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Emperor Agustín de Iturbide
1822-1823 Agustín de Iturbide officially announced the Plan of Iguala, where the independence of Mexico and its formation as an empire under a constitutionalist monarchical form of government was proclaimed; the staunch defense of the Catholic religion. -
José María Bocanegra
Bocanegra worked in the Royal Court and was an honorary member of the Bar Association. He adhered to the Plan of Iguala and in January 1822 he was elected Deputy in the First Constituent Congress, helping in the creation of the Constitution of 1824. -
Vicente Guerrero
Vicente Guerrero took possession on April 1, 1829; and despite the political and economic situation that the country was experiencing, during his administration he managed to promote free education, promoted agrarian reform, and issued the decree on the abolition of slavery (promulgated by Miguel Hidalgo in 1810. -
Pedro Vélez, Luis Quintanar, Lucas Alaman
He was president of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Federation, from 1820 to 1830; He occupied the presidency of Mexico on December 23, 1829. -
Guadalupe Victoria
1824-1829 He established the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation. He made the abolition of slavery effective. He is the creator of the organization of the National Army of the nascent Mexican Republic. Likewise, he proclaimed that the true statesman is he who creates wealth where there is misery and achieves satisfaction. -
Melchor Múzquiz
When the independence of Mexico was achieved, in 1823 he was the superior political leader of the province of Mexico, and later the first governor of the State of Mexico in 1824, a position he held again in 1830. He was military commander of Puebla in 1829, when he was promoted to major general. -
Manuel Gómez Pedraza
In 1848 he was president of the Senate, when the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was discussed and approved, which ended the United States' war against Mexico by dispossessing more than half of its national territory. -
Valentín Gómez Farías
1833-1834 When Mexican independence was declared, Gómez Farías was elected deputy to the first Mexican Congress in 1822. There he presented the proposal to elevate Agustín de Iturbide to the throne of Mexico, demanding that the nation assume the form of government of a Catholic, constitutional and hereditary monarchy. . -
Miguel Barragán
1835-1836 He participated in the struggles for independence, in which he obtained the surrender of the castle of San Juan de Ulúa (1825), the last Spanish bastion in Mexico. -
José Justo Corro
1836-1837 It was up to José Justo Corro to put into force in 1836 the Seven Laws that would give rise to the new Constitution that repealed that of 1824. Drafted by the conservative centralists under the guidance of Lucas Alamán, the new Magna Carta ended the federal system and established as form of government the central republic. -
Anastasio Bustamante
1837-1839 Under his government, the Banco de Avió was created to grant Mexican businessmen credits for the acquisition of machinery and raw materials or the payment of salaries. -
Javier Echeverría
Javier Echeverría managed to increase the consumption tax by 10%. Retired from the government, he saved the San Carlos Academy of Fine Arts from ruin, and promoted the House of Correction for Youth. -
Anastasio Bustamante
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Valentín Canalizo
Valentín Canalizo helped establish the dictatorship of General Antonio López de Santa Anna, who in 1841 promoted him to brigadier general. Appointed interim president by him in October 1843, he held that position until Santa Anna's return to the presidency in June of the following year. -
Mariano Paredes Arrillaga
Mariano Paredes Arrillaga was briefly Secretary of War in 1835. In 1839 he participated in the repression of the federalist uprising of May 18, in Jalisco, together with Governor Escobedo. Later, in 1841, he fought against the Bustamante government for not having attempted the reconquest of Texas and for having given in to French aggression. -
Mariano Salas
Mariano Salas was a defender of the government of President Guadalupe Victoria when the Plan de Montaño was launched in 1827. He fought in Tampico against the invasion of the Spanish Isidro Barradas in 1829. He was promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1832. He commanded one of the columns in the assault on the Alamo, and fought in action at Llano Perdido. -
Nicolás Bravo
