-
1937 BCE
Bombing of Gernika
The war then moved to the Cantrabian coast and involved harsh battles, as reflected by the bombing of Gernika by the German air force´s Cordon Lengio on 26 April 1937 -
1931 BCE
Proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic
Alfonso XIII tried to go back to the parlimentary system, firts with the goverment og General Dámaso Berenguer and later with Admiral Aznar. However, the citizens´ disapproval of the king´s support for the dictatorship led to a significant Republican victories in the 1931 municipal elections for several mayor cities. The king went to exilie on 14 of April 1931 and the Second Spanish Republic was declared -
Period: 1923 BCE to 1930 BCE
Dictatorship of Primo de Rivera
The dictatorship of Primo de Rivera went througth two states, which had two different governments:
-The military Directory (1923-1925): Primo Rivera suspended the constitution, prohibited political parties, suppresed the labour movements and defeated the Morrocans
-The Civil Directory (1925-1930): The military victory in Morroco and the economic boom of the 1920s helped him matained the power until 1930.
In 1930, due to the 1929 economic crisis, Primo de Rivera was forced to resing -
Period: 1875 BCE to 1885 BCE
Reign of Alfonso XII (1875-1895)
In 1875 the monarchy was restored under Alfonso XII of Bourboun.
His reing lasted 10 years until the date of his death, on November 25, 1885. -
Sandhurst Manifiesto
-Through the political manoeuvring of Antonio Cánovas del Castillo. the leader of the future Conservative Party, wich helped achive Queen Isabela II´s abdication in favour of her son Alfonso XII, the support of the bourgeoise and the army, anxious for political stability. On 1 December 1874, Cánovas wrote a manifiesto, signed in Sandhurst, where he promised a constitutional goverment -
PSOE is founded (1879)
The Spanish Socialist Workers´ Party (PSOE) was founded by Pablo Iglesias in 1879 and was consolidated by the huge surge in the labour movement during this period -
Period: to
Regency of María Christina (1885-1902)
After de death of Alfonso XII in 1885, the Restaurantion was mainteined by the regency of Maria Christina -
Bases de Manresa
Catalan nationalism demanded official status for the Catalan language, the establishment of Catalan political parties and courts, and Catalan autonomy. In 1892, its proposals were declared in the Bases de Manresa, written by Prad de la Riba -
Teatry of Paris (1898)
War erupted in the Pacific (the Philippines) and the Atlanic (Cuba and Puerto Rico). In both conflicts, Spanish fleets were destroyed by the US. Spain was forced to sing the 1898 Treatry Of Paris, where they recognised the independence of Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines. -
Period: to
Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902-1917)
Alfonso XIII acceded to the throne in 1902 in the political environment characterised by the crisis of Cánovas del Castillo´s politycal system, the influence of regenerationism and the death of Cánovas (1897) and Sagasta (1903). When studying his reing, historians usually look at two stages, divided by the crisis of 1917 -
Tragic week of 1909
Spanish occupation of its protectorate led to a war with the inhabitants of the Rif; a war that in 1909 required reservists to be called up, tha majority of whom were fathers. This set off violent protest in Barcelona, which became known as the Tragic week of 1909. -
Disaster of Annual (1921)
Abroad, Spain suffered a brutal defeat in the Rif War against Morroco in what was known as the Disaster of Annual, resulting in 10.000 deaths and widespread public commotion, negatively influencing public opinion. -
Period: to
Second Spanish Republic (1931-1936)
After the Second Republic was proclaimed, a provisional government was formed, made up of Republicans, socialist, and nationalist who held the elections for the Constituent Cortes in June 1931 -
October Revolution
The new government haldet the majority of the previous reforms, which led to an increase in strikers and more actions by left-wing parties. CEDA then demanded positions in the goverment brutaly quashed the uprising with the support of the Spanish army of África -
Tragic Sring
Political violence reached its speak in what was known as the Tragic Spring of 1936, consisting of a wave of attacks ans street violence between staunch falangist, communist and anarchist activist -
Period: to
Spanish Civil War (1936-1939)
The coup détal began in Melilla, Tetuan and Ceuta on 17 of July 1936. The next day it spread throughout Spain, having sucess in rural areas, yet falling in the more industrialitated uran areas. The country was divided in two zones, The Republican zone and the "Nationalis" zone. andthe military coup turned into a long Civil War -
The end of the Civil War
The war then moved to the Mediterranean, where the insurgents intended to divide the Republican zone into two. To prevent this from happening, the Republicans launched an offensive known as the ´Battle of Ebro´in 1938 that led to many casualties on both sides. The insurgents advanced, took Catalonia in 1939 and entered to Madrid with no resistance. The Civil War ended on 1 April 1939
