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CHARLES II (EL HECHIZADO)
He was the son of Felipe IV and Mariana de Austria. -
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WAR OF SPANISH SUCCESSION
Was an international conflct that started with the death of Charles II and the population unhappiness with the new king ,Felipe de Anjou, and ended with the signature of the Treaty of Utrech. -
NEW FOUNDATION DECREES
There were decrees signed during 1707 and 1716 by Felipe V, in which Valencia and Aragon laws and institutions were abolished the 29 june 1707, Mallorca the 15 november 1715 and Catalonia 16 January 1716. Formally they used to say that they were a group of Real Documents in which there was stablished the ¨New Foundation¨ in the states of Aragon and Castilla. -
SALIC LAW
It was a law published during the V century by the Salic Franks, this law has some restrictions talking about monarchs succession in men advantage. Felipe V, wanted to establish this law but the court didn´t let him to do so, so he establish a ¨semi-salic¨ law, which said that women could reach the trone but only if there wasn´t any men in the family. By doing that, Felipe achieved that his daughter reached the trone, but Carlos was against, and he provoqued The ¨Carlistas¨ Wars. -
TREATY OF UTRECHT
It is a signed document by Louis XIV in which Spain agreed to stop the ¨Succession War¨. After all his grandson Philip became king of Spain, with the condition of not joining with France never again. The consequences (although Spain still had his territories in America and in the Pacific intact) were that they were forced to cede southern Italian territories to Austria, Sicily, Savoy and Menorca to England and last but not least, they loss Gibraltar by British forces, a big humiliation for Spain -
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COUNT OF FLORIDABLANCA
He was a Spanish politician that was responsable of being the secretary of the state during 1777 to 1792 and lead the Junta Suprema Central in 1808 -
FAMILY COMPACT I
In this Family Compact, France backed Spain right to recover possesions in Italy in return for Spain support in the war of the Polish succession. During this event Italy became an obsessive factor in its foreign policy, which coincided with the ambitions of Philip V´s second wife (Isabel Farnese of Parma). She wanted to obtain the Italian Kingdoms for her 2 sons. Finally, in 1734, Spain recovered Naples and Sicily, and Isabel´s older son (Charles) became king of Naples. -
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FAMILY COMPACTS
A group of events signed by the French-Spanish alliance, in which Spain backed French interests. -
FAMILY COMPACT II
In result of France involvement with the Austrian War of Succession, resulted in the installation of Charles´s younger brother Philip as duke of Parma and Piacenza, in 1748. -
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GASPAR MELCHOR DE JOVELLANOS
He was a writer and a Spanish politician. He wrote ¨Memoria sobre la educación publica¨. -
CANAL DE CASTILLA
Canal de Castilla was one of the most important hidraulic structures of the 18th Century. It was built in order to be used as a way of comunication and transport. The idea was developed years before, but was Ferdinand VI the one that started thinking about a great plan in order to get economical benefits. The channel consist of 4 channels that joined Segovia and Reinosa.
(NOTE ABOUT THE DATE): The date is when they started to build the Canal, as I couldn´t find the date when they finished it. -
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CHARLES III (EL POLITICO)
He was the duque of Parma and Plasencia, king of Naples, king of Sicily and king of Spain. -
FAMILY COMPACT III
In the third Family Compact, the Seven Years War (1756-63), involved revolts between Britain and France in order to reach the supremacy, and Austrian and Prussian conflicts ended with the domination of Germany. In this revolts Bitain gave support to Prussia, and France to Austria. In Madrid they were afraid if Britain finish with a victory over France, as Britain could expand. Finally the war ended with the Treaty of Paris, being Britain the winner, and France and Spain loosing some territories. -
ESQUILACHE RIOTS
It was a popular revolt that took place in Madrid, it mainly took place because Leopoldo de Gregorio wanted to change some things in the society behaviour, as Madrid was a dark and spooky city in that moments. He wanted to remove the capes and the wide-wing hats, as he said people could easily hide weapons there. But the real cause why people got so angry was because he also increased the price of the basic food needs. -
JESUISTS ARE EXPELLED FROM SPAIN
The expulsion of Jesuists was ordered by Charles III, as Jesuists were accussed of being the ones that provoqued the Esquilache Riots in Madrid. There were 2 more expulsions after this one, one in 1835 and another one in 1932. -
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FERDINAND VII (EL DESEADO)
He was the son of Charles IV. He participated in the Independence war of Spain, Hipanoamerican Independence wars and in the French Intervention in Spain. -
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CHARLES IV (EL CAZADOR)
He was the son of Charles III and Maria Amalia de Sajonia. He intended to maintain the policies of his father, he never took more than a passive part in his own government. The rule of the government was left to his wife, while he was hunting. He authorized Prussian aristocrat and scientist Alexander von Humboldt to travel freely in Spanish America. Riots, and a popular revolt at the winter palace Aranjuez forced the king to abdicate (1808) then his son Ferdinand VII took the throne. -
EXECUTION OF LOUIS XVI
Louis XVI was a French Monarch during the 18th century. He was arrested the 10 of August 1792 (insurrection) because he was accused of betraying. He was sentenced to the guillotine the 21 January of 1793. After he died there was no more Absolute Monarchy in France. -
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WAR OF THE PYRENEES
It was a cnflict that face Revolutionary France with Spain and Portugal. The war was fought in the eastern Pyrenees, the western Pyrenees, at the French port of Toulon, and at sea. Finally France won and the treaty of Basilea was signed. -
TREATY OF SAN ILDEFONSO (1796)
It was a military alliance signed by Spain and France in 1796. This treaty said that both countries had to keep a military policy against Britain, as it was one of the most scary enemies for Spain during this ages. -