1839-1846 Nicolás Bravo also participated in the campaign against the independent Texans in 1833, and in 1846 he stood out for the defense of the departments of Puebla, Veracruz, Oaxaca and Tabasco against the American invasion, always keeping in mind the independence of Mexico counts. -
Valentín Gómez Farías
His main government action was to repeal the Seven Centralist Laws, issued in 1836, and restore the Constitution of 1824. In this way the country briefly returned to the federalist system. -
Pedro María Anaya
1847-1848 Pedro María Anaya was a soldier and general of the Mexican army. He had an important participation supporting independence movements in Central America. During the American Intervention in Mexico, he was named President of the Republic, replacing Antonio López de Santa Anna. -
Manuel de la Peña y Peña
1847-1848 Manuel de la Peña y Peña signed the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo on February 2, 1848, ceding more than half of the Mexican territories to the Americans, receiving fifteen million pesos in compensation. He left the presidency in the hands of José Joaquín Herrera on June 2, 1848. -
José Joaquín Herrera
1848-1851 José Joaquín Herrera after the Plan of Iguala, he led Iturbide's partisan troops, and was Minister of War. He was President of the Republic. -
Mariano Arista
1851-1853 Juan Bautista Ceballos his most recognizable work during this period was protesting against the decree of September 21 that suppressed freedom of the press. Ceballos gained power when Mariano Arista resigned from his position as president. -
Juan Bautista Ceballos
Juan Bautista Ceballos his most recognizable work during this period was protesting against the decree of September 21 that suppressed freedom of the press. Ceballos gained power when Mariano Arista resigned from his position as president. -
Manuel María Lombardini
He fought the French in the Pie War in 1838, the Americans during the Texas Independence in 1836, and the American Intervention in Mexico in 1847. -
Rómulo Díaz de la Vega
Rómulo Díaz de la Vega he fought the French during the Cake War (1838). He fought against American intervention. He was military commander of Puebla (1849) and Tamaulipas (1850) and governor of Yucatán. -
Juan Alvarez
Juan Alvarez defeated the Spanish forces in Tampico who were making a last attempt to reconquer. -
Antonio López de Santa Anna
1833-1855 A lo largo de 38 años participó en más batallas que ningún otro militar de alto rango en nuestra historia. En 1829 derrotó en Tampico a las fuerzas españolas que hacían un último intento de reconquistar México y se elevó a la categoría de benemérito. -
Martín Carrera
Martín Carrera was appointed military commander of The Citadel. In 1831 he published a military manual: Use and maneuver practices of light mountain artillery. He was promoted to colonel in 1833, specializing in artillery. Later, in 1840, he was again promoted to brigadier general and awarded the Military Cross of Honor Medal. -
Ignacio Comonfort
Ignacio Comonfort was the first promoter of the Ayutla Plan who did not know Santa Anna. In 1855 he was appointed by General Álvarez, Minister of War; position he held until December 11 when he was elected substitute President. -
Félix Zuloaga
Félix Zuloaga fought the invaders in the south of the capital in 1847, returning to Chihuahua. In Chihuahua, he was a Councilor and Constitutional Mayor. He returned to the Army in 1851. -
Manuel Robles Pezuela
Manuel Robles Pezuela took part in the First North American War of Intervention in Mexico. He was Minister of War and Navy during the government of Mariano Arista and minister of foreign affairs and ambassador of the United States. Lieutenant Colonel of Engineers of the Mexican Army (1844). He participated in several revolts and riots. -
Miguel Miramón
1859-1860 He served in the Reform War at first. He was head of the Northern Army in which he obtained repeated triumphs. -
Ignacio Pavón
During the Reform War (1858-1860) he was president of the Supreme Court with the conservative governments. In 1863 he was part of the Provisional Executive of the Regency, but was dismissed for not abiding by its provisions. -
Emperor Maximilian von Hapsburg
1864-1867 Maximilian von Hapsburg preserved some of the Reform Laws, such as the confiscation of ecclesiastical property. He integrated members of the liberal party into his cabinet. He promoted a decree to abolish the debts that the peones had acquired with the landowners. -
Benito Juárez
1855-1872 Benito Juárez achieved economic balance and carrying out public works such as roads, the reconstruction of the government palace, the founding of normal schools, the creation of a geographical map and the map of the city of Oaxaca. -
