in particular that of the pandemic that began in 1918. It has been cited as the most devastating epidemic in recorded world history. It was considered a global disaster. -
Andrew Carnegie
Andrew Carnegie was an american industrial leader of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He immigrated to the United states from Scotland without money and made millions in the steel industry. -
Treaty of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles was a document signed between Germany and the Allied Powers following World War I that officially ended that war. This treaty was the most important of the peace treaties that brought WWI to an end. -
Louis Armstrong
Louis Armstrong was a 20th century African-American jazz trumpet player and singer. He is important to the timeline because he influenced countless musicians with both his daring trumpet style and unique vocals. -
Progressives
Progressives are members of a chiefly agrarian reform movement advocating the nationalization of railways, low tariffs, and end to party politics, and similar measures. This is important to the timeline because it transformed, professionalized, and mad "scientific" the social sciences. -
First Red Scare
The First Red Scare was a period during the early 20th-century history of the United States marked by a widespread fear of Bolshevism and anarchism, due to real and imagined events; real events included those such as the Russian Revolution and anarchist bombings. -
Ku Klux Klan
The Klan was a organization that caused thousands of lynchings and burnings. They were initially suppressed by the government but eventually had millions of followers. This is important to the timeline because this killed many blacks in the 20's. -
Harlem Renaissance
The Harlem renaissance was an African-american cultural movement of the 1920s and 1930s, centered in Harlem, that celebrated black traditions, the black voice, and black ways of life. This is important to the timeline because it marked a moment when white America started recognizing the intellectual contributions of Blacks and on the other hand African Americans asserted their identity intellectually and linked their struggle to that of blacks around the world. -
Susan B. Anthony
Susan B. Anthony was a reformer of the 19th and early 20th centuries, and was known especially for her advocacy of women's suffrage. She was also active in the cause of abolitionism before the Civil War. She is important to the timeline because she was a pioneer crusader for the woman suffrage movement in the United states and president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association. -
Temperance Movement
Temperance movements typically criticize alcohol intoxication, promote complete abstinence, or use its political influence to press the government to enact alcohol laws to regulate the availability of alcohol or even its complete prohibition. This is important to the timeline because this was apart of the roaring 20's -
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1920's
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19th amendment
The 19th amendment is a very important amendment to the constitution as it gave women the right to vote in 1920. It prohibited any United States citizen to be denied the right to vote based on sex. It was ratified on August 18, 1920 after a long struggle know as the women's suffrage movement. -
Duke Ellington
Duke Ellington was an American composer, pianist, and bandleader of a jazz orchestra, which led from 1923 until his death in a career spanning over 50 years. He is important to the timeline because he was considered by many to be America's greatest composer. He had appeared for more than 20,000 performances worldwide. -
Immigration act of 1924
The Immigration Act of 1924 limited the number of immigrants allowed entry into the United States through a national origins quota. The quota provided immigration visas to two percent of the total number of people of each nationality in the United States as of the 1890 national census. -
American Indian Citizenship Act
The American Indian Citizenship Act gave Native Americans born within the territorial limits of the country citizenship. This is important to the timeline because before the Civil war citizenship was often limited to Native Americans of one-half or less Indian blood. -
Period: to
The Great Depression
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Valentine's Day Massacre
Valentine's Day in 1929 was one of the bloodiest days in mob history when 7 men were gunned down in Chicago. Al "Scarface" Capone rose to power after a rival gang was in shambles as a result of the killings. -
Douglas MacArthur
Douglas MacArthur was an American five-star general and Field Marshal of the Philippine Army. He was Chief of Staff of the United States Army during the 1930s and played a prominent role in the Pacific theater during World War II. -
FIAT Currency
FIAT Currency is paper money or coins of little or no intrinsic value in themselves and not convertible into gold or silver, but made legal tender by fiat of the government. It is intrinsically worthless object, such as paper money, that is deemed to be money by law. -
Hoovervilles
Hoovervilles were shantytown built by unemployed and destitute people during the Depression of the early 1930's.They were named after Herbert Hoover, who was President of the United States of America during the onset of the Depression and was widely blamed for it. -
Election of 1932
In election of 1932 Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt defeated Republican President Herbert Hoover. Roosevelt's victory would be the first of five successive Democratic presidential wins. -
First 100 days
