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first anatomists achievements in the understanding of the heart, the nervous system, and the mechanics of breathing.Human dissection was forbidden, so he performed many of his dissections on apes.The system of anatomy he developed was so influential that it was used for the next 1400 years. Galen was influential into the 16th century.
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known as "Lamarckism" hypothesis is that physiological changes acquired over the life of an organism may be transmitted to their offspring
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Written by Charles Darwin. travel memoir/scientific field journal that covers biology, geology, anthropology.
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disproofed the traditional idea of the spontaneous generation
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Charles Darwin, considered the foundation of evolutionary biology
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states that many diseases are caused by microorganisms
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Demonstrated the actions of invisible "factors" known as genes. Predictably determines the traits of an organism
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states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences.
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1908 1st genetic map from student after 1908 experiment with fruit flys 1911 concluded that some traits were sex linked
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depict the atom as a small positive charge nucleus surrounded by electrons that travel in circular orbits around nucleus
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One of the first experiments showing that bacteria can get DNA through a process called transformation
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on of the most important works of the modern evolutionary synthesis. Explains evolution in depth as a process over time that account for the diversity of all life on Earth
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American scientist and cytogeneticist . During the 1940s and 1950s, McClintock discovered transposition, used it to demonstrate that genes are responsible for turning physical characteristics on and off. developed theories to explain the suppression and expression of genetic information from one generation of maize plants to the next. Due to skepticism of her research and its implications, she stopped publishing her data in 1953McClintock's research became well understood in the 1960s and 1970s
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Idea that genes act through the production of enzymes with each gene responsible for producing a single enzyme that in turn affects a single step in metabolic pathway
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Cousteau and partner Gagnan co-invent a demand valve system that supplied divers with compressed air. named it Aqua-Lung
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Wrote the book Systematics ad the Origin of species. Species are believed that they are not just a group of morphologically similar individuals but a group that can breed only among themselves, excluding all others
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discovered DNA, not protein, may be the hereditary material of bacteria and could be analogous to genes and/or viruses in higher organisms
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Helped confirm DNA is genetic material. Hershey shared noble prize for this in 1969
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chemical experiment that simulated the conditions thought at the time to be present o the early earth, it tested the chemical origin of life under those condition
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answers the question of how genes are passed on from generation to generation
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experiment which supported the hypothesis that DNA replication was semiconservative. In semiconservative replication, when the double stranded DNA helix is replicated, each of the two new double-stranded DNA helices consisted of one strand from the original helix and one newly synthesized. It has been called "the most beautiful experiment in biology."[
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A hydrothermal vent is a fissure in a planet's surface from which geothermally heated water issues. Hydrothermal vents are commonly found near volcanically active places, areas where tectonic plates are moving apart at spreading centers, ocean basins, and hotspots.[1] Hydrothermal vents exist because the earth is both geologically active and has large amounts of water on its surface and within its crust. Common land types include hot springs, fumaroles and geysers.
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won a noble prize for breaking the genetic code and between the years 1961 and 1962 it was considered the "coding race"
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Evolutionist Lynn Margulis showed that a major organizational event in the history of life probably involved the merging of two or more lineages through symbiosis. In 1970 she published her argument in The Origin of Eukaryotic Cells.
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biological evolution, debate abut creation and evolution in public education in US. fact that evolution occurs explains the interrelatedness of the various facts of biology makes sense
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discovered in Hadar, Ethiopia. 100 pieced of bone fossil representing 40% of the skeleton of a female of the hominin species Australopithicus Afrensis
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first mammal to have been successfully cloned from an adult cell. She was cloned at the Roslin Institute in Midlothian, Scotland, and lived there until her death when she was six years old. Her birth was announced on February 22, 1997.
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chemically altered "dideoxy" bases to terminate newly synthesized DNA fragments at specific bases
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large and complex molecular machine found primarily within the splicing speckles of cell nucleus of eukaryotic cells
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is a technique used in molecular biology to amplify a single copy or a few copies of a segment of DNA across several orders of magnitude, generating thousands to millions of copies of a particular DNA sequence. It is an easy, cheap, and reliable way to repeatedly replicate a focused segment of DNA, a concept which is applicable to numerous fields in modern biology and related sciences.[1]
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clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats are segments of prokaryotic DNA containing short, repetitive base sequences. Prokaryotic immune system that confers resistance to foreign genetic elements such as those present within plasmid and phages that provide a form of acquired immunity
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1st American ever convicted in a case involving DNA evidence
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non profit legal organization committed to exonerating wrongly convicted people through use of DNA testing and reforming criminal justice system to prevent future Injustice
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First and only so far of Thropus discovered are 9 cranial specimens from Northern Chad. Research team of scientist led by French paleontologist Michael Brunet uncovered fossil
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In April, 2003, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium announced a finished version of the human genome sequence
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April, 2003, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium announced a finished version of the human genome sequence
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fossil finger bone found of female in Denisova Cave
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executed for the death of small girl in Flagstaff. he was executed by lethal injection
