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570
Birth of Muhammad
He was born in Mecca. The exact date of his birth is widely debated. Muhammad was believed to a prophet sent from God. Regarded as the founder of Islam. -
Period: 570 to Apr 19, 622
Muhammad Lives in Mecca
He lived in Mecca for roughly 52 years. -
Jul 23, 610
Muhammad's first Revelation
He saw his first vision in Hira, a cave near Mecca. He was visited by the Arch-angel Gabriel. -
Jun 17, 622
Hijra
Muhammad secretly snuck his followers out of Mecca. They migrated 200 miles north to Medina. They left after he was warned about a plot to assasinate him. -
Period: Jan 1, 623 to Jan 1, 1050
Muslim Conquests
The expansion of Islam and Muslim power through military conquest. They were told to slay those who did not believe in their god, Allah. -
Jun 8, 632
Death of Muhammad
When Muhammad dies, Abu Bakr is chosen as caliph. -
Jan 1, 650
Caliph Uthman has the Quran written down
Uthman is the third caliph. The Quran is the main religious text for Muslims. They believe it was verbally given to Muhammad by God. -
Period: Jan 1, 661 to Jan 1, 750
Umayyad Caliphate
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Oct 1, 732
Battle of Tours
Fought between Muslims and the Franks. Overall it was a loss for the Muslims. This prevented Islam from becoming the main religion in Europe. -
Jan 29, 1258
Siege of Baghdad
Lasted until February 10th. Done by Mongol troops to overtake the city. It marked the end of the Abbasid caliphate and the Islamic Golden Age. -
Death of Husayn
He was one of the last descendants of Muhammad. He is important for refusing to pledge his allegiance to Yazid I. He was beheaded at the Battle of Karbala. His death marked the beginning of the Shi'at Ali.
