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Causes of WW1.
The causes of WW1 were: Imperialism: Extending economic and political control over weaker nations. Nationalism: Devotion to the interest and culture of ones nation. Militarism: Development of armed forces and their use as tools of diplomacy. Alliance system: Formal agreement or union between nations. -
Assasination of Franz Ferdinand.
Franz and his Wife Sophia were touring though Sarajevo to check on his troops, as they were driving in a car in a parade a Serbian terrorist group called the Black Hand tried killing them by throwing grenades. The first attempt failed, but second attempt was successful. The assassin was Gavrilo Princip. His assassination in Sarajevo precipitated Austria-Hungary's declaration of war against Serbia. This caused the Central Powers (including Germany and Austria-Hungary) and the Allies of World War -
Allies versus the Central Power.
Allies were the countries at war with the Central Powers during World War I. The members of the Triple Entente were the French Republic, the British Empire and the Russian Empire. Italy ended its alliance with the Central Powers and entered the war on the side of the Entente in 1915. Japan, Belgium, Serbia, Greece, Montenegro, Romania and the Czechoslovak legion were secondary members of the Entente.
The Central Powers were one of the two ‘halves’ in World War I, which was made up of Germany, A -
3 main weapons of WW1.
The most effective weapon in the beginning of the war was mustard gas. It killed many soldiers and effected many lives. However, the gas turned out to be ineffective when the allies were equipped with gas masks. Tanks made it easier for forces to move and gain ground without losing many lives and attacking allies powerfully. Machine Guns were mainly used by the soldiers. These guns were the most effective in killing other soldiers and attacking bases. -
Fighting begins.
The Battle of Liège was the opening act of the German invasion of Belgium and the first battle of World War I. The attack began on the 5th of August 1914 and lasted until the 16th of August when the last fort surrendered. The length of the Battle of Liège most likely would’ve delayed the German invasion of France by around a week. -
Trench Warfare
This is the month when the battles went more into the trenches. The trenches were terrible because the conditions were gross, dirty and very unhygienic. Many of the soldiers were diagnosed with trench foot because there was contaminated water in the trenches. Most soldiers had lice and were diagnosed with different kinds of fevers and diseases. -
British Blockade
The purpose of the British blockade was to stop Germany from getting helpful supplies, so they starved their enemies. This blockade ended when the war had finished in 1918. The affect that had was that the German soldiers were getting very hungry and many villages went into major famines. This made it easier for the allies. -
Australia in Gallipoli. Campaign In Broader Context. Part 2
The attack was forced back and then after a brutal eight months of fighting, the land campaign failed. The campaign was one of the greatest Ottoman victories during the war and a major Allied failure. The campaign is often considered as marking the birth of national consciousness in Australia and New Zealand and the date of the landing, 25 April, is known as "Anzac Day". -
Australia in Gallipoli. Key Events. Part 2
. 5 may 1915: The Australians advanced to try and take Krithia. The attack was suspended as they failed. 19 May 1915: The Turks launched an attack to push the ANZACS back to sea. The Turks suffered 13,000 casualties of which 3,000 men were killed. John Simpson Kirkpatrick was killed, whose efforts to evacuate men became legendary amongst the Australians at ANZAC.
4 June 1915: The allies attacked Krithia and Achi Baba again, with approximately 25% casualties on both sides. -
Australia in Gallipoli. Key Events. Part 3
1-5 July: The Ottomans counter attacked the new British line. But failed and lost 10,000 men. August 1915: The August offensive took place with the Allies failing to advance further, it was a failure. 8 January 1916: The last British troops deported Lancashire Landing.The aftermath of this campaign was 113,400 people dead from the Ottoman Empire and the Allies.There was 187,939 people dead in total. 21 Feb – 20 Dec 1916: The French Victory in the Battle of Ver Dun, which had 976,000 casualties. -
Australia in Gallipoli. Australia's Involvement. Part 1
The reason why Australia was involved in the Gallipoli Campaign was because there were artillery guns on the other side of the peninsula that protected the naval base in the Black Sea. By going through Gallipoli to command the high ground overlooking the guns and the mouth of the Black Sea, the allies could keep the axis navy bottled up in the Black Sea. -
Australia in Gallipoli. Australia's Involvement. Part 2
In Gallipoli, Australia was involved in not only trying to capture Turkey, but they were involved in trying to capture cities such as Krithia and Achi Baba under the British empire with the Allies. Australia's involvement did pay a part in all results, wether it was a failure or a success. -
Australia in Gallipoli. Campaign in Broader Context. Part 1
The Gallipoli Campaign was a campaign of World War I that took place on the Gallipoli peninsula in the Ottoman Empire between. It occurred between the 25th of April, 1915, and the 9th of January, 1916. The peninsula forms the northern bank of the Dardanelles. With the intent to secure it, Russia's allies Britain and France launched an attack followed by landing on the peninsula with the aim of capturing the Ottoman capital of Constantinople. -
Australia in Gallipoli. Key Events. Part 1
1st November 1914: Russia declares war on the Ottoman Empire. Germany’s cruiser squadron defeats a Royal Navy squadron. First transport ships carrying the AIF and the NZEF depart for Europe from Albany, Western Australia. 25 April 1915: Allied forces land on Gallipoli marking national consciousness in Australia and New Zealand. 27 April 1915: Mustafa Kermal’s army sought to drive the Anzac back to the beach. With the support of Novel gunfire the Allies held back the Ottomans throughout the night -
Lusitania
The Lusitania was a massive ship used to take people from the US to Great Britain. The reason why this incident was a big deal was because the Germans were controlling the seas with U-Boats. Along with unrestricted submarine warfare, 128 US citizens were killed when the ship was shot by a German U-Boat. -
Great Migration
The Great Migration was the movement of 6 million black people out of the Southern United States to the Northeast, Midwest, and west from 1910 to 1930.The primary factor wrap for migration was the racial climate and widespread violence of lynching in the South. -
Election of 1916.
