-
7000 BCE
Agriculture
The Tehuacán began to experiment with agriculture -
5000 BCE
Corn and Chile
There is evidence that between 5000 and 7000 chili and corn began to be used -
3000 BCE
Corn
Farmers grow corn successfully -
Period: 2500 BCE to 200
Preclassic
-
2000 BCE
Beans, corn, chili and squash
Beans, corn, chili and squash became a great source of food -
2000 BCE
Prehispanic Era Music
-
Period: 2000 BCE to 1492
Prehispanic Era Music
Music was used in rituals, festivities and for communication.
The instruments were made with bones, clay, shells, wood, seeds and animal skins. -
1000 BCE
Olmec Culture
Olmec culture emerges in the southeast of the country -
Period: 1000 BCE to 500
Olmec Culture
-
Period: 650 BCE to 1521
Cholula
The pre-Hispanic city of Cholula is located 7 km from the current City of Puebla de Zaragoza in the State of the same name. It is a city with a long cultural history that goes back at least to the Late Preclassic, but it is until the Classic that the city becomes important as it forms part of the commercial network of Teotihuacán to the southeast, the region where the thin orange pottery came from. of great commercial importance at that time. -
600 BCE
Mayan Culture
Mayan culture emerges in Chichen Itza and Palenque -
Period: 600 BCE to 1521
Mayan Culture
-
Period: 500 BCE to 1521
Zapotecan Culture
Zapotecan culture emerges -
Period: 500 BCE to 800
Monte Albán
It was one of the most important cities in Mesoamerica. It was founded in 500 BC on top of a mountain in the center -
Period: 200 BCE to 1492
Prehispanic Era
-
Period: 100 to 1200
Cobá
The antiquity of Cobá dates back to the historical period known as the Late Preclassic (100-250 AD), although it was not until the Late Classic, between 600 and 900 AD, when the city reached its greatest splendor, managing to maintain its importance. politics, until the so-called Late Postclassic, that is, until the years 900-1200 AD. C. Cobá was one of the largest and most populated sites in the region, -
Period: 150 to 900
Classic
-
200
Invention of Chinampas
They invented the chinampa that are nothing more than a floating planter and agriculture was a success -
Period: 200 to 1450
Paquimé
The construction of Paquimé is widely attributed to people who demonstrated the marked characteristics of the Mogollón culture, which existed from c. 200 - 1450 CE in what is southern New Mexico and Arizona, as well as northern Mexico, but lively scholarly debate continues over the exact ethnicities and origins of the peoples who lived and founded Paquimé. -
Period: 250 to 900
Palenque, Chiapas
It was the capital of a powerful dynasty that dominated an extensive region, which included the north of Chiapas and the south of Tabasco. This city stands out for its urban development, for the high quality of its architectural and sculptural works, as well as for its numerous and well-preserved glyphic inscriptions. -
Period: 300 to 900
Teotihuacan culture
Teotihuacan culture. Pyramid constructions near present-day Mexico City -
Period: 300 to 900
Teotihuacan
Although important details are unknown, such as the place of provenance of the founders or the specific reasons why the culture disappeared, the archaeological remains indicate that during approximately eight hundred years Teotihuacan was the cultural center political and religious of Mesoamerica, so naturally it exercised its influence on other cultures. -
500
Cacao is discovered
The Mayans discovered a cacao tree in the rainforest and used them to make beverages. -
Period: 600 to 1000
Uxmal
It is said that the city of Uxmal was founded by the Xiues tribe. The occupation of the site dates back to the Upper Preclassic BC, however, the largest volume of construction work was carried out during the Late Classic period (600-1000 AD). It had a population of approximately 20,000 inhabitants. -
800
Chichén Itzá
The Itzáes settled in Chichén Itzá in the 9th century AD. It is believed that they were Putun or Chontal Mayans. They forged a vast domain with a unified culture whose center was Chichen Itza. Towards the end of the 10th century, the city was invaded by a predominantly warrior tribe: the Toltecs.
