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Period: 1095 to 1291
The Crusdas
The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Latin Church in the medieval period. The best known of these Crusades are those to the Holy Land in the period between 1095 and 1291 that were intended to recover Jerusalem and its surrounding area from Islamic rule. Beginning with the First Crusade, which resulted in the recovery of Jerusalem in 1099, dozens of Crusades were fought, providing a focal point -
Period: 1346 to 1352
The black death
The black death (also known as the Pestilence , the Great Mortality or simply the Plague) was a bubonic plague pandemic occurring in the western Eurasia and North Africa from 1346 to 1353. it is the most fatal pandemic recorded in human history, causing the death of 75 - 200 million people, peaking in Europe from 1347 to 1351 bubonic plague is caused by the caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis spread by fleas, but it can also take a secondary form where it is spread -
Period: 1400 to 1495
Early Renaissance
The Renaissance (UK: /rɪˈneɪsəns/ rin-AY-sənss, US: /ˈrɛnəsɑːns/ (listen) REN-ə-sahnss)[1][a] is a period in European history marking the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and covering the 15th and 16th centuries, characterized by an effort to revive and surpass ideas and achievements of classical antiquity. It occurred after the Crisis of the Late Middle Ages and was associated with great social change. In addition to the standard periodization, proponents of a "long -
Period: 1400 to 1527
Late Renaissance
The intellectual basis of the Renaissance was its version of humanism, derived from the concept of Roman humanitas and the rediscovery of classical Greek philosophy, such as that of Protagoras, who said that "man is the measure of all things". This new thinking became manifest in art, architecture, politics, science and literature. Early examples were the development of perspective in oil painting and the revived knowledge of how to make concrete. -
Period: 1400 to
Age of exploration
The Age of Exploration (also called the Age of Discovery) began in the 1400s and continued through the 1600s. It was a period of time when the European nations began exploring the world. They discovered new routes to India, much of the Far East, and the Americas. -
Period: 1452 to 1520
High Renaissance
The High Renaissance was centered in Rome, and lasted from about 1490 to 1527, with the end of the period marked by the Sack of Rome. Stylistically, painters during this period were influenced by classical art, and their works were harmonious. -
1492
Columbus Sails to the Americas
Columbus set sail from Spain in three ships: the Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria. On August 3, 1492, Italian explorer Christopher Columbus started his voyage across the Atlantic Ocean. With a crew of 90 men and three ships—the Niña, Pinta, and Santa Maria—he left from Palos de la Frontera, Spain. -
Period: 1500 to
Scientific Revolution
scientific revolution refers to a period in the middle of the second millennium CE (roughly, from the late 16th century to the early 18th century), when great advances were made in the basic natural sciences. The term is also sometimes loosely used to describe any great discovery or paradigm shift in the fields of natural science, à la Thomas Kuhn. The term was coined by Alexandre Koyre in 1943. -
1503
Da Vinci paints Mona Lisa
Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa is arguably the most famous piece of art in the world. Painted in the early 16th century, it depicts a mysterious woman with a hint of a smile. For nearly the entirety of the painting’s existence, the Mona Lisa has captivated and fascinated people, and its story goes far beyond da Vinci’s Renaissance studio. -
Period: 1517 to 1555
The Reformation
The Protestant Reformation began in Wittenberg, Germany, on October 31, 1517, when Martin Luther, a teacher and a monk, published a document he called Disputation on the Power of Indulgences, or 95 Theses. The document was a series of 95 ideas about Christianity that he invited people to debate with him. -
Gutenberg's Bible
The Gutenberg Bible (also known as the 42-line Bible, the Mazarin Bible or the B42) was the earliest major book printed using mass-produced movable metal type in Europe. It marked the start of the "Gutenberg Revolution" and the age of printed books in the West.
