-
Another that can be called "progressive conciliationist" or "autonomist" affirmed that although Chile owed loyalty to the King, this was not through intermediate authorities, since Carlos III of Spain himself declared in 1798 that Chile was independent of the viceroyalty.
-
San Martin was not discouraged and
decided to continue with his plans,
only now he first had to liberate
Chile -
The situation disturbed not only the Chileans, but also the Viceroy of Peru, José Fernando de Abascal y Sousa, Marqués de la Concordia (1806-1816), who at the same time saw an opportunity in the situation: the actions of the Carrera had caused that the garrison of Valdivia ended up placing itself at the orders of the viceroyalty
-
Quito was to be the first in the history of
Hispano-America to proclaim, on August 10, 1809, a government of its own,
not designated by the Crown. Soon they would proclaim their meetings,
immediately, throughout 1810, in many places and in Santiago de Chile (08/18). -
In Mexico, priest Hidalgo would yield in the town of Dolores
-
The priest Miguel
Hidalgo was placed in
front of the Indians and
peasants and launched,
as we saw, the "cry of independence "in the
town of Dolores.
Throughout three years,
it obtained triumphs with
its army and occupied several cities of Mexico,but was defeated in
Guadalajara and executed by the realistic authorities in 1811 -
The Royal Court considered that the situation in general and the election in particular were anti-monarchical and conspired with the royalist Colonel Tomás de Figueroa, commander of the troops, who on April 1, 1811 rose up with the intention of dissolving the Junta and prevent congressional elections
-
These debates plus a disagreement with the politically dominant sector within that congress led to another coup d'état on November 15, 1811, which, starting with a triumvirate, José Miguel Carrera ended up leaving him total power
-
For that he spent years
making weapons, bullets and all
kinds of equipment, and organizing
the Army of the Andes -
The command
was taken by another priest, José Maria Morelos, who led the second stage
of the revolution (1811-1815). I have introduced a liberal state and agrarian
reform. But he had him shot in 1815. -
crossing was epic, but, as they had
planned, the six columns met less
than a month later in the Aconcagua Valley and although it suffered a serious
defeat in Cancha Rayada -
it triumphed in the decisive battle
of Maipú, assuring the independence of Chile. -
In 1820, a constitutional government was established in Spain, which guaranteed many rights, including freedom of the press. Soon they began to be published, both in Spain and in New Spain (a territory later called Mexico), numerous newspapers, pamphlets and pamphlets that spoke about the right to self-determination and the possibility of independence.
-
Between 1820 and 1821 there were various groups that despite their differences agreed that independence was a good thing for New Spain. Among these groups were conservatives, people from the church or from the high bureaucracy of the viceroyalty who feared that the new constitutional regime in Spain would take away their privileges.
-
San Martin
sailed from Valparaíso (20-08-1820)
with a fleet of eight warships and 16
transport ships, and 4,500 men from
the armies of the Andes and Chile. -
It
disembarked in Pisco, and forced the realistic army to retreat towards
the mountain range -
Frustrated in their desire for autonomy
and free trade, a group of conservative creoles proclaimed independence in
1821 -
This stage takes place between February 1821 with the signing of the Plan of Iguala and on September 28, 1821 with the reading of the Act of Independence
-
Only when Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna was proclaimed
president of the Republic in 1833 Spain only recognized Mexican
independence in 1839. -
Guatemala with its provinces declared its independence
from the Spanish Crown and, shortly after, annexed Mexico to
defend itself better from Spain
