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Period: 1300 to
Renaissance
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1347
Black Death
The Black Death was a plague that had killed around 75-200 million people. The death toll from the Black Death had peaked from 1346-1353 -
1417
Brunelleschi Begins Work on the Florence Cathedral
Brunelleschi has a genius idea to build a dome on the Florence Cathedral. His work goes on to be one of the most influential architectural pieces of the Renaissance. -
1452
Leonardo da Vinci is Born
Leonardo da Vinci is one of the most iconic symbols of the Renaissance. His birth marks a new era for his time. -
1469
Lorenzo de Medici takes power in Florence
The time in which Lorenzo was in power, was considered the high point of the Florentine Renaissance. He was so highly appreciated, he was given the nickname "The Magnificent". -
1498
Leonardo da Vinci Releases The Last Supper
The Last Supper is perhaps Leonardo da Vinci's most famous work. It was admired by all whom viewed it. -
1545
The Catholic Reformation
This was the period of Catholic resurgence initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation. It was supported by Phillip II to show that he would do anything for power and respect. -
Period: 1550 to
Age of Absolutism
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The Spanish Armada
The Spanish Armada was a Spanish fleet of 130 ships that sailed from La Coruña. Under the command of the Duke of Medina Sidonia, with the purpose of the Armada was to escort an army of Flanders to invade England. -
Phillip II Loses Power
When Mary of England died, Phillip II lost his power over England. He tried to gain it back, but inevitably failed because he could not gain back his land. -
Charles I is Executed
After going to trial, Charles I was named a “tyrant, traitor, murderer, and public enemy.” He was beheaded in front of his people of England, which he was ruling at the time. -
Period: to
Enlightenment
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Locke Publishes “Two Treatises on Government”
Locke beloved that no government can be justified by an appeal to the divine right of kings. The Second Treatise outlines a theory of civil society. -
The Steam Engine is Invented
Thomas Newcomen invents the 1st steam engine. This sparks the beginning of the Industrial Revolution -
Period: to
Industrial Revolution
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St. Petersburg is Built
Located on a swamp shore near the Baltic coast, the capital of Russia is built. It stayed the capital for 200 years. -
Hume published “Treaties on Human Nature”
The “Treatise of Human Nature” is considered by many to be Hume's most important work. It is named to be one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy. -
Diderot Publishes “The Encyclopedia”
Diderot was highly respected for this work. It is considered the most important work of his entire life. -
Period: to
American Revolution
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Battle of Lexington and Concord Starts the War
Lexington and Concord was the first battleground of the American Revolution. This battle is home to “The shot heard around the world” which was the first shot fired in the war. It is unknown who fired the first shot. -
America Declares Independence
The Decleration of Independence is adopted by the 2nd continental congress. King George III is unhappy and is not willing to let them go without a fight. -
Big American Victory at Saratoga
The British defeat at Saratoga led to the surrender of 6,000 British regulars. This American victory inspired the French to help the Americans in their battle for independence. -
British Victoy at Charleston
The British captured a large patriot army after the victory at Charleston. Gaining control of Charleston was part of a bigger British strategy to hang on to the south. -
The Treaty of Paris Officialy Ends the American Revolution
The Treaty of Paris ratifies the independence of the 13 states of Northern America. The British maintained control of the Canadian province, and it began development as a U.S. neighbor. -
Period: to
French Revolution
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The National Assembly
The 3rd estate had been ignored and treated as inferior for as long as they could remember. After being fed up, the 3rd estate declared itself as the "Assembly of the Nation". -
The Tennis Court Oath
The Tennis Court Oath was formed by the National Assembly. It was an oath that stated that they would not stop until they got what they wanted. -
Assembly Issues "Declaration of the Rights of Man"
The national assembly knew what it was like to be treated as the worst. They issued the Declaration to give equality to all people. -
Olympe de Gouges published a Declaration of the Rights of Woman
Olympe de Gouges was a French activist, feminist, and playwright. By writing this Olympe de Gouges hoped to expose the failures of the French Revolution in the recognition of sexual equality. -
Thomas Payne’s “Rights of Man” is Published
This paper explains a list of rights, such as freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of assembly and separation of powers. This is known to be one of the most influential papers of the French Revolution. -
National Convention
The National Convention was a demand from the National Assembly. It was a place to sit and make a new constitution for France. -
Reign of Terror
During the Reign of Terror, people perceived to be against the Revolution were publicly executed by guillotine. There were 16,594 official death sentences in France, of which 2,639 were in Paris. -
Italian Campaign
Napoleon takes over the "Army of Italy". This was his first major victory. -
Period: to
Napoleonic Era
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Napoleon Takes Place as Emperor
Napoleon begins his empire by claiming power. He has many followers after his battle at Piedmont. -
Battle of Austerlitz
Napoleon defeats the 3rd Coalition. This is viewed as one of his most brilliant battles. -
Napoleon is Abdicated for the 1st Time
He was exiled to the Mediterranean island of Elba. At Elba, Napoleon was granted sovereignty and even had his own navy. -
Napoleon Loses his Last Battle
Without the support at home, Napoleon is defeated at Waterloo. He fled to Fontainebleau. -
Alexander Graham Bell Patents the Telephone
Alexander Bell was the first person to patent the telephone, although he did not invent it.This was one of the biggest inventions of the time. -
Thomas Edison Improves the Light bulb
Thomas Edison discovered something that is now used all around the world. His light bulb was made to be the most efficient, which it was, leading to it being used by billions of people today. -
The Brooklyn Bridge Opens
After 13 years of construction, the Brooklyn Bridge finally opened to the public. It was the largest suspension bridge in the world at the time. -
Orville Wright Makes the 1st Powered Airplane Flight.
Using an engine they created, the Wright brothers invented the 1st airplane not powered by wind.The 1st flight was 12 seconds over a beach in North Carolina.