The legendary Mayan city of Chichen Itza, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1988 and a Wonder of the World since 2007 -
800
Tajín
Located in the State of Veracruz, the city of El Tajín reached its apogee between the beginning of the 9th and the 13th centuries, becoming the most important in northeastern Mesoamerica after the fall of the Teotihuacán Empire. -
Period: 800 to 1200
Tula
The archaeological zone of Tula, located to the north of the Basin of Mexico, is the settlement that after the Epiclassic or Late Classic period, unified, through trade and conquest, a vast territory in Mesoamerica, noting its influences from the area of the shoal to the Yucatan Peninsula, and even to El Salvador and Nicaragua. Its strategic position allowed it to control products such as turquoise, from northern Mesoamerica. -
Period: 900 to 1300
Toltecan Culture
-
Period: 900 to 1521
Postclassic
-
Period: 1200 to 1521
Mitla
The monuments that can be visited here are distributed in five groups, four of which are very similar to each other, being formed by two quadrangular patios surrounded by large halls on each of their sides. The other set is a single patio surrounded by stepped foundations made of adobe. The main characteristic of this area is that the façades of the halls and their interior walls are richly decorated with limestone mosaics forming frets. -
Period: 1250 to 1550
Tulum
Tulum is the gateway to the Sian Ka'an Biosphere Reserve, which was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1987, one of the most exuberant ecosystems on the planet that includes beaches, coral reefs, an abundant tropical jungle, dunes and cenotes. -
1300
Aztec Culture
Aztec culture emerges -
Period: 1300 to 1521
Mexica Culture
-
Period: 1300 to 1521
Purhépechan Culture
-
1325
Tenochtitlan is founded
The Aztecs founded the city of Tenochtitlan -
1400
Ciudad Histórica de Guanajuato
This wealth led to the construction of large religious, civil, and industrial buildings, as well as an entire infrastructure that included underground streets, tunnels, dams, and mining facilities, both in the central area and in neighboring neighborhoods. The “Boca del Infierno” stands out, a mine shaft 12 meters in diameter and 600 meters deep. -
1400
Xochimilco
Xochimilco is particularly important due to the existence of chinampas. They have their origin in a Mesoamerican agricultural technique that was developed and shared by several towns in the Valley of Mexico. After the desiccation of the Anáhuac lakes, only Xochimilco and Tláhuac9 retain the chinampería. In order to contribute to the conservation of the lake environment, UNESCO proclaimed the chinampas of Xochimilco as a World Heritage Site in 1987. -
1492
New Products
The first Spaniards arrived in the new world and with them the exchange of products -
1500
Ciudad Histórica Fortificada de Campeche
The hexagonal wall measured 2,720 m in perimeter and consisted of eight bastions and four gates. Currently, you can admire part of its wall, two of its gates and seven bastions, which are home to museums such as the Xmuch'Haltún Didactic Botanical Garden; that of Popular Art; the Mayan Architecture; that of the City of Campeche; the one of the Mayan Culture and a museum on pirates. -
1500
Sistema hidráulico del acueducto del Padre Tembleque
Built in the 16th century, this aqueduct is located in the central Mexican plateau between the states of Mexico and Hidalgo. The hydraulic complex is mainly made up of a water catchment area and fountains, a network of canals, a set of reservoirs and a series of aqueduct-bridges. One of these bridges has the largest single-level arch built in all time for a work of this kind. -
1500
Centro Histórico de la Ciudad de México
Its construction began in the 16th century and was a key element in the ordering of the new city, where bridges, convents, hospitals, squares, sentry boxes and urban constructions of all kinds soon flourished, making the capital of New Spain the first , and after independent Mexico, one of the most active cultural centers. -
Period: 1501 to
First migrations
-
1519
Astecs' defeat
Hernán Cortés, with the help of other indigenous peoples, defeats the Aztecs. Hispanization and Christianization of the indigenous people begins. -
1519
Moctezuma's favorite drink
The Spanish were introduced a chocolate and vanilla drink favorite of Montezuma -
1521
Hernán Cortéz conquers Tenochtitlan
-
1521
Conquest Music
-
Period: 1521 to
Colony or Viceroyalty
-
Period: 1521 to
Conquest Music
There was a musical evangelization by the Spanish.
