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BACKGROUND OF THE WAR
In 1909, the Rif people (Moroccan tribe found in the Rif mountains), attacked some Spanish miners in the Rif iron mines, territory of this tribe. This made the Spanish troops go to Morocco, to establish peace in violent territories, such as Yebala and Larrache, this process lasted between 1911-1919.
In 1912, after the Treaty of Fez, Morocco was protected by Spain and France. This originated a repression by the Rifeños against the Spanish, which lasted for years. Until 1921 when the war started. -
CREATION OF THE SPANISH LEGION
The creation of an organized military body that replaced the voluntary and/or recruited forces: the Spanish Legion, modeled on the French Foreign Legion. His bosses were Francisco Franco and José Millán-Astray. This legion was stablis in Melilla the same night in which they arrived they killed two civilians, and they were too strict. -
THE BEGINNING OF THE WAR
The Spanish got Sidi-Ris and Annual, after their pacification march.
Abdel El-Krim (leader of the Rif), began to attack Sidi-Ris, heading to Annual with the help of other tribes.
First they attacked Igueben, then they headed towards Annual, where there was a withdrawal by General Fernandez Silvestre, directing the Spaniards towards Melilla. On the way, the local policemen who were supposed to protect them attacked the Spanish, thus facilitating the Rifeños, leaving 687 Spanish corpses in Annual -
RIFT REPUBLIC
After the victory of the Rif people, in the Battle of Annual, leaving 10,000 Spaniards dead.
Abdel-Krim (leader of the Rif), convened a general congress to establish the freedom of the Rif. As a result, Abdel-Krim was appointed emir (Arab leader) and a National Congress of Notables was constituted, a debt was also established that the Spaniards had to pay to the Rif people, due to the military occupation, finally they wanted to establish a friendly relationship with the other states. -
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THE TAKING OF THE LOST TERRITORIES BY THE SPANISH
After the disaster of Annual, the Spanish decided to reoccupy the territories that had been taken from them.
They began with the conquest of Sebt, this meant the escape of Abdel who was there. Then they reached the airfield and the Alcazaba of Zeluan, achieving the same position it had in 1909. In the house "La Ina", more than 200 Spanish corpses were found, tortured and massacred, among the dead were found Captain Carrasco and of Lieutenant Fernandez. -
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TROP ADVANCES TO KERT (Now the goal was to recover the 1913 line and reach the Kert River. )
When they arrived at Mount Arruit they found more than 3,000 rotting corpses (Because the Annual battle). When they reach Yazanen and Typhasor (Nov. 11) Abdel is forced to retreat to the central rift. (1st Dec.) Sanjuro's troops arrive at Kadur (21 Dec.) got Batel and Tistutin. The Spaniards crossed the Kert again with the help of the Melilla squadrons and chain planes, something that was done for the first time in history. For finishing they released the general Berenguer by Ricardo Burguete. -
FRANCE ENTER TO THE WAR (Battle of Uarga)
The battle of Ouarga was caused by the attack of 8,000 men of Abdel-El-Krim on the Ouarga line to cut off communications between the French zone of the Moroccan protectorate and Algeria. Although the French were prepared, they were attacked leaving 2,000 dead and more than 3,000 wounded. Giving the victory to the Rif people who. This caused the entry of France into the war and the military support towards the Spanish. -
LANDING OF ALHUCEMAS
n Alhucemas, a hostile territory controlled by the Rif people of Abd el-Krim. 13,000 Spanish soldiers landed, along with the support of the French army. This operation was directed by Miguel Primo de Rivera (military dictator at the time) and General José Sanjurjo. Tanks were used for the first time in a landing and Colonel Franco intervened with his legionary forces in landing on Cebadilla beach. Abd el-Krim and his capital Axdir were successfully surrounded. This was the end of the War. -
DISSOLUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE RIF
The republic was dissolved by the Franco-Spanish military coalition, after the failure of the Oujda Peace Conference that same year. -
THE END OF THE WAR
The landing at Alhucemas was a complete success and in 1926 allowed the last operations to be launched to control Beni Urriaguel. It all ended with the delivery of the Abd el-Krim to the French for fear of the judgment of the Spanish. He was deported by the French to the island of Réunion, in the Indian Ocean.