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Plankalkul
Konrad Zuse
Designed for engineering purposes -
FORTRAN
John Backus, IBM
General-purpose, imperative programming language that is especially suited to numeric computation and scientific computing -
MATH-MATIC
Charles Katz
Intended as an improvement over FORTRAN -
Lisp
Steve Russell, Timothy Hart, Mike Levin
Originally created as a practical mathematical notation for computer programs -
COBOL
Howard Bromberg, Howard Discount, Vernon Reeves, Jean E. Sammet, William Selden, Gertrude Tierney
Designed to be self-documenting and highly readable -
RPG
IBM
A tool to replicate punched card processing on the IBM 1401 -
BASIC
John George Kemeny, Thomas Eugene Kurtz
Wanted to enable students to be able to learn coding and not just mathematicians and scientists. -
LOGO
Wally Feurzieg, Seymour Papert
Originally conceived to teach concepts of programming related to LISP and only later to enable what Papert called "body-syntonic reasoning" where students could understand (and predict and reason about) the turtle's motion by imagining what they would do if they were the turtle -
B
Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie
Designed for recursive, non-numeric, machine independent applications -
PASCAL
Niklaus Wirth
Small and efficient language intended to encourage good programming practices using structured programming and data structuring -
C
Dennis Ritchie
Used to re-implement the Unix operating system -
ML
Robin Milner
Conceived to develop proof tactics in the LCF theorem prover -
SQL
Donald D. Chamberlin, Raymond F. Boyce
Designed for managing data held in a relational database management system (RDBMS), or for stream processing in a relational data stream management system -
ADA
Tucker Taft, Jean Ichbiah
Aims to improve the safety and maintainability by leveraging the compiler to find compile-time errors in favor of runtime errors
Named after Ada Byron -
C++
Bjarne Stroustrup
It is designed with a bias toward system programming and embedded, resource-constrained and large systems, with performance, efficiency and flexibility of use as its design highlights. -
Python
Guido Rossum
Widely used general-purpose, high-level programming language. Its design philosophy emphasizes code readability, and its syntax allows programmers to express concepts in fewer lines of code than would be possible in languages such as C++ or Java -
Visual Basic
Microsoft
Enables the rapid application development (RAD) of graphical user interface (GUI) applications, access to databases using Data Access Objects, Remote Data Objects, or ActiveX Data Objects, and creation of ActiveX controls and objects -
Java
James Gosling, Sun Microsystems, Oracle Corporation
Intended to let application developers "write once, run anywhere", meaning that compiled Java code can run on all platforms that support Java without the need for recompilation -
JavaScript
Brendan Eich, Netscape Communications Corporation, Mozilla Foundation, Ecma International
It has an API for working with text, arrays, dates and regular expressions, but does not include any I/O, such as networking, storage or graphics facilities, relying for these upon the host environment in which it is embedded -
PHP
Rasmus Lerdorf
Designed for web development but also used as a general-purpose programming language -
Delphi
Embarcadero Technologies
Developed by Borland as a rapid application development tool for Windows