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Oct 23, 1491
Ignacio de Loyola
Ignacio de Loyola was a Spanish knight from a local Basque noble family, hermit, priest since 1537, and theologian, who founded the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) and, on 19 April 1541, became its first Superior General.Ignacio emerged as a religious leader during the Counter-Reformation. Loyola's devotion to the Catholic Church was characterized by absolute obedience to the Pope. -
Jan 1, 1539
Jesuits
The Jesuits are a religious order of the Catholic Church founded in 1539 by San Ignacio de Loyola, The expulsion of the Jesuits from Spain in 1767 was ordered by King Charles III on charges of being the instigators of the popular riots of the previous year, known by the name of Esquilache riots. -
Isabel Farnese of Parma's birth
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Philp V, Reign
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Philip V
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Decretos de Nueva Planta
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Pragmatic Sanction 1/2
In 1713 Emperor Charles VI issued an edict declaring the indivisibility of all Habsburg lands and that the succession was henceforth to be in the direct line, in particular that Charles’s daughters were placed before those of his father and brother in the line of succession. After Charles’s death in 1740 Maria Theresa duly succeeded to the throne, but a number of rulers rejected her claim, leading to the War of the Austrian Succession. -
Pragmatic sanction 2/2
The Pragmatic Sanction was finally accorded general recognition at the Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1748. -
Louis I's reign
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Louis I
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Floridablanca
It was a Spanish politician who served as Secretary of State between 1777 and 1792 and presided over the Supreme Central Board established in 1808.Together with Campomanes, it will be one of the defenders of the expulsion of the Jesuits and began a series of records that examines the relationship of the monarchy with the Church -
First family compact
Frnce backed Spain's right to recover possesions in Italy in return for Spain's support in the War of the Polish succession. -
Second family compact
In support of France's involvement with the Austrian War of Succession, resulted in the installation of Charles's yonger brother Philip as duke of Parma and Piacenza in 1748. -
Jovellanos
Jovellanos was the big man of the Spanish enlightenment. He had been appointed Minister of grace and justice and was at the height of his political career. It subsequently started its decline, it was prosecuted by the Inquisition and even imprisoned. His relationship with Goya must have been very close, admiring his work and sharing both the interest in the painting by Velázquez. -
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Francisco Goya
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Philip V Death
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Ferdinand VI's reign
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Ferdinand VI
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Canal de Castilla
The Canal de Castilla is one of the most relevant projects of civil engineering of Spain shown, the main purpose of its construction was to serve as waterway transport and communication that you resolve the problem of isolation to which it was subjected the Leonese and Castilian Plateau. -
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Seven years war
The Seven Years' War essentially comprised two struggles. One centered on the maritime and colonial conflict between Britain and its Bourbon enemies, France and Spain; the second, on the conflict between Frederick II (the Great) of Prussia and his opponents: Austria, France, Russia, and Sweden. Britain gained control of French Canada and Acadia,The Seven Years' War nearly doubled Britain's national debt. -
Ferdinand VI's end of reign
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Charles III's reign
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Charles III
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The third family compact
The Seven years war involved a wide-ragigngbattle between Britainand France for colonial supremacy, and Austrian and Prussian conflicts over domination of German lands. -
Treaty of Paris
Spain would retain Cuba in exchange for handing Florida over to Great Britain.Spanish and French negotiators also signed the Treaty of San Ildefonso at the same time, which confirmed the cession of French Louisiana to Spain. -
Esquilache riots
Leopoldo de Gregorio, Marquis of Esquilache was an Italian statesman who acted as minister of Charles III of Spain.Esquilache riots forced that would use in Madrid long coat and wide-brimmed hat to keep public order. A very logical measure to avoid the anonymity of offenders. But he failed in putting this rule because people was hungry and was angry, and the thing ended up in a riot. However, wide-brimmed hats and long coats ended up disappearing local fashion. -
Isabel Farnese of Parma's death
She wanted to crown his sons in order to avoid conspiracy from france, so she made Charles III king of Two Sicilies and king
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Manuel de Godoy
Manuel de Godoy y Alvarez de Faria belonged to an Extremaduran family.On November 15, 1792, eight years after his revenue in the Guard of Corps, Manuel Godoy was raised supervised by the first secretary of State or of the Office, that is to say, prime minister or the universal secretary, for the new sovereign Carlos IV, who since it rose to the throne in 1788 had not stopped filling him with honors: cadet, general assistant of the Guard of Corps, brigadier, field marshall and master sergeant of -
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Royal tapestry
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''El Quitasol''
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''Caprichos''
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Painter of Charles III
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Charles III's end of reign
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Charles IV's reign
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Charles IV
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Zumalacarregui
Tomás de Zumalacárregui and Imaz was a Spanish military officer who became a Carlist general during the First Carlist War.At the beginning of the war of independence, in 1808, he enlisted at Zaragoza, where he participated in the first siege of the city. He also took part in the battle of Tudela and Zaragoza's second site. -
''La Gallina Ciega'' (Goya)
''La Gallina Ciega'' ) is one of the Rococo oil-on-linen cartoons produced by the Spanish artist Francisco de Goya for tapestries for the Royal Palace of El Pardo. The work shows boys and girls playing the popular pastime "blind man's buff" with one figure in the middle gagged and holding a large spoon while trying to entice others dancing around him in a circle. -
Goya's deaf
He got ill and, becuase of this illness, he became deaf -
War of the Pyrenees
This war was between Spain and France.The Treaty of the Pyrenees was signed by spanish and frech crowns 7 november 1659. In the North border, France received the County of Artois and a number of strongholds in Flanders, Hainaut and Luxembourg, which included Metz, Toul and Verdun. The French returned to Spain the Charolais - Franco County - and the conquests of Italy. The transfer to France of Roussillon, Conflent, Vallespir and a part of the Cerdanya, was concluded in the Catalan South border, -
Execution of Louis XVI
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Portrait of Goya
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Charles IV's family
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Spanish defeat at Trafalgar
Trafalgar's battle took place in Cadiz facing British fleet against Franco-Spanish fleet.
