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Jim Crow Laws
The Jim Crow Laws were a set of laws that enforced racial segregation, targeting the African American community. These laws upheld segregation in public places and transportation for over 100 years. As a result, the African American community recognized the need for change and began the Civil Rights Movement, which fought against these discriminatory laws and sought equality for all. -
Executive Order 9981
This order mandated the opportunity for colored people to be in the military, and also equal treatment. The executive order was signed by President Harry Truman. -
Brown v. Board of Education
Brown v. Board of Education is a Supreme Court case that was against segregation in schools in 1954. The court decided that the “separate but equal” schools were unfair and all schools should be open to all races. This helped to end segregation in schools and a big step for equal rights. -
Emmet Till
Emmett Louis Till is a 14-year-old African American boy, who was abducted and lynched in Mississippi in 1955 after being accused of offending a white woman, Carolyn Bryant, in her family's grocery store -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
The Montgomery Bus Boycott started in 1955 after Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger. In response, African Americans in Montgomery organized a boycott, refusing to ride the buses for over a year to protest racial segregation. The protest eventually led to a landmark court decision declaring bus segregation unconstitutional, and played a key role in elevating Martin Luther King Jr. as a prominent leader in the civil rights movement. -
Little Rock 9 chart
This graph shows the percentage of black Americans getting education in “white only” schools. It shows the change the Little Rock 9 -
Little Rock 9
The Little Rock Nine were nine African American students who enrolled in Little Rock, Arkansas's all white High School in 1957. Despite intense resistance, and the state’s governor trying to prevent their attendance, the students persisted. President Eisenhower intervened sending federal troops to ensure their safety and allow them to attend school. Their courage played an important role in challenging racial segregation in schools and became a defining moment in the Civil Rights Movement. -
Sit Ins Graph
This graph shows how sit ins helped lead to desegregating and the percentage of it happening compared to if sit ins didn’t happen, or didn’t happen in that area. -
Sit Ins
Sit-ins were a form of peaceful protest where African Americans sat at segregated lunch counters or public places, refusing to leave until served. The most famous began in 1960 in Greensboro, North Carolina, when four Black students sat at a whites-only counter. This sparked similar protests across the country, challenging segregation and promoting desegregation, becoming a key part of the Civil Rights Movement in the fight for racial equality. -
Freedom Rides
Sit-ins were peaceful protests where African Americans sat at segregated lunch counters or public spaces, refusing to leave until served. The first major sit-in occurred in 1960 in Greensboro, North Carolina, when four Black students sat at a whites-only counter. This sparked a wave of similar protests, challenging segregation and pushing for desegregation, playing a pivotal role in the Civil Rights Movement for racial equality. -
The March on Washington Route
This map shows the route MLK led his group for the famous March on Washington and where he gave his I Have a Dream speech. -
The March on Washington
The March on Washington took place in 1963, with over 250,000 people gathering in D.C. to demand civil rights and equality for African Americans. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech, calling for an end to racism, was a key moment. The march helped push for important laws like the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, making it a pivotal event in the Civil Rights Movement. -
16th St Baptist Church Bombing
The 16th Street Baptist Church bombing took place in 1963 in Birmingham, Alabama, when four Ku Klux Klan members planted a bomb at a church, killing four African American girls and injuring many others. The attack shocked the nation, sparking widespread outrage. It highlighted the extreme racism and violence in the South, fueling the Civil Rights Movement and intensifying the fight for justice and equality. -
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was a groundbreaking law that prohibited discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. It ended segregation in public places, such as schools and restaurants, and made discrimination in employment illegal. This law marked a significant victory for the Civil Rights Movement, helping to create a more equitable society by safeguarding the rights of African Americans and other minority groups.