They brought with them instruments to New Spain: violins, guitars, trumpets, among others. -
1527
Audiencia de México
The Audiencia de México is established -
1531
Centro Histórico de Puebla
Puebla is characterized by its stately colonial architecture, both civil and religious, which has been magnificently preserved and makes walking through the streets of its historic center an extraordinary experience. You can see the various facades that harmoniously combine tiles and bricks with reliefs of white mortar with the Pueblan interpretation of the baroque style. -
1535
First viceroy of New Spain
Antonio de Mendoza y Pacheco, first viceroy of New Spain of the 63 who would rule for almost 300 years. -
Period: 1535 to
Viceroyalty of New Spain Music
The musical background of both cultures, Spanish and indigenous, mixes little by little over 300 years, giving rise to a narrative musical genre that extends throughout the Mexican Republic: the corrido.
Serenades begin to be sung at festivals and fairs.
Country life is told through ranchera songs.
A mestizo genre is born: the son.
The black population provides rhythmic richness. -
1540
Mixton War
Mixton War -
1546
Chichimeca War
Chichimeca War -
1546
Centro Histórico de Zacatecas
Built on the steep slope of a narrow valley, the panorama it offers is one of impressive beauty. It preserves numerous old buildings, both religious and civil, dominated by the silhouette of the cathedral, built between 1730 and 1760. This temple is an exceptional architectural work due to the harmony of its layout and the profuse baroque ornamentation of its facades, in which They combine European decorative motifs with indigenous ones. -
Period: to
Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz
-
Pericues' Rebellion
Rebellion of the Pericues -
Bourbon reforms
-
Revolt of the Mayans of Cisteil
Revolt of the Mayans of Cisteil -
Begining of the Illustration
-
Hospicio Cabañas de Guadalajara
This hospice was created at the beginning of the 19th century to provide care and shelter to all kinds of homeless people, whether they were orphans, elderly, disabled or disabled. The architectural complex is unique in its kind because, unlike similar centers of its time, it presents a series of absolutely original elements, specially designed to meet the needs of asylum seekers. -
Period: to
Europeans' Migration
-
Mexican Independence begins
Mexico begins the fight for it's independence -
Independence Times Food
During the armed movement, those who participated in the war ate what they found along the way, and some accompanying women were the cooks of the Insurgent Army. The independence prisoners were fed with this menu: chocolate with bread in the morning, pot rice at noon and temole for dinner -
Period: to
Independence Movement
-
Constituent Congress
-
Constitution of Apatzingán
-
Mexican Independence ends
Mexico declares its independence -
Plan of Iguala
-
Europa and United States
At the end of independence, foreigners from Europe and the United States arrived and introduced some of their customs in food -
Iturbide's Empire
-
Constituent Congress
-
Constitutive Act
The Constitutive Act establishes the First Republic. A Constitution is approved that deposits the executive power in the president of the United Mexican States -
Constitution of 1824
-
First Mexican cuisine recipe books
By the year 1831, the first recipe books of Mexican cuisine appeared in Mexico -
Santa Anna imposes Constitution of the centralist regime
-
War of the Cakes against France
-
Period: to
José María Velasco
-
War against United States
Mexico takes the form of a federal government. The war with the United States begins. -
Period: to
Mexican-American War Music
After the loss of almost half of the Mexican territory as an inheritance of that old Mexican territoriality, and as a result of subsequent border contact, a hybrid genre of the ranchera song emerges: country, which, like the cowboy festivals, widely shares both nations in a musical genre today called Tex-mex.
