ItPE Chapter 7 Timetoast Summary - Caile Birdwell

  • Teacher/Management Model Adopted in Schools

    The Teacher/Management Model, wherein a teacher is the sole instructor in a classroom environment, was adopted in the 1780's. In a way, this system could be considered the first 'technology' that revolutionized a classroom, and although some do not follow it today, it can be said that this was an important step to revolutionizing the way that students learned.
  • Chalkboards introduced to Classrooms

    Though chalkboards were considered an invaluable tool to teaching at the time, teachers flat-out ignored it at first, and schools even had to publish step-by-step training guides to instruct them on their use. (Page 184)
  • 'Magic Lantern' in Classrooms (Approximate Date)

    While researching further into the topic, I found that before Filmstrip projectors, there were devices called Magic Lanterns in Classrooms, which projected images that were printed on glass slides. (https://edtechmagazine.com/k12/article/2013/02/vision-learning-history-classroom-projectors#:~:text=1925%3A%20The%20Filmstrip%20Projector&text=Filmstrip%20projectors%20allowed%20teachers%20to,replaced%20them%20in%20the%201980s.)
  • Invention of Air Conditioning

    Although seen as somewhat minor in the face of things like computers and whiteboards, the implementation of Air Conditioning into classroom made teaching in warmer months a far more tolerable experience. It's important to remember that comfort influences learning ability, and that Air Conditioning plays a significant role in that.
  • Thomas Edison makes a Prophetic Statement about Technology in Schools

    Thomas Edison, famous inventor, said "Books will soon be obsolete in the schools. Scholars will soon be instructed through the eye. It is possible to teach every branch of human knowledge with the motion picture. Our school system will be completely changed in ten years.” In some ways, he was right, but 10 years was far too small of a window for him to have given. (Page 185)
  • Filmstrip Projectors in Classrooms

    Just as we watch videos and movies in class today, students in 1925 were given the opportunity to view films through the Filmstrip Projector in 1925. (Page 185)
  • Fluorescent Light Invented

    The Fluorescent Light, a staple in most classrooms and schools today, lasts a very, very long time. Were it not for its invention in Germany in 1927, we would have to replace lightbulbs far more frequently in the classroom, which would be a distraction, and we may not have lights bright enough to create an effective learning environment.
  • Vacuum Tube Computers Used in War Efforts

    Some extremely early computers used Vacuum tube technology, and were invented at around this time. Though they were primarily used to bring World War II to a close, these computers would lay the framework for all sorts of extremely important technological advancements that would be used in the classroom after their creation.
  • Desegregation of Schools

    After the historic Brown v. Board of Education case, black and white students were allowed to attend the same schools. This was a landmark case for the rights of black people, though the struggle for equality in the nation, as well as in the school system, is still ongoing to this day.
  • Whiteboards invented

    While there is some debate over when the first whiteboard was invented (and, by extension, who invented it), most historians agree that whiteboards where invented somewhere in the late 1950's to the early 1960's.
  • Overhead Projector in Classrooms

    The introduction of the Overhead projector, which would be used for many years after its introduction to classrooms in the 1960s, allowed teachers to modernize and make the use of what was once the Magic Lantern easier. (Page 185)
  • Safer Markers invented

    In 1975, an inventor known as Jerry Woolf made a non-toxic ink that could be used in dry-erase markers. From here, the popularity of whiteboards skyrocketed.
  • First Windows Computer

    A favorite for personal, home computers, Windows launched their first computer system in 1975, and they remain in the households of many students, such as the one that this very assignment is being completed on!
  • First Apple Computer Sold

    Not far behind their lifelong competitors at Microsoft, Apple released their first computer in 1976. Mac remains an exceptionally popular operating system for workplaces and schools alike.
  • Department of Education Founded

    In 1979, the Department of Education was founded by President Jimmy Carter in the United States of America. This Department focused primarily on dealing with the education system, and ensuring that every child received a full and proper education. The department still has a hand in the affairs of the school districts that all children find themselves in today.
  • Computers introduced to Classrooms

    With the development of smarter computers that were easier to use and more affordable, computers were introduced to the classroom environment, where they remain firmly rooted to this day. Some decried the idea of this, saying that it would be the end of the educating profession as we know it, but this has been proven false, and computers continue to aid us in education as we progress through the modern era. (Page 185)
  • Data Projector introduced to Classrooms

