Normal Phonological Development

By abernar5

  • Prelinguistic Behavior

    Prelinguistic Behavior
    System changes Respiratory system Phonatory and Resonatory system Perceptual development

  • Stage 1: Reflexive and vegetative sounds

    Reflexive vocalizations=Anything automatic reflective the physical state. Ex. cries, coughs, grunts
    Vegetative sounds=Sounds associated with activity or feeding. Birth-2 mos.

  • Stage 2: Cooing and laughter

    Cooing and Gooing=Comfortable states 2-4 mos.

  • Stage 3: Vocal Play

    Prolonged vowel and consonant like sounds while cooing and gooing as well as when they are not in comfort. 4-6 mos.

  • Stage 4: Canonical babbling

    Canonical babbling=Reduplicated and non redupliacted babbling
    Reduplicated=C1V1C1V1C1V1 (mamama)
    Nonreduplicated=C1V1C2V2 (mabo)
    6+months Open syllables are the most frequently used Quantity and diveristy of babbling predicts langauge skills

  • Stage 5: Jargon Stage

    Babbled utterances modulated by intonation, rhythm, and pausing (prosodic features). 10+ mos. Falling pitch=most common intonation in the 1st year of life. From babbling to words. Sometimes hard to differentiate between the two. Consistency and Context.

  • Linguistic Phase

    Begins the moment the first meaningful word is produced. First word=consistently produced and recognizably related to the adult form. 12 mos.

  • First Fifty Words Continued

    Prosodic features
    Pitch differences can indicate different meanings ma^mav vs. mavma^
    Syntactical function=Child may hum a tune and get the words later...uh-oh!
    p. 131 of text

  • The First Fifty Words

    First word until about 18 mos. Phonetic variability=unstable productions. Small number of stable productions. Not a large array of syllable structures. Most common=CV, VC, CVC First vowel sounds are typlically /a/(dialectal bot) or bot
    First consonant sounds are typically /p/ or /m/
    Lots of variability p. 127 of text Salience factor=Children will use words with sounds they have acquired
    Avoidance factor=Child's tendency to avoid words with sounds that are not in their repitoire

  • The Preschool Child

    End of the first fifty word stage (18-24 mos) till 5 years of age Vowels are typically mastered by age 3. Really lacking research in this area...anyone want to get their Ph.D? :) Consonant inventory data is typically collected with articulation test and right/wrong answers. This is problematic. Phonological processes-Easier forms for a child to produce in an attempt to use and organize the phonological system effectively.
    There is an age of suppression.

  • The Preschool Child Continued

    Prosodic Features
    Contrastive stress=One syllable in a two-word utterance becomes prominent
    Can denote meaning
    MOMMY go. (Meaning mom, not dad, should go)
    Mommy GO. (Meaning mom, move)

  • The School-Age Child

    5 years+
    Most sounds have been acquired although some will not be articulated correctly. All about refinment. Later-developing sounds (the late 8) and processes (CCR). Strong correlation between phonological development (especially segmentation skills) and later reading achievement. Phonological awareness=Awareness of the sound or phonological structure of a spoken word in contrast to written words.
    Phonemic awareness-Phoneme level. Awareness that words are composed of individual sounds.

  • The School-Age Child Continued

    Prosodic Feature Development Children as old as 12 years are still acquiring some fundamentals of intonation