-Huastec and Huapango -
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
After the war with the United States, Mexico ceded half of its territory (Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, California, Utah, Nevada and Colorado) -
Period: to
Conflicts: Centralist or federalist republic
-
Antonio López de Santa Anna's dictatorship
Dictatorship of Antonio López de Santa Anna -
Beginning of the Reformation period
Ayutla Revolution -
Santa Anna's dictatorship ends
Reform period, liberals prevail over conservatives. The Ayutla Revolution ends the dictatorship of Santa Anna. Benito Juárez leads the republican resistance. -
Period: to
Liberal Reforms
Juarez Law, Lerdo Law, Iglesias Law -
Period: to
Reform War Music
Under the influence of German immigrants, for whose musical life wind instruments occupy a preponderant place, noisy instrumental groups of clarinets, trumpets, saxophones, snare and bass drum emerged: the tambora, creating genres of music that survive to this day. -
Constitution of 1857
-
Period: to
Reform War
-
Benito Juárez becomes president/ French Invation
Benito Juárez becomes president. His government leads liberal reforms but is interrupted due to the intervention of the French army. Archduke Maximilian of Austria is invested by Napoleon III as Emperor of Mexico. The French are defeated by Benito Juárez with the help of the United States. -
Period: to
Second French Intervention Music
At that time the sound of mariachi arises. Originally it was performed with a harp, three violins, a vihuela, one or several sixth guitars and percussion, with the same instrumentalists singing the couplets. -
Period: to
Second Mexican Empire Music
Inhabitants of Central Europe, who came to Mexico to participate in the construction of the railways, inherited the accordion and the happy rhythms that were generalized in that area to the northern region of the country: the redova, the polka and the chotís. Meanwhile, high society reveled in the waltz. -
Maximiliano de Austria dies shot
Emperor Maximiliano de Austria is shot by Benito Juárez. -
Period: to
Restored Republic
Government from Juarez to Lerdo -
Period: to
Restored Republic Music
-Bolero
-The danzón
-The mambo
-The cumbia -
Period: to
Gerardo Murillo, Dr. Atl
-
Porfirio Diaz becomes president
Just before the 1876 elections against President Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, Porfirio Diaz was successful and then served as President from November 23, 1876 to November 30, 1880. -
French influence in Mexican cuisine
The upper class in the haciendas, they brought experts from France, during the thirty years of the Porfiriato, the French influence increased in Mexican cuisine -
Industrialization in México begins
Under the dictatorship of President Porfirio Díaz, the industrialization of the country begins and it begins to depend economically on the United States. -
Period: to
Zapatismo
-
Period: to
Porfiriato
Economic growth: investment of foreign capital -
Period: to
Outward growth stage
Capitalism in Mexico -
Period: to
José Clemente Orozco
-
Period: to
Diego Rivera
-
Period: to
Saturnino Herrán
-
Period: to
Carmen Mondragón, Nahui Ollin
-
Estates owned by foreigners
-
Period: to
David Alfaro Siqueiros
-
Period: to
Migration of Mexicans to the United States
-
Period: to
María Izquierdo
-
Period: to
Manuel Álvarez Bravo
-
Strike of Cananea, Sonora
-
Rio Blanco Strike, Veracruz
-
Period: to
Lola Álvarez Bravo
-
Period: to
Remedios Varo
-
Mexican Revolution begins
November 20: The Mexican Revolution begins, driven by discontent between peasants and urban workers, led by Emiliano Zapata. The initial motivation is to overthrow President Porfirio Díaz and establish free and democratic elections. -
Striped Stores (Tiendas de Raya)
In Mexico at the time of the revolution, people ate what was in the striped stores. The people were very poor, and could only eat corn, beans, chili, rice and could drink water from the well or aguardiente. It was hardly enough for them, and they were very poor. They could, however, on some haciendas, take ears of corn that were less than a foot long. -
Period: to
Mexican Revolution
-
Period: to
Mexican Revolution Music
In art music some opera singers and pianists stood out in the Old Continent; and composers of Romanticism emerged, among whom are Ricardo Castro and Manuel M. Ponce.
The corrido reaches its peak.
