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Darwin published On the Origin of Species by Natural Selection
Darwin went on a ship called the Beagle for five years and and after seeing what he had seen, he concluded through fossils that animals have been slowly changing or evovling and they called it "Natural Selection"
http://www.muskingum.edu/~psych/psycweb/history/darwin.htm#Time Line -
Wilhelm Wundt
Wrote Principles of Physiological Psychology helped to create experimental procedures in psychological research. Wundt was associated with describing the structures that compose the mind. His method was to describe inner thoughts, feelings, and emotions through introspection. Created Internal Perception which involved a well trained observer who would be aware when a slight of interest was introduced. http://psychology.about.com/od/profilesofmajorthinkers/p/wundtprofile.htm -
William James and The Pinciples of Psychology
He published "The Principles of Psychology". His four methods were analysis, introspection, experiment, and comparison. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principles_of_Psychology -
Pavlov publishes his findings on classical conditioning
Classical conditioning is a reflexive or automatic type of learning in which a stimulus acquires the capacity to evoke a response that was originally evoked by another stimulus. http://psychology.about.com/od/psychology101/a/timeline.htm
http://psychology.about.com/od/behavioralpsychology/a/classcond.htm -
John Watson and Human Behavior
He published Behavior: An Introduction to Comparative Psychology. Watson says that behaviorism is the scientific study of what people do. Behviorism is supposed to take psychology up to the same level as other sciences. http://www.muskingum.edu/~psych/psycweb/history/watson.htm#Time Line -
Sigmund Freud
Frued came up with the idea of the Conscious Mind. He wrote is first piece of literature called The Psychopathology Of Everyday Life in 1914
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/bhfreu.html -
Mary Cover Jones
The “Mother of behavior therapy”. Was known for her theory behavior therapy.Mostly behavior patterns in young children. She worked with the fears and reactions of infants and young children. Jones work reflected an eclectic theoretical outlook and an emphasis on the whole person in his or her development. “Pedagogical Seminary” was created in 1924. It explained the laboratory study of fear which was her first examination that she had on a child.http://www.psych.yorku.ca/femhop/Cover%20Jones.htm -
Jean Piaget and Cognitive Development
His theory was Cognitive Development and he said that there are four stages of Cognitive Development. They were Sensorimotor, Pre-Operational Period, Concrete Operational, and Formal Operational. http://www.muskingum.edu/~psych/psycweb/history/piaget.htm#Theory -
Lev Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory of Learning
His Theory was the Sociocultural Theory of Learning. The sociocultural theory consists of several elements to help implement it. Two of them are that children contruct their knowledge, and the zone of proximal development (ZPD). http://www.muskingum.edu/~psych/psycweb/history/vygotsky.htm -
B.F. Skinner
Invented the cumulative recorder which was a mechanical device that recorded every response as an upward movement of horizontally moving line. Skinner introduced Reinforcement which means that behaviors that happen once may often at times be repeated. Behavior that is not reinforced may die out or no longer exist. One of Skinner’s scientific experiments was putting a animals in a box also known as the “Skinner Box”. http://www.simplypsychology.org/operant-conditioning.html -
Erik Erickson
Created the Developmental Theory Explaining the eight psychosocial states that humans face during their life. In 1950 Erickson created his first theory called Childhood and Society.
http://www.muskingum.edu/~psych/psycweb/history/erikson.htm -
Harry Harlow
Harry used monkey’s to compare children to their parents. The test confirmed that the action of placing infants with adoptive parents was possible right after the birth of the child. He separated infant monkeys from their mothers a few hours after birth and then arranged for the young animals to be “raised up” by two different monkeys. Henry created his first piece of literature called “Love in infant Monkeys”.http://pages.uoregon.edu/adoption/studies/HarlowMLE.htm -
Carl Rodgers
He began to question the standard methodologies and procedures of psychology due to the fact that he obtained better results upon simply listening and allowing his patient to determine the rate of treatment. In his book On Becoming a Person he stated that "Unless I had a need todemonstrate my own cleverness and learning, I would do better to rely upon the client for the direction of movement."
http://muskingum.edu/~psych/psycweb/history/rogers.htm#Time Line -
Chomsky publishes On Nature, Use of Acqusition of Language
His theory was Language Acqusition. It states that a child will learn to speak with or without their parents help and that they don't need a trigger to start Language Acqusition because it will start on its own.
http://www.muskingum.edu/~psych/psycweb/history/chomsky.htm#Time Line -
Abraham Maslow
Was know for his theory of “Being Needs”. His first book that explained his theory was called Toward a psychology of being in 1968
http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/maslow.html
