-
Period: 130,000 BCE to
Oral communication phase
In ancient times, people had to use oral communication in order to transmit the information to the new generations due to absence of the writing. In other words, the system of writing had not been invented yet, so they need to use natural mean of communication to teach. For example, they used to narrate the stories that they experienced or folklore, historical event or may be even finctional tales, as well. -
Period: 3600 BCE to
Written communication phase
In this phase, the writing was invented and adapted to educational purposes, and this era has probably started earlier than 3600 BC. -
3400 BCE
Hieroglyphics
Hieroglyphics is an ancient Egyptian writing system which is a combination of logographic and alphabetic symbols written on papyrus. -
1100
Slate boards
In India, teachers used something similar to personal blackboards in their lessons and these could be used wet and erased to be used again, or baked to create a permanent document. -
1200
Scrolled manuscripts
A scribe wrote the text for a book, and an artist who was called an illuminator, painted the pictures or visual objects. Scribes and illuminators made each book by hand. Manuscripts (handmade books) were often written and illuminated by monks in monasteries. -
1450
Printing press
The invention of the printing press had affected not only educational fileds but also the other aspects of the society like destroying hegemonic control of information in Europe. The quick, cheap and easy distribution of information would make the learning and teaching easier. Additonally, it is one of the most important reasons of the Renaissance, the Scientific Enlightenment, and Industrial Revolution. -
Blackboards
The first blackboard was invented in Scotland by James Pillans, and Other schools rapidly adopted this new innovation. -
Formal correspondence education
Formal correspondence education started with the development in transport infrastructure because the letters, posts or lecture books were transferred by trains, which was the easiest way back in those times.The open university established in London, and the Anatolian University in Turkey. -
BBC Broadcasting
The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) started to broadcast radio programs for educational purposes and students had the chance to have a auditory learning. -
Period: to
Broadcasting and video phase
In this phase, the educational technology has dramatically been affected by the improving technology and media. -
Period: to
Computer technologies phase
In this phase, with the invention of the computer, the education starts to become more modernised and computerised. The educational materials has developed evenly computers. -
Milestone of IT
Thanks to high speed internet access, the costs of recording and distributing video has dramatically reduced and got more common. This technology gave students the chance of viewing or reviewing lectures at any time and place with an Internet connection. -
Massive Open Online Course
Stephen Downes and George Siemens came up with the idea of launching an open online course entitled 'Connectivism and Connective Knowledge' which was presented 25 tuition fee-paying students in Extended Education at the University of Manitoba. More than two thousand students also took the online class free of charge, which is accepted as the first MOOC. The MOOC give thousands of students online courses nearly in any topic. -
Social media
Social media has affected nearly every part of the daily life, so it is inevitable the education to be affected by it. There are lots of educative applications on the online stores and also in the social ones such as Facebook, bloggs, Youtube and so on. For example, we used to use the Facebook to discuss some classroom topics in the class group in highschool. Additionally, there are thousands of educative videos and online courses on Youtube. -
References 1
Image by Erich Röthlisberger from Pixabay
Image by Deutsch from Pixabay
Image by Gerd Altmann from Pixabay
Image by Janet Gooch from Pixabay
Image by Dorothe from Pixabay
Image by Gerhard Gellinger from Pixabay
Image by Mohamed Hassan from Pixabay
Image by Thomas Ulrich from Pixabay
Image by Walters Art Museum Illuminated Manuscripts from Flickr -
References 2
Session 2- History of EdTech.ppt by Ece Zehir Topkaya
https://www.opencolleges.edu.au/informed/features/the-evolution-of-learning-technology/
https://education.cu-portland.edu/blog/classroom-resources/the-history-of-the-classroom-blackboard/
https://interestingengineering.com/the-invention-and-history-of-the-printing-press
http://www.getty.edu/art/exhibitions/scriptorium/
