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Apr 22, 1451
Isabela I
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Period: Apr 22, 1451 to Nov 26, 1504
Isabela I
Isabella I, daughter of John II of Castile and Isabella of Portugal. Named as Isabella the Catholic, queen of Castile (1474–1504) and of Aragon (1479–1504), ruling the two kingdoms from 1479 with her husband, Ferdinand II of Aragon (Ferdinand V of Castile). Their rule effected the permanent union of Spain and the beginning of an overseas empire in the New World, led by Christopher Columbus under Isabella’s sponsorship. https://global.britannica.com/biography/Isabella-I-queen-of-Spain -
Charles II
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Period: to
Charles II
Charles II of Spain, born in Madrid was the son of Philip IV of Spain. He had by name Charles the Mad, noted for his extensive physical, intellectual, and emotional disabilities and his consequent ineffectual rule.He was king of Spain from 1665 to 1700 and the last monarch of the Spanish Habsburg dynasty. His realm included Southern Netherlands & Spain's overseas empire, stretching from the Americas to the Spanish East Indies.
https://global.britannica.com/biography/Charles-II-king-of-Spain -
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War of Spanish succesion
The War of the Spanish Succession was a major European conflict of the early 18th century,followed by the death of Charles II. there was the question of who would succeed him . Charles gave the crown to the French prince Phlip of Anjou. A grand alliance of England, Holland, Prussia and Austria aimed to put Archduke Charles of Austria o Spanish throne instead of Philip. the war broke and France was defeated, so Charles of Austria got the throne. www.spanishsuccession.nl -
War of Spanish succesion
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Treaty of Utrecht
Treaties of Utrecht, also called Peace of Utrecht, (April 1713–September 1714), were a series of treaties between France and other European powers (April 11, 1713 to Sept. 7, 1714) and another series between Spain and other powers (July 13, 1713 to June 26, 1714), concluding the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–14). -
Salic Law
Was a rule of succession in certain royal and noble families of Europe, forbidding females and those descended in the female line to succeed to the titles or offices in the family.The rule was enforced by the Valois and the house of Bourbon in France. At the time of Philip V it was introduced to Spain; when it was rescinded there in favor of Isabella II, the Carlists rose in revolt on the grounds of the law. http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/history/salic-law-rule-succession.html -
Charles III
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Period: to
Charles III
King of Spain (1759–88) He was the eldest son of Philip V and Elisabeth Farnese. He was king Charles VII (Naples) & Charles V (Sicily), then he abdicated both thrones. As Charles III (Spain)helped lead Spain to a brief cultural and economic revival through reforms like weakening the influence of Church and monasteries, promoting science & university research, facilitating trade & commerce, modernising agriculture and avoiding wars.
https://global.britannica.com -
Floridablanca
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Period: to
Floridablanca
José Moñino y Redondo served King Charles III and Charles IV. He wanted to restore the economic well-being of Spain. Concluded trade agreements with Morocco and Ottoman Empire and had good relations with Great Britain. He was drawn into the American War of Independence on the side of France and American rebels. In the war, he succeeded, Britain returned Minorca, Baleares, and Florida to Spain. However attempts to capture Gibraltar, Jamaica and invade Britain met with failure.
en.wikipedia.org -
Family Compacts (description)
This compacts are the indicatives of the French-Spanish allliance, they were signed between the two countries in 1733,1743 and 1761, in each of then Spain backed French interests. sources: photocopies -
Family Compacts (1st)
-The first family compact (1733): As France needed Spain's support in the Polish War, it backed Spanis's right to recover Italian possesions, this coincided with the interest of Isabel Farnese of Parma, Philip V's italian wife, of obtainig the Italian Kingdom for they sons, this compact works,Charles III was crwoned. -
Family Compacts (2nd)
-The Second Family Compact (1743): due to the support from Spain to France's involvement with the Austrian War of Succession, Charles's younger brother, Philip, was named as duke of Parma and Piacenza in 1748. -
Jovellanos
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Period: to
Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos
Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos was born at Gijón in Asturias, Spain.was a Spanish neoclassical statesman, author, philosopher and major figure of the Age of Enlightenment in Spain. He was lawyer and studied at Oviedo, Ávila, and the University of Alcalá,and become a criminal judge at Seville in 1767.
In his works he showed his ideas to improve economic, social and cultural conditions in Spain. He also encountered resistence from nobility, church and people who defend them.
es.wikipedia.org -
Canal de Castilla
It was a channel, cretaed in th 18th century, due to the economic growth, wich was a result of the reforms introduced in Spain by Philip V and Charles III.
The channel was one of the most relevant proyects of the Spanish Enlightenment, it was used as a fluvial road, in order to connect some parts of the country wich weren't connected, and tranport. http://www.canaldecastilla.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=34&Itemid=52
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canal_de_Castilla -
Family Compacts (3rd)
The third Family Compact (1761): during the Seven Years War, Britain and France were fighting for colonial supremacy,while Austria and Prussia were in fitghting for Germany, Spain was afraid of Britain's victory, because of the spainsh colonies in North and Central America, it concluded with theTreaty of Paris.