    In the 1980s, amidst the growing affordability and popularity of computers, the Data Projector was brought to the classroom, which could project video from the screens of a TV or Computer onto a surface. Some modernized versions of these are still used today! (Page 185)
  • Nation at Risk Report Urges High-School Computer Literacy

    A Nation at Risk Report in 1983 said that all students at the High-School level should be able to understand and use computer technology upon graduation. (Page 188)
  • Invention of the Internet

    January 1st, 1983 is widely considered to be the day that the internet was born. At first, it was primarily relegated to use as a database for the military, but it quickly found popularity in other areas, and soon, the general public. Today, of course, the internet is almost a necessity in our lives, and is also a great educational tool.
  • Microsoft Powerpoint Invented

    On this date, Microsoft Powerpoint was published. The software, which allows people to create presentations easily, is still an invaluable tool to the classroom, and a favorite of many teachers when giving lectures or showing curriculum.
  • Chalkboards out, Whiteboards in

    In 1994 and 1995, it became increasingly obvious that chalk dust had a negative effect on the computers that had become so widespread throughout the classroom. In response, many schools replaced their chalkboards with whiteboards. Today, whiteboards are far more ubiquitous than chalkboards, though you can find both of them if you look hard enough.
  • Google Founded

    Google, the world's most popular search engine, was founded on September 4th, 1998. Today, Google is often what people turn to when they need a question answered, such as 'When was the first Whiteboard invented'? Google has also become much more than just a search engine, revolutionizing the way that we use the internet with things like Google Docs and Google Drive, which many school use to organize projects, and many students use to do said projects.
  • Wikipedia Project Founded

    The Wikipedia Project, a free online encyclopedia, was officially launched in 2001. As a constantly evolving tool, Wikipedia has become one of the most reputable sources of knowledge on the web, with hundreds of thousands of articles about all sorts of historical events, inventions, elements, and other things that are taught in schools.
  • No Child Left Behind Act Speaks on Computer Literacy Skills

    Following up from the 1983 Nation at Risk Report, in 2003, the No Child Left Behind Act said that students must be computer literate before entering high schools, likely as a safety precaution for children amidst the growing popularity of the internet. (Page 188)
  • First Generation of iPhones Released

    On this date, the first generation of iPhones was released, after being unveiled earlier in the year. Of course, today, iPhones have a complicated relationship with classrooms, since some of them are capable of enhancing education and learning opportunities through things like Quizlet and Kahoot, and some of them serve as distractions as students sneakily try to check social media in the middle of a lesson.
  • Khan Academy Founded

    Khan Academy is a free online service that aims to teach lessons that students may be struggling with through videos, typically on YouTube. Many math, science, and english lessons are available on their platform.
  • Instructure Launched

    Instructure is an online database for all sorts of learning tools, including Canvas, which is used today by SCC.
  • 3d Projectors introduced to Classrooms

    Surprisingly, the use of 3d projection was implemented into some Texas classrooms in 2010. Through special glasses, and slightly different images being projected simultaneously, students could get a truly in-depth look at what was being taught. Who knows where this technology will go from here?
  • National Education Technology Plan (NTEP) Enacted

    In 2010, the government enacted the National Education Technology Plan, which called for a "revolutionary transformation of education rather than evolutionary tinkering". Essentially, the government was saying that technology needs to be carefully integrated into classrooms in order to see any effectiveness. (Page 188)
  • Chromebook Releases

    While sales of iPads and other tablet based devices have mostly stabilized, Chromebook sales have exploded in recent years, due in no small part to their dominance over the education of students and the spread of Covid-19 creating a demand for at-home schooling. Today, the Chromebook is still widely used in schools, and it looks like they'll only continue to be used as a learning peripheral from here on out. (Page 209)
  • Dr. Ruben Puentedura Publishes the SAMR Model

    In 2013, Dr. Ruben Puentedura published the SAMR Model, which is a breakdown of how technology is accepted into classrooms. By breaking the adoption of technology into stages, he shows the impact of technology on an ever-evolving classroom environment. (Page 185-186)
  • Statistics about Household Computer usage

    In 2020, surveys show that 86% of households owned or used a computer. It's important, however, to remember that the way that technology is implemented in classroom learning must also be fair to that 14% that does not own a computer. (Page 212)
  • Covid-19 Classified

    The worldwide pandemic, Covid-19, was first discovered in late 2019, but was only classified in 2020. The pandemic separation has rapidly accelerated the way that schools have integrated with technology, and many of the things that were implemented during this time are still very popular, such as a higher rate of online classes.