Sebastian Lerdo de Tejada
1872-1876 Sebastian Lerdo de Tejada first railway line betwen Mexico and Veracruz was put into operation, which meant the beginning of another of the progress projects cherished by the liberals: improving communications. He died in New York, where he had lived since leaving power. -
Porfirio Díaz
1876-1880 Porfirio Díaz fue un político y militar que destacó en diversos hechos de armas y procesos políticos de relevancia para la historia nacional. Su carrera como militar comenzó en 1854, cuando se adhirió al Plan de Ayutla, mediante el cual se desconoció al gobierno del General Antonio López de Santa Anna -
Manuel González
1880-1884 Manuel González was elected President of the Republic from 1880 to 1884. During his government he made progress with the conciliation of all political groups, the decimal metric system was implemented, relations with England were reestablished and during this period nickel coins were issued. . -
Porfirio Díaz
1884-1911 Porfirio Díaz achieved control of the Army, with the elimination and separation of the leaders and the exclusion of the great commanders, for which he divided the national territory into twelve military zones and these, in turn, in chief. tures of weapons, whose number was greater than thirty. -
Francisco I. Madero
1911-1913 Francisco I. Madero paid good wages to his workers and established basic education schools, public canteens and a hospital. In addition, he learned and practiced homeopathy to help the day laborers on his farm. -
Pedro Lascurain
Pedro Lascurain was rector of the Escuela Libre de Derecho, the top bar association in Mexico City, for 16 years, and published extensively on civil and commercial law. He served as mayor of Mexico City before entering President Madero's cabinet on April 10, 1913. -
Victoriano Huerta
1913-1914 Victoriano Huerta established a counterrevolutionary dictatorship and Obregón, joining the fight on the side of the constitutionalists, improvised an armed group with nearly 800 Yaqui Indians who became the base of what would later be known as the Army of the Northeast. -
Eulalio Gutiérrez
Eulalio Gutiérrez was a magician and collaborated in the armed movements that preceded the Revolution, taking up arms in Jiménez and Ciudad Acuña. Being a captain, he first revolted by participating in the Mexican Revolution, achieving important military achievements in the states of Coahuila and Zacatecas at the end of 1910. -
Francisco S. Carbajal
Francisco S. Carbajal during his brief period of government, the “Treaties of Teoloyucan” were signed between the forces of Victoriano Huerta and the Northern Army, which established the evacuation of the federal army from the Plaza of Mexico City, and its discharge. -
Venustiano Carranza
1914-1920 Venustiano Carranza promoted the construction of a railway and a zinc calcining factory. Carranza helped with his irregular forces to fight the Orozquista rebellion in 1912. During the so-called “Tragic Decade”, Carranza offered military reinforcements to Madero and the possibility of moving the federal government to Saltillo. -
Adolfo de la Huerta
Adolfo de la Huerta managed to get the most important armed groups, such as the Villistas, to lay down their weapons. He did it through agreements and not through confrontation. His name, however, is remembered on a smaller scale than other revolutionary leaders. -
Álvaro Obregón
1920-1924 Alvaro Obregón supported Agua Prieta's rebellion against Venustiano Carranza in 1920. After Carranza's fall and during the interim administration of Adolfo de la Huerta, he was victorious in the presidential elections. Obregón begins the reconstruction of the country taking into account public education, foreign debt and the countryside. -
Plutarco Elías Calles
1924-1928 Plutarco Elías Calles created the Bank of Mexico, ordered the construction of roads, created the first airline, founded the Ejidal and Agrícola banks, restored the Chapingo School of Agronomy and founded the Medical-Veterinary School, built dams, irrigation systems and numerous rural schools. -
Emilio Portes Gil
1928-1930 He favored the distribution of the land; He took advantage of the fact that Calles was busy consolidating his power with a view to succession and distributed nearly 2 million hectares that benefited many peasants, and strengthened peasant organizations. -
Pascual Ortiz Rubio
1930–1932 Pascual Ortiz Rubio ratifies freedom of religion, decrees the Federal Labor Law, divides the Baja California peninsula into two territories, incorporates the territory of Quintana Roo into Yucatán and Campeche, inaugurates the Mexico-Laredo highway, and expands the telephone network. -
