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Diability in the US from the beginning
Founding Father, Stephen Hopkins, a man with -
Institution for the Blind
After seeing a group of blind men being cruelly exhibited in a Paris sideshow, Valentin Huay, known as the "father and apostle of the blind," establishes the Institution for Blind Children. -
First Medical Classification of Mental Disorders
Phillipe Pinel develops a four part medical classification for metal illness
Melancholy
dementia
mania without delirium
mania with delirium -
Education for Mentally Disabled
Jean-Marc Gaspard Itard -
McLean Asylum for the Insane
First ever patient admitted to Massachusetts General Hospital -
Eugenics Sterilization
Eugenic Sterilization Law Spreads Like Wildfire
Indiana becomes the first state to enact a eugenic sterilization law—for "confirmed idiots, imbeciles and rapists"—in state institutions. The law spreads like wildfire and is enacted in 24 other states. -
The killing continues: Compulsory Sterilization Ruled Constitutional
The Supreme Court rules in Buck v. Bell that the compulsory sterilization of mental defectives such as Carrie S. Buck, a young Virginia woman, is constitutional under "careful" state safeguards. Perhaps unbelievably, this ruling has never been overturned. -
Social Security Benefits
Signing of the Social Security Act
President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signs the Social Security Act, establishing a program of permanent assistance to adults with disabilities. -
Federal Money Set Aside for Disability Support
The Mental Retardation Facilities and Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act of 1963 passes. The act sets aside money for developing State Developmental Disabilities Councils, Protection and Advocacy Systems, and University Centers. In 1984 it is renamed the Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act. -
Medicaid provides aid for youth and disabled adults
Title XIX (19) of the Social Security Act creates a cooperative federal/state entitlement program, known as Medicaid, that pays medical costs for certain individuals with disabilities and families with low incomes. -
Public Entities Cannot descriminate
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 makes it illegal for federal agencies, public universities, and other public institutions receiving any federal funds to discriminate on the basis of disability. -
"Ugly Laws"
The last "Ugly Law" is repealed in Chicago, Illinois, in 1974. These laws allowed police to arrest and jail people with "apparent" disabilities for no reason other than being disfigured or demonstrating some type of disability. -
Free, public education for all disabled children
The Education for Handicapped Children Act of 1975—now called the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)&mdashis signed into law. It guarantees a free, appropriate, public education for all children with disabilities in the least restrictive environment. -
Natitonal Council on Disability
The NCD is established as an advisory board within the Department of Education. Its purpose is to promote policies, programs, practices, and procedures that guarantee equal opportunity for all people with disabilities, regardless of the nature or severity of the disability, and to empower them to achieve economic self-sufficiency, independent living, and inclusion and integration into all aspects of society. -
Diagnostic Criteria for Attention Deficit Disorder
The term Attention Deficit Disorder is included for the first time in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA).
http://www.ncld-youth.info/index.php?id=61 -
First special education case - US Supreme Court
The Board of Education of Hendrick Hudson Central School District vs. Rowley.
This is is the most significant court case concerning the interpretation of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act.
The court ruled that the students who qualify for special education services must have access to public school programs that meet their needs, and that the programs must be supported by services that enable students to benefit from instruction. -
Irving Independent School District v. Tatro
The Supreme Court addressed the issue of related services. A student, Amber, was denied by the school system, the accommodation of having someone accompany her to the bathroom to assist with cauterization once daily. The Supreme Court established: when (1) a service is necessary or the student will otherwise be barred from receiving and appropriate education and (2) the service can be provided by someone with less training than a physician, than the school must provide the service. -
1986 Amendments - Preschool and Infant/Toddler Programs
These acts added early intervention services for 3 to 5, with incentive programs for younger children with disabilities. This act also included the following.
-To extend the guarantee to a Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) to children with disabilities, ages 3-5.
-To establish Early Intervention Programs (EIP) for infants and toddlers with disabilities, ages 0-2
-To develop an Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP) for each family with an infant/toddler with disabilities -
Education of the Deaf Act of 1986
A bill to authorize quality educational programs for deaf individuals, to foster improved educational programs for deaf individuals throughout the United States, to reenact and codify certain provisions of law relating to the education of the deaf, and for other purposes. -
Daniel R.R. V. State Board of Education
This court case included a student with Down's Syndrome that was denied by the school system placement in the regular education classroom because of his disability.
The school district felt that the student would not benefit from being in the general education classroom. As a result of this case, schools must determine if placement in the regular classroom, with supplementary devices/services, could be achieved satisfactorily. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
The Education for All Handicapped Children Act was renamed in 1990 to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), which called for several changes in the old law. -
Changes Made in 1990
The IDEA emphasized on the inclusion of children with disabilities into regular classes and also focused on the rights of the parents to be involved in the educational decisions affecting their child. -
Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)
Requires the child, to the maximum extent appropriate, to be educated with children without disabilities -- in the same class s/he would have been but for the disability. -
The Individuals with Disablities Act Amendments of 1997
The LRE was extended to review, strengthen, and improve IDEA to better educate disabled children. -
IDEA Reauthorized
The re-authorization called for students with disabilities to be included on state and district-wide assessments and promoted teachers to become a member of the Individualized Education Plan. -
No Child Left Behind Act
The No Child Left Behind Act was signed into law by President George W. Bush and held schools responsible for the academic progress of all students including those with disabilities or that required special education services. -
Arlington Central School District Board of Education v. Murphy
This case reaffirmed that the school board must pay for private schooling for students with disabilities to be in accordance with IDEA. -
American with Disabilities Act Amendments of 2008
Revised the definition of “disability” to more broadly encompass impairments that substantially limit a major life activity. -
More Assistive Technology!
More and more technology is being used for students to communicate effectively in the classroom.
