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Velasquez, the governor of Cuba,was convinced to let Hernán Cortés lead an expedition to Mexico. Velasquez canceled the voyage at the last minute, ignoring what he said, Cortés set sail with 11 ships and more than 500 men. Hernán Cortés was eager to take Mexico and settle in it, when the landed in 1519. Cortés was also interested in converting natives to Christianity.
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Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a respected Catholic priest made a a passionate rallying cry known as the Cry of Dolores. This started a a declaration of war against the colonial government. Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla went from village to village, and was defeated in January 1811. He then fled north, was captured, and killed.
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Mexico encouraged American citizens to move to Texas so they could populate. Thousands came and got it for inexpensive land for helping. In 1835 Stephen Austin encourage a revolt. Santa Anna lead to hold the rebellious territories back. He won a few battles but had to leave and say he would respect the independence of Texas.
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Others took over the rebellion, including José María Morelos y Pavón, Mariano Matamoros and Vicente Guerrero. They all lead armies of mixed races. The conflict went on until 1821 when the Treaty of Córdoba established Mexico as an independent constitutional monarchy.
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Santa Anna fought the United States again after he gained power again. Mad the United states invaded Mexico. After many battles he returned blind, poor, powerless, and basically forgotten.
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Juárez made a movement called La Reforma so they could redistribute land. The rebellion of Santa Anna brought down his government so he returned to Mexico. Later problems for poor famers occurred and many people started with a rebellion. three years later Juárez became president.
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French leader Napoleon the III sent a large army to Mexico. France had taken over Mexico. After 5 years the French decided it was to costly and left. Juárez was re elected and helped rebuild.
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Mexico Adopted the new constitution in 1917. Even though they have it it still is being worked on today.