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Period: to
Programming timespan
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Plankalkul
created by Konrad Zuse
draw comparisons to APL and relational algebra. It includes assignment statements, subroutines, conditional statements, iteration, floating point arithmetic, arrays, hierarchical record structures, assertions, exception handling, and other features such as goal-directed execution
Kalkul means formal system. So Plankalkul means formal system for planning -
Fortran
John W. Backus and his team
suited to numeric computation and scientific computing
derived from The IBM Mathematical Formula Translating System -
MATH-MATIC
A group led by Charles Katz
Intended to be an improvement over Fortran
Doesn't really mean anything -
Lisp
John McCarthy
Lisp was originally created as a practical mathematical notation for computer programs
LISP derives from LISt Processing -
COBOL
a committee of researchers from private industry, universities, and government
primary domain in business, finance, and administrative systems for companies and governments
an acronym for COmmon Business-Oriented Language -
RPG
IBM
lists all files being written to, read from or updated, followed by Data Definition Specifications containing program elements such as Data Structures and dimensional arrays
Report Program Generator -
BASIC
1964
John George Kemeny and Thomas Eugene Kurtz
provide computer access to non-science and non-mathematical students
an acronym from Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code. -
LOGO
Daniel G. Bobrow, Wally Feurzeig, Seymour Papert, and Cynthia Solomon
Used in education. Has facilities for handling lists, files, I/O, and recursion.
Derived from the Greek logos -
B
mostly the work of Ken Thompson, with contributions from Dennis Ritchie
fit within the memory capacity of the minicomputers of the time. Also reducing the number of non-whitespace characters in a typical program
Its name may be based on Bon, an earlier and different programming language that Thompson designed -
PASCAL
Niklaus Wirth
Teach structured programming
named in honor of the French mathematician and philosopher Blaise Pascal -
C
Dennis Ritchie
provide low-leveled access to memory, to provide language constructs that map efficiently to machine instructions, and to require minimal run-time support
Its features were derived from an earlier language called B -
ML
Robert Milner
to develop proof tactics in the LCF theorem prover
Stands for metalanguage -
SQL
Donald D. Chamberlin and Raymond F. Boyce
data insert, query, update and delete, schema creation and modification, and data access control.
Structured Query Language -
ADA
a team led by Jean Ichbiah of CII Honeywell Bull under contract to the United States Department of Defense (DoD)
Development of very large software systems
Ada was named after Ada Lovelace -
C++
Bjarne Stroustrup
adds object oriented features, such as classes, and other enhancements to the C programming language
Renamed C++ as a pun -
Delphi
Anders Hejlsberg
developed as a rapid application development tool for Windows, and as the successor of Borland Pascal
It doesn't mean anything -
Python
Guido van Rossum
using dynamic typing and a combination of reference counting and a cycle-detecting garbage collector for memory management and dynamic name resolution (late binding), which binds method and variable names during program execution.
It was derived from the television series Monty Python's Flying Circus -
Visual Basic
Alan Cooper
enables the rapid application development (RAD) of graphical user interface (GUI) applications, access to databases using Data Access Objects, Remote Data Objects, or ActiveX Data Objects, and creation of ActiveX controls and objects.
Derived from BASIC -
Javascript
Brendan Eich
part of web browsers so that client-side scripts may interact with the user, control the browser, communicate well and alter the document content that is displayed.
Marketing ploy -
PHP
Rasmus Lerdorf
Designed for Web development to produce dynamic Web pages
Originally stood for Personal Home Page, now it stands for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor -
Java
James Gosling, Mike Sheridan, and Patrick Naughton
to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. Intended to let application developers "write once, run anywhere" (WORA), which means that code that runs on one platform does not need to be recompiled to run on another
Does not specifically mean anything