First Nations

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  • Jan 1, 1000

    Vikings became the first known europeans to reach north america

    Vikings became the first known europeans to reach north america
    About A.D 1000, Vikings from Iceland and Greenland became the first known Europoeans to reach North America.The Vikings, led by Leif Erikson, landed somewhere on the northeast coast, a region the explorer called Vinland. The vikings established a colony in Vinlans, but they lived there only a short time.
  • Jan 1, 1492

    Voayage of Christopher Columbus

    Voayage of Christopher Columbus
    Lasting Contact between Europe and America began with the voyage of Christopher Columbus in 1492. Columbus sailed west from Spain to find a short sea route to the Indies, as Europeans called Eastern Asia. This region was known for its jewels, silks, spices and other luxery goods. When Columbus landed in America, he thought he had landed in the Indies.
  • Jan 1, 1497

    King Henry VII of England hired an Italian navigator, John Cabot.

    King Henry VII of England hired an Italian navigator, John Cabot.
    He Hired him to cross the Atlantic Ocean in search of a shorter route to Asia than the one Columbus had taken. No one knows exactly where Cabot landed.
  • Jan 1, 1534

    King Francis I sent Jaques Cartier to the New World

    King Francis I sent Jaques Cartier to the New World
    Cartier sailed to the Gulf of St. Lawrence. He landed on the Gaspe Peninsula and claimed it for France.
  • Jan 1, 1535

    Cartier became the first European to reach the interior of Canada

    Cartier became the first European to reach the interior of Canada
    He sailed up the St. Lawrence River to the site of the present day Montreal.
  • Jan 1, 1541

    Cartier joined a French Expedition

    Cartier joined a French Expedition
    On his third visit Cartier joined a french Expedition that hoped to establish a permantent settlement in Canada, but only lasted untill 1543.

  • King Henry IV of France completed plans to organize the fur trade and to set up a colony in Canada.

    King Henry IV of France completed plans to organize the fur trade and to set up a colony in Canada.
    King Henry IV of France completed plans to organize the fur trade and to set up a colony in Canada. The next year, a French explorer named Pierre du Gua, Sieur de Monts, led a small group of settlers to a site near the mouth of the St. Coix River. This is on the border between what are now New Brunswick and Maine.

  • Founding of Acadia

    Founding of Acadia
    In 1605, the settlers left the spot near the mouth of the St.Croix River and founded Port-Royal. The French called their colony Acadia.

  • Samuel de Champlain founded a settelment along the St. Lawrence River

    Samuel de Champlain founded a settelment along the St. Lawrence River
    He named the village Quebec. Champlain made friends with the Algonquin and Huron Indians living nearby and began to trade with them for furs.

  • Henry Hudson sailed to the Hudson Bay in his search for the passage.

    Henry Hudson sailed to the Hudson Bay in his search for the passage.
    An Enlgish sea captain, Henry Hudson sailed into the hudson bay in his search for the passage. England later based its claim tio the vast Hudon Bay region on this voyage.

  • English forces captured the town of Quebec

    English forces captired the town of Quebec. The French regained the town in 1632

  • King Louis XIV made New France a royal province of France.

    King Louis XIV made New France a royal province of France.
    He sent troops to Canada to fight the Iroquois and appointed administrators to govern and devlop the colony.

  • Louis de Buade

    Louis de Buade
    The boundries of New France expanded rapidly to the west and south after Louis de Buade, Comte de Frontenac, became the govenor in 1672.

  • Louis Jolliet, and others sailed down then Missisippi River to its junction with the Arkansas River

    Louis Jolliet, and others sailed down then Missisippi River to its junction with the Arkansas River
    Louis Jolliet, a French Canadian fur trader, and Jaques Marquette, a French Missonary, sailed down then Missisippi River to its junction with the Arkansas River. The French soon built forts and fur trading posts along the Great Lakes and along the Illoinois and Missisippi Rivers.

  • Rene-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, reached the mouth of the Missisippi at the Gulf of Mexico

    Rene-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, reached the mouth of the Missisippi at the Gulf of Mexico
    Rene-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, reached the mouth of the Missisippi at the Gulf of Mexico. He claimed all the land drained by the river and its branches for france

  • Colonial Wars

    Colonial Wars
    The first of three wars between the French and English colonists broke out in Europe before spreading to America. These wars in America were king Williams War (1689-1679), Queen Anne's War (1702- 1713), and King George's War (1744-1748). Only after the second war did either side gain territory. In 1713, under the Treaty of Utrecht, France gave the United Kingdom Newfoundland, the mainland Nova Scotia region of Acadia, and the Hudson Bay territory.

  • Shorter breechloaders were introduced

    Shorter breechloaders were introduced
    During hunting, buffalo herds were driven into pounds or corrals and killed, or were stampeded over steep cliffs while acquisition of the horse greatly facilitated buffalo hunting, muzzle loading guns proved inferior to bow and arrows, which were given up only after shorter breechloaders were introduced by the 1860's