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Newborn: Physical Development (Characteristics & Features)
-Body is not proportionate. Head is 1/4 total length of body, legs are short compared to arms.
-Have thin, dry skin. Loose skin on feet and scalp, also very wrinkly.
-Broad flat nose, tiny jaw and chin. Helps for sucking. -
Newborn: Physical Development (Reflexes & Motor Skills)
-Rely on reflexes such as the startle, grip, and suck reflexes.
-Keep hands in fists, and start to learn to open them at rest.
-Attempt to lift head & push up themselves from lying down. -
Newborn: Social-Emotional Development
-Begin smiling on purpose.
-Make gurgling sounds when content or happy.
-Begin to calm themselves by sucking on hands. -
Infant: Physical Development (Characteristics & Features)
-Will start teething.
-Arms and legs grow to look less disproportionate.
-Face will lose fat and become more angular and better defined over time. -
Infant: Physical Development (Motor Skills)
-Try to stand alone without help (still with bad balance).
-Precisely pick up objects with thumb and forefinger.
-Can walk with help (holding hands). -
Infant: Intellectual Development
-Follow easy 1 step commends (Give me the ball).
-Watch and imitate older kids and adults.
-Repeat behaviors that get a desired result (Drop toy so you pick it up). -
Infant: Social-Emotional Development
-Play social games (Peekaboo and Patty-cake).
-Cries when caregiver leaves room/sight.
-Feels proud after gaining a new skill (Standing or Walking). -
Toddler: Physical Development (Characteristics & Features)
-Legs and body grow longer to look more proportionate.
-Arms and thighs become more slender while face becomes less round.
-Muscle tone increases throughout the body and posture becomes more erect. -
Toddler: Physical Development (Motor Skills)
-Can catch and throw a ball without losing balance (w/o accuracy).
-Point at objects of interest and raise arms to be picked up.
-Coordinate movements needed to play/explore (walk on uneven surfaces). -
Toddler: Intellectual Development
-Name objects and pictures.
-Use 2-3 word phrases and understand about 50% of speech from caregiver.
-Follow 2 step instructions, talk clearer, and understand questions. -
Toddler: Social-Emotional Development
-Able to hold eye-contact with those that are interacting with them.
-Cries and notices when they are hurt (can be soothed).
-Able to transition to new environments or activities (can be separated from parents more). -
Preschooler: Physical Development (Characteristics & Features)
-Vision reaches 20/20.
-Gains height and weight (look skinny and fragile, start filling out with muscle).
-Face becomes longer and distinct (skull lengthens, pronounced lower jaw, widened upper jaw for adult teeth). -
Preschooler: Physical Development (Motor Skills)
-Able to hop, swing, balance, and do somersaults.
-Can roughly draw people, shapes, some letters, and use scissors.
-Better coordination (arms, legs, and body work together). -
Preschooler: Intellectual Development
-Use their imagination while playing.
-Build a strong vocabulary of about 2,500 words at 5 yrs old, and use 5+ word phrases).
-Name colors and understand counting (and eventually time). -
Preschooler: Social-Emotional Development
-Know what they feel and begin to manage it. (still have temper tantrums).
-Know others have feelings and express empathy and care.
-Grow more independent and want responsibilities. -
School-Age: Physical Development (Characteristics & Features)
-Gain their adult teeth.
-Most become stronger and leaner, some obesity may be an issue.
-May begin going through puberty. -
School-Age: Physical Development (Motor Skills)
-Begin riding bike without training wheels.
-Kick and throw a ball with accuracy.
-Demonstrate right handed or left handed preference. -
School-Age: Intellectual Development
-Can understand commands with 3+ separate instructions.
-Can explain objects and their use.
-Can read age-appropriate books/materials. -
School-Age: Social-Emotional Development
-Forms their own social circles and opinions of others.
-Gains more interest in the opposite gender.
-Cooperates and shares (still copies adults).
