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Period: 1450 to
Shipped of 12 million Africans to the plantation of the Americas
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1501
Relationship between Turkey and UK
Began with the establishment of diplomatic relations in the 16th century. -
Oct 28, 1578
William Harborne arrived in Istanbul
The first person accredited to the Ottoman Court as
the representative of Queen Elizabeth I, he set out from London -
1580
Trade between Ottoman Empire and England
And a “Turkey Company” was set up in London by English merchants there. -
1581
Turkey Company was formed
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Levant Company
Turkey Company merged with the Venice Company to form it -
Art and society being separated
-
Period: to
England had began to monopolize overseas trade
In such a way that all its wars resulted with the acquisition of a new overseas territory -
End of slave trade by the Portuguese
-
Slaves exportation to the Americas
By the Dutch and British to plantation colonies -
Ottoman Empire vigor
-
Cotton industry exploded
-
Period: to
Peasants were obliged to migrate to towns
During the whole 18th century -
Newcomen steam engine to pump water
By Thomas Newcomen, water from a coal mine -
Dramatic population increase
As a result of improved nutrition and a lower rate of infant mortality -
Flying shuttle
First innovation in cotton manufacture by John Kay -
Period: to
Increased of quality of goods produced
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Period: to
Machine power began to replace human power
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Spinning jenny patent
Speeded up the process of weaving cotton threads into cloth by James Hargreaves -
Arkwright patents the water frame
Weaving machine working with water power -
Period: to
David Ricardo
Theory liberal -
Better version of Newcomen Steam Engine
Operated by James Watt -
Power loomweaving machine with steam power
Patented by Edmun Cartwright -
Cotton gin
By Eli Whitney, it mechanized the separating of seeds
from cotton fibers and it made cotton incredibly cheap and infinitely expandable as compared to wool. -
Period: to
William Pickering
-
Period: to
Michael Thonet
-
Manufacture of thread and cloth moving out
of the family economy and into large factory mills -
3 million slaves resided in the Americas
-
Populations lived outside of cities
Throughout the world, at the end of the 18th century -
First electric battery by Volta
-
Period: to
Industrial Revolution reached its peaks
-
New industrial techniques spread in Northwestern Europe, France and the U.S.A.
Mostly originating in England during the early 19th Century -
Period: to
First railroads built in Great Britain
-
Period: to
John Stuart Mill
Theory liberal -
Robert Fulton’s steamboat Clermont, goes into service on the Hudson River
-
Period: to
Henry Cole
-
Luddite movements
-
Period: to
John Ruskin
-
Period: to
Herbert Spencer
English philosopher and liberal political theorist, considered as the father of Social Darwinism. -
First railroad in France
-
Poor standars of British manufacture
Attributed by Robert Peel -
Michael Thonet experiments curving wood
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Amerikan bezi
New name for ordinary cotton textile in Turkey -
George Stephenson’s locomotive, The Rocket, operates between Liverpool and Manchester.
-
Period: to
Arts & Crafts movement
-
25% of population living in urban areas
In Great Britain -
Factory Act
By the English Goverment to improve conditions for children working in factories. -
Period: to
William Morris
-
New design schools were established
As a result of recommendations by the Select Committee on Design and Contexts Manufacture established by to fight the french superior pattern designs -
Samuel Morse invents the telegraph.
-
Anglo-Turkish trade agreement
-
Samuel Cunard starts the regular transatlantic passenger service by steamships
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First method for curving solid beech wood
By Michael Thonet -
Bankrupt in Boppart
Patents had no commercial success, invited by Chancellor Metternich -
Steam power in an Ottoman Empire factory
The Feshane in Defterdar, İstanbul. The use of the modern technology will also be operational in Beykoz deri in 1843, Basmahane, Bakırköy in1850. -
Junta de Fomento de Artesanos
-
Rail network established across western Europe and in the eastern USA
-
+50% of population living in urban areas
In Great Britain -
Royal College of Art
-
Telegraph line Istanbul and Edirne
-
Escuela Industrial de artes y oficios de México
-
Commercial oil well is drilled and starts to produce in Pennsylvania.
-
School for telegraph technicians opened in Istanbul
-
The Siemens brothers ,Germany develop the open-hearth process of steel making.