The 1916 US election was had Woodrow Wilson against Charles E. Hughes competing against each other for the spot, with Wilson eventually winning. Wilson was actually projected to lose the night before the election. After a hard-fought contest, Wilson defeated Hughes by nearly 600,000 votes in the popular vote and secured a narrow Electoral College margin by winning several swing states by razor-thin margins. As a result, Wilson became the first Democratic president since Andrew Jackson. -
Zimmerman Note
The Zimmerman Note was a message from the Germans which was sent to the Mexicans. The message said that the Germans were going to continue to use Unrestricted Submarine Warfare, and the Germans wanted help from the Mexican and Japanese people. If Germany won then the Central Powers would gang up on the US with a 3 sided war, and Mexico could then regain their long lost land. -
America joins the fight.
America joins the war because of Germany sinking ships with American passengers, the Zimmerman note which said that the US was going to be a target. So the US joined to make sure that the war didn't come to America, and they wanted to make sure the Allies won. -
CPI
CPI: Committee on Public Info. Their main job was to provide propaganda to the public to influence what the government wanted. From April 6, 1917 to June 30 1919, it used every medium available to create enthusiasm for the war effort and enlist public support against foreign attempts to undercut America's war aims -
WIB.
War industries Board the main people behind making the war possible with supplies and other war needs. Bernard Baruch, taxes on income and luxury were passed. Bonds were sold. Liberty and Victory bonds netted $21 billion. Bonds and taxes were able to pay for the $30 billion the United States used during the war. However, the bonds also pushed the U.S. government into a larger debt. -
Womens Role
Women were also involved in knitting socks for the soldiers on the front, as well as other voluntary work, but as a matter of survival women had to work for paid employment for the sake of their families. Many women worked as volunteers serving at the Red Cross, encouraged the sale of war bonds or planted "victory gardens". -
Selecive Service Act
The pressure of World War I and the United States' small peacetime army led to the creation of a formalized conscription process for the U.S. military. At the beginning of World War I, the U.S. army consisted of only approximately 100,000 men, far too few to aid allies adequately in the growing conflict overseas. In an effort to increase the size of the army, President Woodrow Wilson pushed Congress to adopt conscription as an official practice, and the Selective Service Act was passed. The act -
Espionage and Sedition acts.
It originally prohibited any attempt to interfere with military operations, to support U.S. enemies during wartime, to promote insubordination in the military, or to interfere with military recruitment. In 1919, the U.S. Supreme Court unanimously ruled in Schenck v. United States that the act did not violate the freedom of speech of those convicted under its provisions. -
Wilson's 14 Point Plan.
The "Fourteen Points" was a statement given on the 8th of January, 1918 by United States President Woodrow Wilson. It stated that he was declaring that World War I was being fought for a moral cause and calling for post-war peace in Europe. Europeans generally welcomed Wilson's intervention, but his main Allied colleagues were doubtful of the applicability of it. -
Armistice
An armistice is a formal agreement of warring parties to stop fighting. It is not necessarily the end of a war, since it might be just a cessation of hostilities while an attempt is made to negotiate a lasting peace. The armistice between the Allies and Germany was the agreement that ended the fighting in Western Europe that comprised the First World War. It went into effect at 11 a.m. on 11 November 1918, and marked a victory for the Allies and a complete defeat for Germany, but it didn’t techn -
Scheck vs. US
Charles Schenck was the Secretary of the Socialist Party of America and was responsible for printing, distributing, and mailing to prospective military draftees during WW1. Schenck vs. the US is a United States Supreme Court decision concerning enforcement of the Espionage Act of 1917 during World War I. A unanimous Supreme Court, in a famous opinion by Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., concluded that defendants who distributed leaflets to draft-age men, urging resistance to induction, could b -
Big 4 in the War.
The Big Four is the top Allied leaders who met at the Paris Peace Conference in January 1919 following the end of World War 1. It is also known as the Council of Four. It was made up of Woodrow Wilson of the United States, David Lloyd George of Britain, Vittorio Orlando of Italy, and Georges Clemenceau of France. -
Final stats of WW1.
Statistics:
• total casualties- 8,538,315
• Total Cost-$125,690,477,000 for allies
• central powers- $186,333,637,000 -
Map
New Countries: Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Czechoslovakia and many little countries in Russia and Ottoman Empire area. -
League of Nations.
It was the first permanent international organization whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. Its primary goals, as stated in its Covenant, included preventing war, and settling international disputes through negotiations. It was promoted by Wilson to make sure there would not be another world war.
