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Jan 22, 1561
Sir Francis Bacon
Sir Francis Bacon is most known for his work in developing the Baconian Meathod, or as it is known today, simply the scientific Meathod. He popularized inductive reasoning as the main meathod for gathering data. Much of his work with the scientific meathod is still used today as the basis of gathering information to begin an experiment. -
Rene Decartes
Rene Decartes was a French philosopher and mathmetician. In philosophy he is most well known for his theories on dualism and moral philosophy. He argued that the mind controls the body, however the body has some degree of influence over the mind, which then explains passion. Decarte described morals as a science rather than an abstract concept and stated that a well informed mind helped the body make better decisions -
John Locke
John Locke was well known as a English philosopher and physician. He was one of the most well known enlightenement thinkers. Locke is best known for his idea of Tabula Rasa, which stated that all humans were born with a "blank slate" and that experinece comes from experience and perception. -
Dorothea Dix
Dorothea Dix was most known for her work the the clinically insane. She lobbied heavily for the first mental asylums to be established in the United States and is credited with raising the standards of living for the insane in the United States. -
Charles Darwin
Charles darwin was an English naturalist. He is most known for his work on Equadorian islands, and established that all species of life had once descended from a common ancestor, and proposed that evolution happened through a process of natural selection. Thus, he is credited with the phrase survival of the fittest. -
Wilhelm Wundt
Wilhelm Wundt was a German physician and psychologist. He is well known as the "father of experimental psychology". Wundt claimed that a human's soul – if one existed – was irrelevant, as humans could only be understood in terms of physically observable phenomena. He also taught courses based on scientific psychology and stressed using experimental meathods to prove points. -
William James
William James was an American Psychologist and philosopher. James is most known for his work on free will, he asserted that his will was free and nobody controlled it. James was also a known follower of Charles Darwin's work, and he added to it, stating that humans had many instincts however they could be overidden by experience, and many were actually already in conflict with one another. -
G. Stanley Hall
Granville Stanley Hall was well known for being a pioneering American psychologist and educator. Hall was known for sharing similar views as Freud, and was responsible for inviting Freud on his only trip to America. Hall is also known for starting the idea of racial eugenics, and also the gender division when attending schools. -
Mary Whiton Calkuins
Caulkins was an American psychologist and philosopher, she is well known for her work on self psychology and dream research. Much of her dream work influenced Dr. Freud in his work. Caulkins stated that the self acts purposefully and consciously. -
E.B. Titchner
E.B. Titchner was a British Psychologist. He was most known for founding Structuralism. Titchener believed that the goal of psychology was to study mind and consciousness. He thought of the mind as the accumulated experience of a lifetime. He concluded that there were 3 types of mental elements Sensations , Images , and affections. However, today Structuralism is nearly extinct, with almost nobody using the Titchner meathod of introspection. -
Margaret Floy Washburn
Margaret Floy Washburn was an American psychologist. She was best known for her experimental work in animal behavior and motor theory development. She was also the first woman to be granted a PhD in psychology. Her influlential textbook The Animal Mind: A Textbook of Comparative Psychology talks about the minds of over 100 animals, in it she asserted that animals had similar behavioral aspects as humans. -
Rosalie Rayner
Rosalie Rayner was well known for her psychological experiments with John B. Watson. Together they performed the "Little Albert" experiment which was an experiment that tested the association of fear with loud noises for Children. They both found that after hearing loud noises the child associated them with the rat that had been presented at the time of the noise, therefore rejecting it. -
Aristotle
Aristotle was known for his work as a philosopher and polymath, he was a student of Plato, and taught Alexander the Great. He is also well known for his work in Psychology after publishing his book, "On The Soul". In this book he describes three souls that humans contain, the vegetative soul, the sensitive soul, and the rational soul. Humans share the vegative soul with all living things, the sensitive soul with animals, however only humans are able to have the rational soul. -
Plato
Plato was a greek mathematician, and philosopher. In his books Plato states that knowledge is a matter of recollection, and not of learning, obervation, or study. Plato's idea of goverment also stated that only reason and wisdom should govern. -
Socrates
Socrates was a Greek Athenian philosopher. Socrates is well known for being the founders of the Socratic meathod, which included asking participants a series of questions, to assist in figuring out the answer. This meathod is still used today and is heavily applied when using the scientific meathod.