Britain was the big winnner, it took Quebec, from France, and Florida from Sapin.
Spain didn't end badly, it took Lousiana, from France,and also got back, Havana, and Manila from Britain -
Esquilache Riots
With the new Spanish dinasty, the Bourbons, new social reforms were implemented, but, some people didn’t like them, so there were Political protests, such as Esquilache Riolts
This was a revolt, which took place in Madrid, in 1766.
"Leopoldo de Gregorio", marquis of Esquilache, was the Spanish King prime minister, Charles III, one of the measures Charles took, when people threatened. http://www.ocesaronada.net/cual-fue-la-causa-del-motin-de-esquilache/
photocopies -
Jesuists are expell from Spain
The expulsion of Jesuists happened in 1767, when new social reforms were implemented, and as people didn't agree with this changes (as fro example when it was prohibited to wear long capes and wide-brimmed hats) one of the measures that the KIng took, was claiming Jesuists for the problems, they were expelled from Spain. -
Joseph I
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Period: to
Joseph I
French diplomat and nobleman, elder brother of Napoleon Bonaparte, who made him King of Naples and Sicily, and later King of Spain as Joseph I (1808–1813) He was called "Pepe Botella"
His control was nearly nonexistent. Joseph faced indigenous resistance through a guerrilla war. In 1810, Venezuela declared its independence, the first Spanish possession to do so. Over two years, Joseph abdicated on four occasions.
http://www.biography.com/people/joseph-bonaparte-9218630#king-of-naples-and-spain -
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Charles IV
Charles IV was king of Spain, but his ineffectual reign was brought to a sudden end when he abdicated and was deposed by Napoleon. With the French Revolution under way, Charles essentially turned the government over to his wife and her lover, and Spain was soon pitted against the revolutionaries. Eventually forced to abdicate the Spanish throne to his son, Ferdinand VII, who were both deposed by Napoleon. Ferdinand VII was reinstalled in 1813, and Charles died in Rome in 1819. -
Execution of Louis XVI
The execution of the King of France (guillotine), took place in the Revolution Square (Plaze de la Révolution) in 1793, it was one of the most important events of the French Revolution, he was murdered, because France established a new political regime, the republic, so as he was the king, french people guillotined him. http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/louis.htm -
War of Pyrenees
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War of Pyrenees
Was the Pyrenean front against the First French Republic. Revolutionary France was against kingdoms of Spain & Portugal during French Revolutionary Wars. It was fought in the eastern and western Pyrenees, at Toulon and at sea. Spanish army invaded Roussillon (eastern Pyrenees) and maintained itself on French soil. French army drove the Spanish back into Catalonia and defeat them. By 1795, the French army controlled some of northeast Spain. https://www.isnare.com/encyclopedia/War_of_the_Pyrenees -
Treaty of San Ildefonso
it was a treaty, btween France and Sapin, in which Spain, returned the colony of Louisiana to France, it was concluded on the 1st of October of 1800 between Louis Alexandre Berthier representing France and Mariano Luis de Urquijo for Spain. The treaty was negotiated under Napoleon's pressure, although Spain did gain the Tuscany area. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Treaty_of_San_Ildefonso -
Napoleon is named emperor
Napoleon proclaimed himself emperor, and made Josephine Empress. His coronation ceremony took place on December 2, 1804, in the Cathedral of Notre-Dame in Paris, with incredible splendor and at considerable expense. Napoleon even paid for Pope Pius VII. Pius went, hoping to win Napoleon's goodwill towards Rome and Papal States. However, Napoleon surprised everyone by platino the crown on his own head, and then crowned Josephine Empress.
http://m.sparknotes.com/biography/napoleon/section5.rhtml -
Battle of Trafalgar
It was a battle hold in Trafalgar (Spain), in which France and Spain, fought against Britain's Royal Navy, during the Napoleonics Wars. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Trafalgar -
The Peninsular War
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Abdications of Bayonne
Series of forced abdications of the Kings of Spain that led to Spanish War of Independence. Then, King Charles IV hay to abdicate the throne to his son Ferdinand VII in 1808 by order of the Spanish Royal Council.Napoleon's designate his brother, Joseph, as King of Spain Who was resisted by the Spanish people and led to the Peninsular War. On December 11, 1813, he appointed Ferdinand as the King of Spain.
http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Abdications_of_Bayonne -
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Peninsular War
The Spanish Peninsular War pitted Spain, Great Britain, and Portugal against Napoleonic France during Napoleonic Wars The war began when French troops occupied Portugal in 1807 and Spain in 1808. It was the first large-scale guerilla war, from which the English language borrowed the word. The war started when French and Spanish armies invaded and occupied Portugal in 1807, and escalated in 1808 when France turned on Spain,which was its ally. The war lasted until the defeat of Napoleon in 1814. -
Ferdinand VII
I took the information from the photocopies. -
The First Constitution
During the war, there was created a national assembly, in Cadiz, in the name of King Ferdinand.