Syrup prevails. -
Period: to
Frida Kahlo
-
Porfirio Diaz dictatorship ends
The dictator Porfirio Díaz is defeated. Francisco I. Madero assumes the presidency of the country. -
Ayala Plan
-
Francisco I. Madero is assassinated
President Francisco Madero is assassinated. Victoriano Huerta assumes command. -
Villismo
-
Venustiano Carranza secceeds Victoriano Huerta
Victoriano Huerta resigns and is succeeded by Venustiano Carranza. -
Period: to
Octavio Paz
-
Period: to
Leonora Carrington
-
US searches for Pancho Villa
US troops enter Mexico in search of revolutionary Pancho Villa -
Period: to
Elena Garro
-
Democracy in Mexico
New constitution with the objective of guaranteeing a permanent democracy in Mexico, a constitution that remains in force -
Period: to
National Reconstruction
-
Period: to
Juan Rulfo
-
Emiliano Zapata dies
Revolutionary Emiliano Zapata is killed in an ambush -
Venustiano Carranza is assassinated
The assassination of Venustiano Carranza occurs, starting the civil war -
Jewish migration
-
PRI is founded
The Revolutionary Officialist Party is founded, which will later be called the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) -
Student movement (UNM-UNAM)
-
Casa Estudio Diego Rivera y Frida Kahlo
The twin houses for Diego and Frida, current headquarters of the Casa Estudio Museum, declared an Artistic Monument in 1998, was built on behalf of Diego Rivera, in 1931, for the young architect and friend of the couple, Juan O'Gorman. This important work was one of the first functionalist constructions in Latin America, incorporating the organic Mexican style in a very natural way. This set was a house for Frida and another for Diego, which should each have their own study. -
Law of electrical industrialization
-
Nationalization of oil industry, agrarian reform and industrial expansion
President Lázaro Cárdenas initiates the program of nationalization of the oil industry, agrarian reform and industrial expansion -
Palacio de Bellas Artes
It is a multifunctional building, which is why it houses various stages and artistic spaces such as the Palace of Fine Arts Museum and the National Architecture Museum. The first permanently exhibits 17 mural works by seven national artists executed from 1928 to 1963, including Diego Rivera, David Alfaro Siqueiros and José Clemente Orozco, being the oldest in the country dedicated to national plastic production. In 1987 it was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. -
Period: to
Lázaro Cárdenas Presidency
Nationalization policy -
Railway Movement
They demand payment on the 7th day -
Petroleum Expropriation
-
Leon Trotsky is assassinated
Leon Trotsky is assassinated in Mexico -
Period: to
Modern Mexico Music
Nationalist Cultural Movement: José Pablo Moncayo, Carlos Chávez and Silvestre Revuelta in music.
Currently there are about 22 orchestras in Mexico. -
Mexico involves in World War II
Mexico becomes involved in World War II alongside the allies and declares war on Japan and Germany after the sinking of several tankers by German submarines in the Gulf of Mexico. -
Period: to
Jaramillismo
Workers' Agrarian Party -
Mexico joins UN
Mexico joins the United Nations Organization -
Mexico joins the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank
Mexico joins the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank -
Mexico accesses the UN Security Council for the first time
Mexico accesses the UN Security Council for the first time as a non-permanent member -
Female vote is granted
The female vote is granted under the presidency of Adolfo Ruiz Cortines -
Centro Urbano Presidente Alemán
The multifamily idea changed the scale and ways of living in Mexican cities in the 20th century. More than seventy years after the first case of collective housing in Mexico, the book 'The first modern multifamily - Presidente Alemán Urban Center', published by Fundación ICA and Fundación Miguel Alemán A.C., proposes a magazine to CUPA through its design, density , permanence and social transformation to understand the aesthetic dimension, urban approach and social function of his proposal. -
Casa Estudio Luis Barragán
Built in 1948, represents one of the most important contemporary architectural works in the international context, recognized by UNESCO by including it, in 2004, in its World Heritage list. The only individual property in Latin America that has achieved such a distinction, because it is a masterpiece in the development of the modern movement, which integrates traditional and vernacular elements in a new synthesis, as well as diverse philosophical and artistic currents of all times. -
