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First Computer
Firat Compter was made by Hewlett-Packard called the HP 200A Audio Oscillator. Used Vacuum Tubes and had Magnetic Core Memory using punch cards -
SAGE
IBM built SAGE computers and became leaders in real-time applications and the technology of Whirlwind -
ENIAC
weighed 30 tons, using 200 kilowatts of electric power and consisting of 18000 vacuum tubes, 1500 relays and hundreds of thousands of resistors, capacitors, and inductors -
Period: to
1951-1958
Most of the Computers used punch cards and needed large air conditioners because they heated up quicklyThe computers were often enormous, taking up entire rooms. The main players were Hewlett-Packard, John Von Meumann, Eckert and Mauchly, IBM, and the Servomechanisms Lab of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology -
UNIVAC
Eckert and Mauchly completed the first commercial computer in the USA. Used Short Code -
EDVAC
John Von Neumann designed a central control unit which would calculate and output all mathematical and logical problems and a memory which could be written to and read (RAM) which would store programs and data -
IBM-701
Involved 274 assemblies executing all of the system's computing and control functions by means of electronic pulses -
Whirlwind
Large scale general purpose digital computer. Began in the Servomechanisms Lab of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1946 -
• Robert Noyce and Jack Kilby discovered the attributes of integrated circuits.
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• Devices could run many different applications at once with a central program that monitored memory.
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Period: to
2nd Generation
Used transistors and had removable disk pack for storage and magnetic tape. The programming languages included: Assembly language, FORTRAN, and COBOL.Used primarily by businesses and government. Electricity consumption was lower and Core memory was developed. The main players were IBM and PDP-8 -
Minicomputer
PDP-8 Digital introduces the first successful minicomputer which was about ss large as a fridge and used transistors and magnetic core memory -
BASIC
BASIC is a programming language. It was necessary and could be used in a time-sharing environment and that could serve as a training language -
IBM's System 360
Consisted of 6 processors and 40 peripheral units. More than 100 of these computers were ordered each month -
Period: to
3rd generation
used Intergreated Circuit(IC), • Interacted with Keyboards, monitors, and interfaced with an operating system, • First time computers became accessible audience because they were smaller and cheaper. -
Real-Time reservation system
IBM developed a real-time computerized ticket reservation system for American Airways. It was smaller than SAGE and was called SABRE -
3rd generation computer
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DATAPOINT 2200
First time computers became accessible audience because they were smaller and cheaper -
Period: to
fourth generation
• Uses IBM PC
• Microprocessor brought the 4th generation as thousands of integrated circuits were made onto one silicon chip. -
Ted Hoff employed by Intel invented the microprocessor
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Apple II was sold to public
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IBM introduced its first home computer
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Apple introduced the Macintosh
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Mosaic Web Browser
mosaic was the first commercial software that allowed graphical access to content on the Internet. Designed by Eric Bina and Marc Andreessen at the University of Illinois's National Center for Supercomputer Applications. Mosaic was available for several operating systems such as Mac, Windows, and AmigaOS -
Pentium Microprocessor
The Pentium introduced several advances that made programs run faster, such as the ability to execute several instructions at the same time and support Graphics and Music -
Yahoo
Yahoo is founded by Stanford Graduate Students -
Apple introduced the iPhone
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Period: to
Fifth Generation
Had word processors that could be controlled by means of speech recognition. Some of things that could make the fifth generation possible: Parallel- processing, Speech recognition, Robotics, and Expert Systems and Natural Language