A "draft" of a liberal constitution was created, in 1812, La Pepa
-national sovereignity
-universal male suffrage
-constitutional monarchy
-separation of powers
-free press, right to privacy, and no torture (end of Inquisition).
When the war ended, Ferdinand acepted to follow the constitution. -
Treaty of Fontainebleau
It was an agreement signed in Fontainebleau, France, between Napoleon and Russia, Prussia and Austrian Empire,with this treaty, the allies get to ended Napoleon's rule, as an emperor, and they sent him to Elba, into exile. -
Riego's Pronunciamiento
This was a coup d'etat, by Rafael de Riego, a spanish major, in Cabezas de San Juán, Seville, this "pronunciamiento" happened due to the dsicomfort from Riego with the absoulte monarchy, because he wanted back the constitution of 1812 (La Pepa).
Right after this, the liberal party started ruling, following the laws of the constitution of 1812. http://lena-historiaysociedad.blogspot.com.es/2013/01/el-pronunciamiento-de-riego-1-de-enero.html -
Cien mil hijos de San Luis
It was a french army, sent by Louis XVII of France, to Spain, in order to restore King Ferdinand VII of Spain, and have an absolute monarchy again.
The army had around a hundred thousand soldiers, that's the reason why they are called like that. http://www.ocesaronada.net/quien-fueron-los-cien-mil-hijos-de-san-luis/
http://www.elplural.com/2016/05/23/los-cien-mil-hijos-de-san-luis-llegan-madrid
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cien_Mil_Hijos_de_San_Luis -
Carlist Wars
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First Carlist war
The First Carlist War was a civil war in Spain from 1833 to 1839, fought between factions over the succession to the throne and the nature of the Spanish monarchy. It was fought between supporters of the regent, Maria Christina, acting for Isabella II of Spain, and those of the late king's brother, Carlos de Borbón (or Carlos V). The Carlists supported return to an absolute monarchy.
They were in total 21 battles during the First Carlist War. -
Amadeus of Savoy
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Amadeus of Savoy
Also known as Duke of Aosta was the only King of Spain from the House of Savoy. He was the second son of King Vittorio Emanuele II of Italy. He reigned in Spain from 1870 to 1873. He was elected by the Cortes as Spain's monarch in 1870, following the deposition of Isabella II, Amadeo's reign was fraught with growing republicanism, Carlist rebellions, and the Cuban independence movement. He abdicated and returned to Italy in 1873, and the First Spanish Republic was declared as a result. -
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Second Carlist War
The Second Carlist War, or the War of the Matiners or Madrugadores was a short civil war fought primarily in Catalonia by the Carlists under General Ramón Cabrera against the forces of the government of Isabella II. It spread to Galicia. Theoretically, the war was fought to facilitate the marriage of Isabella II with the Carlist pretender, Carlos de Borbón, supported by moderate party & by the Carlists. The marriage never took place, as Isabella II was wed to Francisco de Borbón. -
Spanish Glorious Revolution
This was a military uprising in 1868, wich took place in Spain, it caused the dethronement of Isabella II.
One of the most important effects of this revolt, was the first attempt of having a democratic political regime: a parlaentary monarchy, with Amadeus of Savoy, and later the first republic. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glorious_Revolution_(Spain) -
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Third Carlist War
Carlist forces managed to occupy several towns. Isabella II had abdicated the throne, and Amadeo I, King of Spain, was not very popular.
Carlist pretender, Charles VII, proclaimed the restoration of Catalonian, Valencian and Aragonese fueros, later abolished by Philip V.
There were temporary states in Catalonia & Basque regions. After four years of war, Charles VII went into exile in France & King Alfonso XII of Spain entered Pamplona.
After the end of the war, the Basque fueros were abolished -
First Republic
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Period: to
The First Republic
Was the political regime in Spain when General Arsenio Martínez-Campos's pronunciamento marked the beginning of the Bourbon Restoration in Spain. The Republic started with the abdication as King of Amadeo I, following the Hidalgo Affair, required by radical government to sign a decree against the artillery officers. The next day, 11 February the republic was declared by a parliamentary majority made up of radicals, republicans and democrats. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Spanish_Republic -
Cuban War
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Period: to
The Cuban War
The Cuban War of Independence (1895–1898) was the last of three liberation wars that Cuba fought against Spain, the other two being the Ten Years' War (1868–1878) and the Little War (1879–1880). The final three months of the conflict escalated to become the Spanish–American War, with United States forces being deployed in Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippine Islands against Spain. http://military.wikia.com/wiki/Cuban_War_of_Independence