Edificio de Rectoría de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
It was built by the architects Mario Pani, Enrique del Moral and Salvador Ortega Flores. Under a modern-urban vision, the tower is built with a structure of columns and reinforced concrete slabs. The stairs, elevators and services are arranged in the form of blind cubes and covered with glazed slab. It features an architectural style known as "Le Corbusian", named after the French architect Le Corbusier, considered one of the clearest exponents of modern urban architecture. -
Biblioteca Central de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
The Central Library (BC) of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) is a general library that has multidisciplinary collections open to the entire university community. It is located in Mexico City, within the UNAM University City (CU). It is the largest of the 133 libraries that make up the UNAM Library and Information System (SIBIUNAM), coordinated by the General Directorate of Libraries and Digital Information Services (DGBSDI). -
Period: to
Migration from Latin America to Mexico
-
Estadio de fútbol de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
The University Olympic Stadium (initially called Ciudad Universitaria Stadium, and occasionally referred to as Estadio México 68) is a 1952 multipurpose sports venue belonging to the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), located in Mexico City, designed by architects Augusto Pérez Palacios, Jorge Bravo and Raúl Salinas Moro.2. It was the main venue for the 1968 Olympic Games, hosting the opening and closing ceremonies, as well as the athletics competitions. -
Period: to
Mexican Miracle
Adolfo Ruiz Cortinez 1952-1958 -
Magisterial Movement
Marxist ideology -
Nationalized Mexican state
-
Light and Power Company of the Center (L and FC)
-
Medical Movement
-
XIX Olympic Games
XIX Olympic Games in Mexico City -
Students' Tlatelolco massacre
Student manifestations. Tlatelolco massacre -
Salvadoran migrants arrive to CDMX
-
Movement for sexual diversity begins in Mexico
-
Discovery of oil reserves
Discovery of huge offshore oil reserves -
IMF intervention
-
Tequila
Tequila received the appellation of origin on October 13, 1977 -
Bank nationalization
José López Portillo 1976-1982 -
The National Coordinator of Education Workers
-
Mexico accesses the UN Security Council for the second time
Mexico accesses the UN Security Council for the second time -
Crisis due to international markets
-
Alfonso García Robles receives the Nobel Peace Prize
Alfonso García Robles receives the Nobel Peace Prize for disarmament negotiations -
Biggest economic crisis in history
-
Immediate Economic Reorganization Program
-
Period: to
Structural Reforms
Miguel de la Madrid lays the foundations of neoliberalism -
85's Earthquake
Serious earthquake in Mexico City, causing thousands of deaths -
Neoliberalism in Mexico
-
World Cup in Mexico
Mexico hosts the celebration of the World Cup -
Student movement 1986
Resist the Carpiso Plan -
Economic Solidarity Pact
-
Period: to
Alternative world Movements
Eliminate capitalism -
The NAFTA is ratified
The North American Free Trade Agreement (TLCAN or NAFTA) with the US and Canada is ratified -
Guerrilla rebellion in the state of Chiapas
Guerrilla rebellion in the state of Chiapas -
Zapatista Army of National Liberation
-
Mexico joins the World Trade Organization (WTO)
Mexico joins the World Trade Organization (WTO) -
Period: to
UNAM student strike
-
Vicente Fox becomes president
After more than 70 years in power, the PRI loses the elections. The PAN candidate, Vicente Fox, wins. -
New Mexican Cuisine
This is how we arrived at the 21st century and how the "new Mexican cuisine" was born, framed within the new haute cuisine that emerged from the traditional in other places. -
Felipe Calderón becomes president
Felipe Calderón (PAN) wins the presidential elections over Andrés Manuel López Obrador -
Calderón opens doors to European migrants
-
Carlos Slim surpasses Bill Gates in the list of richest people
Mexican magnate Carlos Slim surpasses Bill Gates in the list of richest people in the world -
Extinction of the Light and Power Company of the Center
-
Mexican Cuisine Heritage of Humanity
On November 16, 2010, Mexican cuisine was recognized as Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO -
Enrique Peña Nieto becomes president
PRI candidate Enrique Peña Nieto wins the presidential elections -
IPN student movement
-
Movement for gender equality He for She
-
Andrés Manuel López Obrador becomes president
-
Period: to
Covid-19 Quarantine