-
First transatlantic cable for telegraph communication
-
First railroad transportation in Turkey. IzmirAydin line
-
Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone
-
Suez Canal completed
Linking the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea (and ultimately the Indian Ocean) and reduced the need for west-east shipping to go around the African continent -
Unification of Brittain
Had developed new steel, chemical and electrical industries alongside the establishment of technical high schools -
Escuela de artes y oficio para mujeres
-
Thomas A.Edison invented light bulb
-
Eileen Gray was born
-
Superior industrial strategy of Germany and USA identified in Royal Comission
By the turn of the century economic and industrial comparisons with these two countries were being made frequently in British journals and other publications. -
Rudolf Diesel patented the diesel engine
-
Art Nouveau was born
-
First wireless message
Transmitted by Guglielmo Marconi -
Development of Taylorism and Fordism in USA
Taylorism: system which sought to achieve industrial efficiency on the factory floor. -
Key inventions became available to everyday consumer
*Electric lighting
*Domestic appliances
*Telephone
*Gramophone
*Cinema
*Automobile -
77% of population living in urban areas
-
Italian Futurists design group founded
By Filippo Tommaso Marinetti -
Principles of Scientific Management
By Frederick Winslow Taylor -
Henry's introduction of the moving line
For the T Ford mobile -
Panama Canal opened
It joined the Atlantic and Pacific shipping routes in Central America, eliminating the need to go around South America -
First World War
-
Bauhaus founded in Weimar
-
Development of Art Deco
-
Early adoptive stage of Art Deco architecture
Classified as "Jazz-age Deco", "Zig-zag Deco", or the "Skyscraper Style." -
Young European architect introduced American architects to the possibilities of the Art Deco style
-
Commissioning of the new Chicago Tribune headquarters building
-
Discovery of the tomb of Egypt's ancient pharaoh, Tutankhamun
By Howard Carter -
Period: to
Gallery Eileen Gray
-
Art Deco style
Reached its apogee at the Exposition des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes in Paris -
Exposition des Arts Decoratifs et Industrials
Held in Paris -
The American Designers' Gallery in New York opened i
-
First Hollywood film "Our Dancing Daughters"
-
Bauhaus closed by Nazis
-
Albert Einstein emigrated to USA
-
Period: to
World War ll
-
Total softwood imports dropped rapidly
-
Timber Control announced that no timber was to be available to domestic furniture manufacturers.
-
MoMA
-
Specific arrangements for furniture were applied
-
Hardwood imports dropped rapidly
-
Utility furniture was planned
-
The scheme was introduced by the Board of Trade
-
The Board of Trade moved a further step along the commodity chain to specify designs for manufacture.
-
Furniture manufacturers pre-war timber stocks became signicantly depleted
-
the Board of Trade then sought applications from firms wishing to manufacture Utility furniture.
-
First meeting of the Utility Furniture Distribution Committee
-
Utility furniture was implemented
-
Home-grown timber predominantly beech, oak and elm provided 75% of total timber consumption
-
Production of Utility furniture began
-
Establishment of Council of Industrial Design
By the UK government, later to be renamed the Design Council -
There were 55 designated firms in the Greater London and High Wycombe area.
-
Wernher von Braun moved to America
-
Hardwood production increased from 10 million to 38 million cubic feet
-
Largest USA single supplier of hardwood imports dropped from 17.43 million to 2.85 million cubic feet
-
Invasion of North Korea
-
Rat für Formgebung founded
German equivalent of the Design Council -
New industrial techniques spread in Germany, Italy and Austria
Mostrly originating in England -
Significant development in the soft sciences
-
Everything should be done to increase to the maximum exports of hardwood from British Colonial territories
-
The ʻteenagerʼ was seemingly first identified
-
Collapsible house
By Verner Panton -
Pop design
-
The Cardboard House
By Verner Panton -
First Congress and General Assembly
-
Emergence of a relatively high profile drug culture
-
Design developments
Relate in various ways to what was happening at the time in not just painting and sculpture -
Rejection of International Style
functionalism as an aesthetic and as an idea, an aesthetic based on the myth that pure mathematical shapes were the intrinsic expression of industrial production and an idea that such
shapes communicated utopian values of permanence and universality. -
Plastic house
By Verner Panton -
Oral contraceptive pill
The pillʼs easy birth-control option helped change social and, to an extent, cultural attitudes. -
fibreglass Ball
Produced by Asko -
Those Things chair
Designed by Murdoch -
Gyro
Produced by Asko -
Pastille
Produced by Asko -
Valentine typewriter
Designed by Ettore Sottsass Jr and Olivetti -
Icsid removed any definition from the constitution
-
Eileen Gray's death
-
Studio Alchimia
Antifunctionalist design studio formed in Milan -
Postmodern work by Ettore Sottsass Jr
-
Art Chairs-Chair Art series
By Panton -
Chrysler came back from a crisis
With a range of vehicles that were the
most innovative to emerge from Detroit for some time -
Netherlands Design Institute was founded
By the Dutch government under the Directorship of John Thackara -
The Netherlands Design Institute closed
