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Brown vs. The Board of Education
Five court cases; Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Briggs v. Elliot, Davis v. Board of Education of Prince Edward County (VA.), Bolling v. Sharpe, and Gebhart v. Ethel. These Cases are consolidated under the name Brown vs The Board of Education. Chief Justice Warren states the opinion of the Supreme Court that segregation has no place in public schools. (Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts on behalf of the Federal Judiciary, 2018) Photo (A&E Television Networks, 2018) -
Training of Professional Personnel Act
Training of Professional Personnel Act aided leaders in teaching children with cognitive disabilities. (Office of Special Education Programs, 2018) photo (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2018) -
Teachers of the Deaf Act of 1961
The Teacher of the Deaf Act of 1961 helped implement training for personnel to teach the deaf and the hard of hearing (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2018). Photo (University of Texas Arlington, 2018) -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act and the State Schools Act
These two acts provide grant funds to state for the education of children who have disabilities (Office of Special Education Programs, 2018). Photo (Leaf Group, 2017) -
Handicapped Children’s Early Education Assistance Act of 1968
Led to the installation of 75 to 100 programs to assist in the education of children with disabilities of the preschool age (Secretary's Committee on Mental Retardation , 1968). Photo (University of Texas Arlington, 2018) -
PARC v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania 1971
Pennsylvania Association of Retarded Children sues the state of Pennsylvania over a law that allows school to deny school attendance for children who have disabilities that are considered to burdensome (Li, 2013). Photo (Lawyer Monthly, 2017) -
Mills v. Board of Education
Mills v. Board of Education expanded upon PARC v. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania to include denial based on diminishing financial resources. It was ruled that if sufficient financial resources were not available then what resources were available must be spent in such a way that no student is denied education (Disability Justice, 2018). Photo (University of Texas Arlington, 2018) -
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973
According to The National Association of the Deaf, "The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 is the federal law that authorizes the formula grant programs for vocational rehabilitation, supported employment, independent living, and client assistance." This Act also does not allow any agency or organization to discriminate against any individual based on their disability as per section 504 (National Association of the Deaf, 2018). Photo (U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, 2011) -
IDEA 1977
IDEA is implemented focusing on four outcomes: equality of opportunity, full participation, independent living, economic self-sufficiency (Turnbull, Turnbull, Wehmeyer, & Shogren, 2016). Photo (cielo24, 2018) -
No Child Left Behind Act 2002
Installed in 2002, No Child Left Behind Act focused on four tenets: Accountability, Flexibility, Research based education, Parent options (Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction, 2011).