The term "first hundred days" refers to the first 100 days in the term of a President of the United states. The first 100 days of Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency began on March 4, 1933, the day Roosevelt was inaugurated as the 32nd President of the United States. During this period, he presented a series of initiatives to Congress designed to counter the effects of the Great Depression. -
The Holocaust
The Holocaust was the mass murder of Jews under the German Nazi regime during the period 1941–45. More than 6 million European Jews, as well as members of other persecuted groups, such as gypsies and homosexuals, were murdered at concentration camps such as Auschwitz. This is important to the timeline because the Holocaust was one reason as to why there was a war going on. -
20th Amendment
The 20th amendment is a simple amendment that sets the dates at which federal government elected offices end. It also defines who succeeds the president if the president dies. This is important to the timeline because it moved the beginning and ending of the terms of the president from march 4 to January 20, and of members of Congress from March 4 to January 3. -
21st amendment
The 21st amendment to the United States Constitution repealed the 18th amendment to the United States Constitution which had mandated nationwide prohibition on alcohol. This is important to the timeline because this was the only Amendment to be ratified by state ratifying conventions rather by state legislature, which would mark the prohibition repeal. It is clear that the 21st amendment was a result of the failed prohibition of alcohol in the United States. -
Exchange Act
The Exchange Act was enacted on June 6, 1934. This act is a law governing the secondary trading of securities in the United States of America. -
Wagner Act
The Wagner act was a foundation statue of United states labor law which guarantees basic right of private sector employees to organize into trade unions. -
migrant mother photo
The photograph popularly known as “Migrant Mother” has become an icon of the Great Depression. The compelling image of a mother and her children is actually one of a series of photographs that Dorothea Lange made in February or March of 1936 in Nipomo, California. -
John Rockefeller
Rockefeller was an american businessman of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was a founder of the Standard Oil company. He was also the richest man in the world at his retirement and was noted for founding many charitable organizations. -
Annexation of Austria
German troops march into Austria to annex the German-speaking nation for the Third Reich. In early 1938, Austrian Nazis conspired for the second time in four years to seize the Austrian government by force and unite their nation with Nazi Germany. -
Trench Warfare
Trench Warfare was a type of combat in which opposing troops fight from trenches facing each other. Trench Warfare was the dominant feature of WWI. They were holes dug by soldiers to protect themselves from the enemy. -
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World War 2
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German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact
The German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact was a treaty made by Germany and the Soviet Union in 1939 that opened the way for both nations to invade Poland. This is important to the timeline because the two countries agreed to take no military action against each other for the next 10 years. -
Winston Churchill
Winston Churchill was an English political leader and author of the twentieth century; he became prime minister shortly after World War II began and served through the end of the war in Europe. This is important to the timeline because Churchill symbolized the fierce determination of the British to resist conquest by the Germans under Adolf Hitler. -
Executive Order 9066
Executive Order 9066 was a United States presidential executive order signed and issued during World War II by United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt on February 19, 1942. This authorized the Army to evacuate any persons they considered a threat to national security. This is important to the timeline because as a result, over 120,000 Japanese people were forced to relocate to one of the ten different internment camps around the United States. -
Zoot Suit Riots
The Zoot Suit Riots were a series of conflicts in June 1943 in Los Angeles, California, United States, between European Americans servicemen stationed in Southern California against Mexican American youths and other minorities who were residents of the city. -
Battle of the Bulge
The Battle of the Bulge was the last major German offensive campaign on the Western Front during WWII. It was launched through the densely forested Ardennes region of Wallonia in eastern Belgium, Northeast France, and Luxembourg, towards the end of World War II. -
Manhattan project
The code name for the effort to develop atomic bombs for the United States during World War II. The first controlled nuclear reaction took place in Chicago in 1942, and by 1945, bombs had been manufactured that used this chain reaction to produce great explosive force. This is important to the timeline because it brought together all the knowledge then known with regards to nuclear fission. -
Little Boy Bomb
"Little Boy" was the code name for the atomic bomb dropped on the Japanese city of Hiroshima on 6 August 1945 during World War II. This is important to the timeline because this was the first atomic bomb to be used as a weapon. -
Fat man Bomb
"Fat Man" was the code name for the atomic bomb that was detonated over the Japanese city of Nagasaki by the United States on 9 August 1945. It was the second of the only two nuclear weapons ever used in warfare, the first being Little Boy, and its detonation marked the third-ever man-made nuclear explosion in history.
