Mongols (Morgan Moore1st)

Recievance

Nov 21, 1206

Temüjin received the title of Chinggis Khan

Western Xia

Nov 21, 1207

Mongols comprised much of northwestern China and parts of Tibet.

Western Xia

Period: Nov 21, 1207 to Nov 21, 1210

Uyghur Turks also submitted peacefully to the Mongols and became valued administrators throughout the empire. The creation of classic Mongolian script.

Genghis Khan

Nov 21, 1211

Genghis Khan led his armies across the Gobi Desert against the Jin Dynasty of northern China.

Jin Capital

Nov 21, 1215

The Mongols captured the Jin capital of Zhongdu in the Battle of Zhongdu.

Moving West

Nov 21, 1218

The Mongols captured Zhetysu and the Tarim Basin, occupying Kashgar. The execution of Mongol envoys by the Khwarezmian Shah Muhammad set in motion the first Mongol westward thrust.

Invasion of Transoxiana

Nov 21, 1219

The Mongols crossed the Jaxartes (Syr Darya) and begin their invasion of Transoxiana.

Asian War

Nov 21, 1219

Mongols waged a war in central Asia and destroyed the Khwarezmid Empire. One notable feature was that the campaign was launched from several directions at once.

Waging a war

Period: Nov 24, 1219 to Nov 24, 1221

While the campaign in northern China was still in progress, the Mongols waged a war in central Asia and destroyed the Khwarezmid Empire. The attack was launched from several directions at once. In addition, it was notable for special units assigned by Genghis Khan personally to find and kill Ala al-Din Muhammad II, the Khwarazm shah who fled from them, and ultimately ended up hiding on an island in the Caspian Sea.

Victory of Slavic

Nov 24, 1223

The Mongols gained a decisive victory at the Battle of the Kalka River, the first engagement between the Mongols and the East Slavic warriors.

Genghis's Death

Nov 24, 1227

Genghis Khan's death; Mongol leaders returned to Mongolia for kuriltai. The empire at this point covered nearly about four times the size of the Roman or Macedonian Empires.

New Great Khan

Nov 24, 1229

Ögedei elected as Great Khan.

First Missile Rockets

Nov 24, 1232

Mongol siege of Kaifeng. Missile-rockets were used by Jurcheds for the first time in history

Suicidal Conquering

Nov 24, 1234

Caizhou fell to the Mongols and the Jin Emperor Aizong committed suicide. The Mongols conquered the Jin dynasty

Mongols invade Europe

Nov 24, 1236

The Mongols invaded Korea. The beginning of the Mongol invasion of Europe

Song War

Period: Nov 24, 1236 to Nov 24, 1237

The Mongol-Song war began

Invading Georgia

Period: Nov 24, 1236 to Nov 24, 1239

The Mongol invasion of Georgia and Armenia under Chormaqan

KIevan Rus'

Nov 24, 1237

Under the leadership of Batu Khan, the Mongols returned to the West and began their campaign to subjugate Kievan Rus'

Kiev

Nov 24, 1240

The Mongols terminated Kiev

Hungarians beaten

Nov 24, 1241

Hungarians and Croatians at the Battle of Sajo and Poles, Templars and Teutonic Knights at the Battle of Legnica are beaten.

Paying Annual Tribute

Period: Nov 24, 1241 to Nov 24, 1242

The Mongols under Batu and Kadan invaded Bulgaria and forced them to pay annual tribute as vassals.

Surrending to the Mongols

Nov 24, 1243

Western army made Seljuks of Anatolia a part of Mongol empire. The Lesser Armenians and the Empire of Trebizond surrendered to the Mongol Empire.

New Great Khan

Nov 24, 1246

Güyük elected as Great khan

Population

Nov 24, 1247

The first registration of the population of the empire.

New Great Khan died

Nov 24, 1248

Great khan Güyük died

Great Purge Families

Nov 24, 1251

Möngke, the elder son of Tolui, elected as Great khan. The great purge of the Ogedied and Chagataid families.

Monetary Affairs

Nov 24, 1253

Mongol control over Yunnan. The Administration of Monetary Affairs was established in Karakorum.

Baiju Crushes Rebellion

Nov 24, 1256

Hulagu exterminated the order of Hashshashins, whose leader was known as Old Man of the Mountain. The foundation of Ilkhanate. Baiju crushed the rebellion of the Seljuks in Turkey.

First Mongol Invasion

Nov 25, 1257

The first Mongol invasion of Đại Việt (Vietnam) which put the country in temporary humiliated vassalage. Mongols sacked Thăng Long (Hanoi). Deadly heat forced them to leave Vietnam.

Incursion against Lithuania

Nov 25, 1258

The Mongols occupied Baghdad. The fate of Abbasid Caliphate.

: Mongol invasion of Syria

Nov 25, 1259

The death of Möngke. Rebellions of ruling aristocracies in Georgia and Armenia. Second incursion against Poland, led by Burundai.

Ruling

Period: Nov 25, 1260 to Nov 25, 1262

The Battle of Ain Jalut and the First Battle of Homs. Mongol defeated by Egyptian Mamluks.Two Great Khans in Mongol Empire: Kublai Khan and Ariq Böke. The Toluid Civil War had begun, which marked the end of a united empire.The end of the direct rule of Goyreo as a result of the peace treaty. Goryeo became a tributary client kingdom of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty.

Berke–Hulagu war.

Nov 25, 1262

The war between Golden Horde and Ilkhanate in Caucasus

New Things

Nov 25, 1269

Kaidu, with support from Chagatai Khanate and Golden Horde, held an assembly to oppose Kublai. The School of Mongolian language studies was established by Kublai Khan's decree. Square script was introduced by Phagspa lama.

Yuan Dynansty

Nov 25, 1271

The establishment of Yuan Dynasty by Kublai Khan.

Paper Money

Nov 25, 1273

Paper money issued by the decree of Kublai Khan within the Yuan Dynasty.

Invasion of Japan

Nov 25, 1274

The first Mongol invasion of Japan (Battle of Bun'ei). The second full scale census in the Golden Horde and its vassals Russian principalities. Smolensk, the last of Russian major city-states became subject to the Golden Horde.

Song Dynasty Fails

Nov 25, 1276

The fall of Song Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty.

Lords of China

Nov 25, 1279

Mongols of Yuan Dynasty became supreme lords of all China.

Battles Lost

Nov 25, 1281

The second Mongol invasion of Japan Battle of Kōan. The Second Battle of Homs. Mongol defeated by Egyptian Mamluks.

Mongols Succeed

Nov 25, 1287

Pagan Kingdom falls to Mongols of Yuan Dynasty who installed a puppet king. Third incursion against Poland.

Mongol Invasion Failure

Nov 25, 1288

Failed third Mongol invasion of Vietnam (Battle of Bạch Đằng (1288)), which made Đại Việt and Champa tributary vassals of the Yuan Dynasty.

Kublai Khan died.

Nov 25, 1294

His grandson Oljeitu Temür became his successor of the Yuan Dynasty.

Battle of Wadi al-Khazandar

Nov 25, 1299

also known as the Third Battle of Homs. A Mongol victory over the Mamluks.