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Carlos IV's reign
It coincided with the french revolution and the Napoleonic empire. He had a minister named Godoy.
He changed Spain's relationship with France and Spain was defeated in the Trafalgar battle. -
Industrialisation in Spain
It began in the 19th century and it was a slower process than in other countries because of some problems such as the poor quality of the coal or insufficient domestic demand. -
3 kings
Carlos IV abdicated in favour of his son, Fernando VII. Then renounced to the throne, in favour of Napoleon.
And he gave the throne to his brother, Joseph Bonaparte, who was supported by 'afrancesados'. -
The Spanish war of Independence
Spanish population fought against the French occupation, mostly in Madrid. They failed to overthrow them but this encouraged other parts of Spain, and this war began. -
Francisco de Goya
Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes was a Spanish romantic painter and printmaker. He is considered the most important Spanish artist of the late 18th and early 19th centuries. -
Latin American Independence
During the Spanish war of Independence, the process that led to the independence of the Spanish colonies began.
These began shortly after the start of the Peninsular War, during the Napoleonic Wars, as a struggle for sovereignty in both hemispheres, between those who wanted a unitary monarchy, rather than plural monarchies or republics. -
Constitution of Cadiz
The Cortes of Cádiz produced the first written Spanish constitution, written and processed in Cádiz, and is regarded as the founding document of liberalism in the country. -
Reign of Fernando VII
After the defeat of Napoleon in the Spanish war of independence, Fernando VII returned. He had 3 phases; Absolutist, liberal and ominous. -
The fragmentation of the Principality into provinces
Spain was divided definitively into provinces. A government representative was designated as the political leader of each province. Provincial Councils were not organized, however, as they were not envisaged in the Royal Statute of 1834. -
The reign of Isabel II
She established a liberal constitutional monarchy, supported by liberal political parties. But before that, she had to win the Carlist War, against Fernando's brother, Carlos. -
Realism
Realism and Naturalism in Spain reached its peak in the second half of the 19th century with authors such as Juan Valera. It aimed to reproduce reality with a true documental objectivity in all aspects of life. -
The democratic sexenium
This was a military revolt in Cadiz. Led by Admiral Topete and Generals Prim and Serrano. It sent a signal to Spanish liberals and republicans that there was serious unrest that could be harnessed if it were properly led. -
Second Industrial Revolution in Spain
It was also slower in Spain, the most industrialized regions were Cataluña and Pais Vasco. There were rapid advances in the creation of steel, chemicals and electricity helped fuel production. It became far easier to get around on trains -
King Amadeo I de Saboya
Amadeo I, also known as Amadeus, was an Italian prince who reigned as King of Spain. The first and only King of Spain to come from the House of Savoy, he was the second son of Victor Emmanuel II of Italy. -
The Bourbon Restoration
After a military uprising Alfonso XII was proclaimed King of Spain. He was Isabel II's son. It restored the pre-Napoleonic monarchy to the throne, they wanted to restore the pre-1789 system of absolute monarchy. -
Reign of Alfonso XII
His reign was a political stability for Spain. There wasn't any military uprising and the economy grew under the new political system. -
PSOE
Partido Obrero Socialista Español or Socialist Party established 1879 -
The regency of Maria Cristina
After Alfonso XII's death, Cánovas and Sagasta signed an agreement to support Maria Cristina's regency, Alfonso's wife. -
UGT
Unión General de Trabajadores established in 1888, followed Marxism -
Modern Architecture
In the late 19th century a new architectural movement emerged in Madrid and other Spanish cities as a revival of the Mudéjar architecture and style. -
Imperialism in Spain
Spain lost the Philippines, as well as Cuba and Puerto Rico, that is, the last of its colonies in America. -
Reign of Alfonso XIII
When Alfonso XIII became king he faces a series of problems that led to the end of the constitutional monarchy. -
War in Morocco: Tragic Week
Spanish reservists were sent to war in Morocco, and in some cities there were popular protests. In 1909, during early conflicts, an attempt by the Spanish government to call up reservists led to a working-class uprising in Barcelona known as Tragic Week. -
War of Morocco
After the loss of its' last American colonies, Spain established a protectorate over its newly acquired territories in Morocco. -
War in Morocco: Annual disaster
Spanish troops were defeated at Annual Morocco and many soldiers lost their lives. Spanish public opinion was very critical because of this defeat against Morocco.