More than 5.000 people died in that battle and Spanish were defeated. -
Treaty of Fontainebleau
The Treaty of Fontainebleau was a political agreement that was signed between Napoleon Bonaparte of France and Charles IV of Spain.It was agreed that Portugal and all Portuguese dominions were to be divided between the signatories. -
Napoleonic troops in Sapin
They stayed in Spain from 1808 to 1814 -
Independence war (Desastres de la Guerra)
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Charles IV's end of reign
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Ferdinand VII's reign
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Ferdinand VII
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Events of 2nd May 1808
The Raising of May, two, happened in 1808, is the name for which there know the facts happened in Madrid (Spain) that day, arisen by the popular protest before the situation of political uncertainty generated after Aranjuez's Riot. Suppressed the protest for the Napoleonic present forces in the city, spread all over the country a wave of proclamations of indignation and public calls to the armed insurrection that they would end in the War of Spanish Independence. -
Abdication of Bayonne
The abdications of Bayonne, which took place on May 5, 1808 in Marracq's castle of the French city of Bayonne, it is the name by which there are known the successive resignations of the kings Carlos IV and his son Fernando VII to the throne of Spain in favor of Napoleon Bonaparte, who later would yield the rights to his brother Jose Bonaparte, who would reign with the name of Jose I.The abdications of Bayonne, which took place on May 5, 1808 in Marracq's castle of the French city of Bayonne, it -
Ferdinand VII's end of reign
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Joseph I's reign
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Joseph I
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Spanish American wars of independence
The Spanish American wars of independence were the numerous wars against Spanish rule in Spanish America that took place during the early 19th century, after the French invasion of Spain during Europe's Napoleonic Wars. The conflict started with short-lived governing juntas established in Chuquisaca and Quito opposing the composition of the Supreme Central Junta of Seville. When the Central Junta fell to the French invasion, numerous new juntas appeared across the Spanish domains in the Americas -
''El Coloso'' Goya
It is a painting traditionally attributed to Francisco de Goya that shows a giant in the centre of the mountains walking towards the left hand side of the picture. Mountains obscure his legs up to his thighs and clouds surround his body; the giant appears to be adopting an aggressive posture as he is holding one of his fists up at shoulder height. A dark valley containing a crowd of people and herds of cattle fleeing in all directions occupies the lower third of the painting. -
Casa de Locos (Goya)
1812-1819. ''La Casa de Locos'' is an oil-on-panel painting by Francisco de Goya.It shows a mental asylum, with its inhabitants in many different poses. Marked by Piranesian and claustrophobic architecture, the painting's only light source is a barred window high up on the wall, clearly meant to repress the figures below. -
Constitution of 1812 (7th constitution)
The Constitution of Cadiz, approved on March 19, 1812, festivity of San Jose, known because of it like Pepa, is the first properly Spanish Constitution, since the Statute of Bayonne of 1808 did not stop being a " Letter granted " marked by the Napoleonic stamp. I.The Constitution of Cadiz, approved on March 19, 1812, festivity of San Jose, known because of it like Pepa, is the first properly Spanish Constitution, since the Statute of Bayonne of 1808 did not stop being a " Letter granted " marked -
Joseph I's end of reign
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Ferdinand VII's reign (restored)
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Absolutist period for Ferdinand VII
Fernando VII recovered the crown for the Agreement of Valençay (1813) and returned to Spain in March, 1814.The monarch encouraged by the support of the army and the enthusiasm with which it was received by the people, which was calling him The Wished one, published the Decree of May 4
that supressed stroke of the pen the work of the Spanish Parliament of Cadiz and it came back to the Former Regime. -
Black Paintings
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Estanislao Figueras
He studied law and began a distinguished career as a lawyer. With its capacity for rhetoric, he quickly noted as a journalist, in addition to starting his political career. Initially joined the ranks of the Partido Progresista, then became one of the founders of the Partido Democrata. He was one of the leading activists of the revolution of 1848. -
Riego's pronunciamiento
Riego's pronunciamiento was a coup d'etat from progressive militars headed by Riego in Cabezas de San Juan. Riego issued a proclamation that promulgates the Spanish Liberal Constitution of 1812: -
Riego's pronunciamiento quotation
" Las órdenes de un rey ingrato que asfixiaba a su pueblo con onerosos impuestos , intentaba además llevar a miles de jóvenes a una guerra estéril , sumiendo en la miseria y en el luto a sus familias. Ante esta situación he resuelto negar obediencia a esa inicua orden y declarar la constitución de 1812 como válida para salvar la Patria y para apaciguar a nuestros hermanos de América y hacer felices a nuestros compatriotas. ¡Viva la Constitución!" -
