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Cánovas wrote a manisfeto, where he promised a constitutional government.
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The Bourbon Restoration in Spain,the political system during the Restoration were The Constitution of 1876 ( it established a broad range of rights, depending on the governing party. It also share sovereignty between the Cortes and the king and established suffrage.
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The Spanish Sicialist Workers` Party, was founded by Pablo Iglesias and was consolidated by the huge surge in the labour movement during this period.
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The Regency of María Christina is the period of the reign of Alfonso XIII of Spain in which due to the minority of the king, his mother Maria Christina made queen.
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In Bases de Manresa, the proposals are declared
of Catalan nationalism that demanded the official status of the Catalan language, the establishment of Catalan political parties and courts, and Catalan autonomy. -
Spain was forced to sign the 1898 treaty of paris, where they recognised the independence of Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines.
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Alfonso XII acceded to the throne in a political environment characterised by the crisis of Cánovas del Castillo`s policical system, the influence of regenerationish and the deaths of Cánovas.
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Spanish occupation os its protectorate led to a war with the inhabitants of teh Rif; a war that in 1909 requited reservists to be called up, the majority of whom were fathers. The set off in Barcelona ( Tragic Week 1909)
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Spain suffered a brutal defeat in teh Rif War against Morocco, resulting in 10000 dealths and widespread public commotion, negatively influencing public opinion.
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The dictatorship of Primo de Rivera went though two stages:
-The Military Directory (1923-1925), Primo de Rivera suspended the constitution, dissolved the Cortes, prohibited political parties, suppressed the labour movement and defeated the Moroccans after the Alhucemas landing.
- The Civil Directory (1925-1930), the military victory in Morocco and tehe economic boom of the 1920s helped Primo de Rivera maintain power until 1930 -
The proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic consisted of the establishment of the new republican political regime that succeeded the constitutional monarchy of Alfonso XIII de Borbón, which had allowed the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera
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The period of the Second Spanish Republic is divided in three stages:
-The Reform Biennium, the government led by Manuel Azaña, whose objective was to modernize Spanish society.
-The conservative biennium, the sectors opposed to the Republic tried to end the republican-socialist coalition,in November the Cortes calling new elections.
-The Popular Front: Manuel Azaña was proclaimed president of the republic and Santiago Casares head of the government. -
A general strike in protest at the rise to power of the most far-right positions in Spanish politics, which would lead to an important revolutionary movement, with particular virulence in Asturias.
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Consistingof a wave of attacks and street violance between staunch falangist, communist and anarchist activists.
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Fighting between the Republican side and the national side, which was led by General Francisco Franco. At that time, the President of Spain was Manuel Azaña, a democratically elected Republican. As part of the Spanish army he was based in Morocco, several of the most influential generals, with Francisco Franco at the helm, staged a coup.victory of General Franco and the nationalist side, a dictatorship began in the country
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The war then moved to the Cantabrian coast and involved harsh battles, as reflected by the bombing of Gernika by the German air force`s Condor Legion. The German air force enabled the insurgents to control key industrial and mining areas.
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"The war is over" is the phrase that concludes the last part of the war issued on April 1, 1939 by the dictator Francisco Franco. This statement officially ended the Spanish civil war.
