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30,000 BCE
First Occupants Arrive
The first occupants arrived in North America from Siberia by the Bering Strait Land Bridge. -
Period: 1500 to
First Occupants
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1534
Jacques Cartier 1st voyage
The King of France sent Jacques Cartier on his first voyage to:
1- Claim new territory for the King of France
2- Find precious resources (cod; minerals: silver, diamonds, spices)
3- Evangelize -
1535
Jacques Cartier 2nd voyage
On Jacques Cartier 2nd voyage he came by the St Lawrence river and he made contact with the natives at 2 points:
1- Stadacona
2- Hochelaga -
Quebec City
Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec city the first permanent settlement in New France. -
Period: to
French Regime
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The Company of One Hundred Associates
The King of France mandated the Company of One Hundred Associates to populate New France. However the company only attracted several hundred colonist when the goal was 4000. -
Trois-Rivières
Champlain put Sieur de Laviolette in charge of finding a second settlement at the confluence of the St. Maurice and St. Lawrence rivers. -
Ville-Marie
Paul Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve founded Ville-Marie close to the Iroquois village of Hochelaga along with other people such as the nurse Jeanne Mance. -
Intendant, Jean Talon
The King of France decided to foster the development of New France. So he created the position of intendant who was in charge of settlement and the planning of the territory. -
Carignan-Salières
The King sent 1200 soldiers of the Carignan-Salières to contain the Iroquois and to ensure the colonists' security. After their military service Jean Talon encouraged them to stay in the colony. Approximately 600 soldiers remained and started their family by marrying a Fille du Roy. -
Filles du Roy
To balance the proportion between women and men the King encouraged girls who were old enough to get married (often orphans) to emigrate to New France. More than 800 Filles du Roy settled down in New France and most got married. They gave birth to 4450 children. -
Capitulation of Montreal
England and France were in war in Europe so that meant that the colonies were at war too. In the colonies the British won and the French surrendered. But the war still continued in Europe. -
Period: to
British Regime
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The Treaty of Paris
In 1763, the Treaty of Paris officially ended the seven year war in Europe. -
Loyalists settlements
During the American Revolution, those who were still loyal to the British King were called loyalists and 46 000 of them immigrated to British North America. -
Rural exodus
There was a rural exodus because the farms were over populated and the machines were starting to take over jobs so people went to urban areas in search for jobs. (1815-1840) -
The Great Famine
There was a period of mass starvation in Ireland. The main food source was potatoes and a disease made the potatoes not fit to eat. Approximately 1 million people emigrated and 1 million people died. -
Immigration policies from 1867 to 1885
The Prime Minister John A Macdonald implemented a National Policy in which he wanted to populate the west of the dominion by immigration and workers needed to build the railroad. -
Period: to
Contemporary Period
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Baby Boom
After the second World War, the return of the soldiers and the economic prosperity lead to the growth of the population as marriages and births increased. The fertility rate was 3.84 children per women. -
Immigration Act
The Immigration act specified the criteria used to allow immigrants entry. Those who could enter are British subjects, French citizens, U.S residents and Asians that already had family in Canada. -
Immigration after the Immigration Act
In 1962, the Government eliminated any criteria that was racially discriminatory. -
The White Paper
"The White Paper" was a new policy. The Criteria was now based on skill such as Knowledge of French and English. -
Immigration after "The White Paper"
In 1969, Canada would now aid in the settlement of refugees. -
Immigration Act of 1976
This Immigration Act now encourages population growth, enriches cultural heritage, facilitates family reunions, facilitates the adaptation of new residents into society selections with non-discriminatory criteria and maintains humanitarian attitude towards refugees. -
Bill 101
In 1976, the Quebec Government enacted The Charter of the French language or Bill 101 which protects the French language in Quebec and made it so immigrant children had to go to French public school. -
Quebec Government policies after 1980
In Quebec after 1980 there were birth incentives such as Office de garde a l'enfance, Tax breaks for having children, Centre de la Petite Enfance and 5$ a day daycare and the Quebec Parental Insurance Plan. -
Brain Drain
In the 2000s, some of the most educated and skilled workers left to find a place where there were better paying salaries and more job opportunities, some went to the U.S.