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Francisco Pi y Margall
he was a liberal Catalan statesman and romanticist writer. On Figueras's resignation on 11 June, Pi was named president. Pi presented to the Cortes an ambitious plan of reform, including a law formalizing a stricter separation of church and state, the reorganization of the army, reduction of the working day to eight hours, regulation of child labor, enhancements to the relationship between business and labor and new laws regarding the autonomy of the regions of Spain. -
Emilio Castelar
Emilio Castelar y Ripoll was a Spanish politician and writer, he was the president of the Executive Power of the First Spanish Republic. -
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Regencies for Isabella II
During the years in which it was considered minor to Isabel II, the responsibility of the Crown was taken by the Regency of his mother María Cristina (1833-1840) and, after the revolutionary riots of 1840, by general Espartero (1840-1843). It's a decade politically dominated by the question of carlism and the alternation in the Government of progressive and moderate, in a climate of political instability exacerbated by the continuous military pronouncements. -
Ferdinand VII's end of reign
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Isabel II's reign
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First Carlist War
The First Carlist War was a civil war in Spain from 1833 to 1839, fought between factions over the succession to the throne and the nature of the Spanish monarchy. It was fought between supporters of the regent, Maria Christina, acting for Isabella II of Spain, and those of the late king's brother, Carlos de Borbón (or Carlos V). The Carlists supported return to an absolute monarchy. -
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Isabel II
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Nicolás Salmerón
Nicolás Salmerón Alonso was a philosopher and a politician, he was the 3rd president of the first Spanish Republic for one month.When the revolution of September 1868 broke out, he was at Almería recovering from a serious illness. Salmerón was compelled to use the troops to restore order. When, however, he found that the generals insisted on executing rebels taken in arms, he resigned on the ground that he was opposed to capital punishment. -
Second Carlist War
Was a short civil war fought primarily in Catalonia by the Carlists under General Ramón Cabrera against the forces of the government of Isabella II. The uprising began in September 1846 and continued until May 1849, spreading to Galicia. -
Glorious Revolution
It took place in Spain in 1868, resulting in the deposition of Queen Isabella II. Leaders of the revolution eventually recruited an Italian prince, Amadeo of Savoy, as king. His reign lasted two years, and he was replaced by the first Spanish Republic. That also lasted two years, until leaders in 1875 proclaimed Isabella's son, as King Alfonso XII in the Bourbon Restoration. -
Isabel II's end of reign
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Amadeus of Savoy's reign
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Amadeus of Savoy
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Juan Prim
Juan Prim y Prats Marquis of Los Castillejos was a Spanish general and statesman. Prim was the son of lieutenant colonel Pablo Prim. He entered the free corps known as the volunteers of Isabella II in 1834, and in the course of the Carlist War he rose to the rank of lieutenant-colonel and had two orders of knighthood conferred upon him. He died strangled in Madrid in his residence of Buenavista's palace, in the headquarters of the Department of the war, he was killed. -
Third Carlist War
187-1876.During this conflict, Carlist forces managed to occupy several towns in the interior of Spain, the most important ones being La Seu d'Urgell and Estella in Navarre. Isabella II was in exile, and Amadeo I, proclaimed king in 1870, was not very popular.The Carlist pretender, tried to earn the support of those areas with more region-specific customs and former laws. The Carlists proclaimed the restoration of Catalonian, Valencian and Aragonese fueros (charters) -
Amadeus of Savoy's end of reign
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Estanislao Figueras
First president in the First Republic of Spain -
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Francisco Pi y Margall
Second president of the First Republic of Spain -
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Nicolas Salmeron
Third president of the Republic of Spain -
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Emilio Castelar
Forth president of the First Republic of Spain -
Restoration of Spain
The Restoration was the period that began on 29 December 1874 after the First Spanish Republic ended with the restoration of the monarchy under Alfonso XII after a coup d'état and ended on 14 April 1931 with the proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic.After almost a whole century of political instability and many civil wars, the aim of the Restoration was to create a new political system, which ensured stability by the practice of turnismo. This was achieved by electoral fraud.