NAPOLEON IS CROWN AS EMPEROR
The 18 May of 1804 Napoleon is crown as emperon by Pío Pope VII. His reign lasted since 1804 to 1815. -
BATTLE OF TRAFALGAR
It was a battle that confront France, Britain and Spain. This battle was due to French-Spanish alliance as it begins with the lost of 33 Spanish and French vessels in the attempt of destroying British boats in the Mediterranean (as they were controlling the trade routes). The number of vessels in the British front was lower, despite that fact they won that battle, and this was due to the humiliating comandance in the French-Spanish side. -
TREATY OF FONTAINEBLEAU
It was a treaty signed in Fontainebleau, France. It was signed by Manuel Godoy, Charles IV and Napoleon I. The aim of this treaty was to let France pass all over Spanish territories in order to attack Portugal, as it get joined with Britain. -
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PENINSULAR WAR
was a military conflict between Napoleon Army and Spain, Portugal and Britain for the control of the Iberian Peninsula. It started when French and Spanish Armies invaded Portugal in 1807 and flare up when France turned on Spain in 1808. And ended when The Sixth Coalition defeated Napoleon. -
ABDICATIONS OF BAYONNE
They are how it is named the amount of consecutive refusings from the side of Charles IV and Ferdinand VII to the Spanish rule, in benefit of Napoleon Bonaparte, who some time after gave mentioned rights to Jose Bonaparte (Jose I), who was his brother. -
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JOSEPH I
He was a politician, diplomatic and French lawyer, and the older brother of Napoleon. He published the Statute of Bayonne in an attempt to gain the support of the Spanish enlightened, the known Afrancesados, without succeeding in making the attempt of stablish a reformist program in the government. In 1808 he created the Ministry of Police, nowadays known as The Ministry of the Interior of Spain. After the defeat in the battle of the Arapiles, left Madrid to go towards France. -
THE FIRST SPANISH CONSTITUTION
The first Spanish constitution, or ¨La pepa¨ was published by Spanish general courts and was signed in Cádiz. Although at the beggining it only lasted 2 years, it after was stablished again during 1820-1823 (Trienio Liberal) and during 1836-1837. -
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FERDINAND VII (FIRST PERIOD)
The 12 of April a group of diputies from absolutists Cortes presented Ferdinand the known Manifesto of the Persians in which they claimed him the return to absolutism. Finally Ferdinand VII finally decided, and on May 4, 1814, he emited a decree in Valencia to dissolve the Cortes, abolish the Constitution of 1812 and remove all the legislative work of the Cortes of Cadiz. Finally he restored absolutism. -
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FERDINAND VII (SECOND PERIOD)
For the first time, Constitution of 1812 was applied in a peace situation. Ferdinand, having absolutist thoughts, tried to stop since the beginning the work of the liberal governments and the normal constitutional work. This attitude from the king provoqued a political fracture that will extend during decades: called The split of the liberals. On one hand, the "doceañistas" tried to modify the Constitution. On the other hand, the "twenties" just called for the application of the Constitution. -
CIEN MIL HIJOS DE SAN LUIS
It was a French army with some Spanish allies, that fought in order to keep the Ancient Regime. This ¨Army¨ ended with the Guerra Realista and Trienio Liberal. They also achieved to give back the throne to Ferdinand VII -
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FERDINAND VII (THIRD PERIOD)
The same day that Ferdinand was liberated by ¨Cien mil hijos de San Luis¨, he published a decree cancelling everything legislated during the Triennium. Ferdinand tried again to return to Absolutism and the Ancient Regime. -
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THREE CARLISTS WARS
The Carlist wars were a group of civil revolts that took place in Spain throughout the 19th cent. Although the main reason for the struggle was the fight for the throne, they also represented the clash of political ideologies of the time. -
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FIRST CARLIST WAR
The first Carlist war began with the uprising of Carlist parties in the Basque Country and Navarre. -
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SECOND CARLIST WAR
It was a conflict that took place mainly in Catalonia between September 1846 and May 1849 due to the failure of attempting to marry Isabel II with the Carlist Carlos Luis de Borbón. The conflict
Was mainly a popular uprising in different parts of Catalonia. The Matiners parties fought with parties of republican ideology, in what became known as a coal-progressive coalition. -
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AMADEUS OF SAVOY
Was king of Spain between 1871 and 1873 but he was also the first Duke of Aosta. His reign in Spain, was marked by the political instability. The six cabinets that succeed during this period were not able to solve the crisis, going worse by the conflict of independence in Cuba, and a new Carlist war. -
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THIRD CARLIST WAR
Was a civil war developed in Spain between 1872 and 1876, between the supporters of Carlos and the governments of Amadeo I and Alfonso XII. This civil war was developed mainly in the Basque Provinces, Navarre and Catalonia. -
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FIRST SPANISH REPUBLIC
Was the political regime that ruled in Spain since its proclamation by the Cortes in 1873, until 1874, when the pronouncement of General Martinez-Campos began the Bourbon Restoration in Spain. -
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CUBAN WAR
Is the name with which it is known to the last war fought for the independence of the Cubans against the Spanish dominion It is one of the last American wars against the Spanish Kingdom -
BIBLIOGRAPHY
http://www.canaldecastilla.org
http://www.ocesaronada.net
https://www.jstor.org
http://www.heritage-history.com
https://www.mexicodesconocido.com.mx
http://www.efemeridespedrobeltran.com
http://www.congreso.es
http://historiadealmansa.usuarios.tvalmansa.com
http://www.biografiasyvidas.com
http://www.cervantesvirtual.com
http://www.historiasiglo20.org
http://historiageneral.com
http://www.rutasconhistoria.es
http://www.fideus.com
https://es.wikipedia.org