Abelardo L. Rodríguez
1932-1934 Abelardo L. Rodríguez founded Nacional Financiera, Petróleos Mexicanos, the Mortgage and Public Works Bank, created the Private Charity Law and the Organic Law of the Autonomous University of Mexico, in addition to inaugurating the Palace of Fine Arts and extending the presidential term from 4 to 6 years of management. -
Lázaro Cárdenas
1934-1940 Lázaro Cárdenas nationalized the oil industry, for having provided political asylum to Spanish exiles during the Spanish civil war. -
Manuel Ávila Camacho
1940-1946 Manuel Ávila Camacho during his presidential term, women were granted the vote at the municipal level; Also during his administration, the National Indigenous Institute, the National Youth Institute and the Fine Arts Institute were created, as well as the General Directorate of Tourism of the Ministry of the Interior. -
Miguel Alemán
1946-1952 Miguel Alemán Valdés During his presidential term, the country considerably increased its network of roads, railways and public works; Irrigation systems were improved and agricultural distribution grew. Private investment was also favored. -
Adolfo Ruiz Cortines
1952-1958 Adolfo Ruiz Cortines established the irrigation system in La Esperanza and the State Zoning and Planning Commission. Regulated urban subdivisions. Created positions for regional agronomists. -
Adolfo López Mateos
1958-1964 Adolfo López Mateos the ISSSTE and the National Museum of Anthropology were created. The electrical industry was also nationalized. His government was characterized by a policy of balance between conservative and progressive forces. -
Gustavo Díaz Ordaz
1964-1970 Gustavo Díaz Ordaz continued with the Stabilizing Development model, whose strategies consisted of the philosophy of eliminating economic barriers such as inflation, devaluations or the deficit in the balance of payments. (And on October 2, 1968 during a rally held by Mexican students in the Plaza de las Tres Culturas, the Tlatelolco massacre took place, where those attending the rally were attacked by members of the paramilitary group called “Olimpia Battalion”.) -
Luis Echeverría Álvarez
1970-1976 Luis Echeverría Álvarez promoted the development of seaports such as Puerto Madero and Lázaro Cárdenas, the National Council of Science and Technology was created, the Institute of the National Housing Fund for Workers, the Federal Consumer Prosecutor's Office. -
José López Portillo
1976-1982 José López-Portillo y Pacheco during his mandate, events occurred such as the concertation, the oilization of the economy and the application of the initial political reform to democratize the country and the first visit of Pope John Paul II. -
Miguel de la Madrid
1982-1988 Miguel de la Madrid Hurtado promoted the creation of the Contadora Group to find a solution to the conflicts in Central America, the 1986 Soccer World Cup was held and he achieved Mexico's entry into the GATT. -
Carlos Salinas de Gortari
1988-1994 Those attending the rally were attacked by elements of the Mexican Army and by members of the paramilitary group called “Olimpia Battalion”, which, as it would be known years later, was made up of members of the Presidential General Staff. -
Ernesto Zedillo
1994-2000 Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León during his six-year term, the Mexican public administration suffered important changes. The Public Administration Modernization Program was the first major attempt to reform the federal public administration under the international standards of the new public management. -
Vicente Fox
2000-2006 During Fox's six-year term, social policies were implemented such as scholarships for low-income students at the primary and secondary levels, preschool, kindergarten, and financial support for marginalized families. -
Felipe Calderón
2006-2012 Felipe Calderón implemented strategic programs such as the Rural Support Program (PROCAMPO), Rural Supply Program (DICONSA), Opportunities Human Development Program, Food Support Program. -
Enrique Peña Nieto
2012-2018 Enrique Peña Nieto reduced maternal mortality by 13 percent and infant death by 9 percent. -
Andrés Manuel López Obrador
2018-2024 Andrés Manuel López Obrador new labor reform was approved and applied; For the first time, free and secret voting is respected in union elections; The commissions charged by Afores to workers were reduced; Subcontracting, the so-called outsourcing, was eliminated and with the reform of the Constitution.