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Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
"The ESEA initiated the role of the federal government in protecting and providing for students from disadvantaged backgrounds so that they would have equal access to the public education system. This event established the free and reduced lunch system to ensure basic needs of children were met. If a child is hungry, they will not benefit fully from instruction in the classroom (Bos, Schumm, Vaughn 2014.)" -
Vocational Rehabilitation Act (VRA)
"The VRA prevents any private organization that uses federal funds, or any local or state organization, from discriminating against persons with disabilities solely on the basis of the disability. It prohibits discrimination not only in public education, but also in the employment of persons with disabilities and in social and helath services. It provides greter access for opportunities in the workplace, community services, and colleges and universities (Bos, Schumm, Vaughn 2014.)" -
Educational Amendments Act
"This grants federal funds to states for programming for exceptional learners. It provides the first federal funding of state programs for students who are gifted and talented. The Educational Amendments Act grants students and families the right of due process in special education placement (Bos, Schumm, Vaughn 2014.)" -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA)
"The EAHCA was first defined as the least restrictive environment. It is known as the Mainstreaming Law and requires states to provide a free and appropriate public education for children with disabilities ages 5 to 18. It requres individualized education programs, IEPs. Teachers are required by law to develop an IEP for each student with special education needs (Bos, Schumm, Vaughn 2014.)" -
Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments
"The amendments require states to extend free and appropriate education to children with disabilities age 3 to 5. The amendments establish early intervention programs for toddlers with disablities birth to age 2. It also include services that help with transition planning and services for adolescents as the move from high school to postsecondary education, adult life, and the world of work. (Bos, Schumm, Vaughn 2014.)" -
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
"The ADA prohibits disccrimination against people with disablities in the private sector. It protects equal opportunity to employment and public services, accomodations, transportation, and telecommunications. The ADA defines disability to include people with AIDS (Bos, Schumm, Vaughn 2014.)" -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) 1990
"The IDEA of 1990 replaced the EAHCA, Education for all Handicapped Children Act of 1975. It established "people-first" language,extends special education services, and extends provisions for due process and confidentiality for students and parents. The IDEA adds autism and traumatic brain injury as categories of diability. It requires bilingual education programs, education for transition to employment, and development of individualized transition programs (Bos, Schumm, Vaughn 2014.)" -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) 1997
"The IDEA 1997 requires that all students with disabilities continue to receive services even if they have been expelled from school, that students with disabilities have access to general ed. curriculum, requires a gen. ed. teacher to be a part of the IEP team, and more. It allows states to exend their use of the developmental delay category, and spec. ed. staff who are working in mainstream classrooms to assist gen. ed. students when needed. (Bos, Schumm, Vaughn 2014.)" -
No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)
"The NCLB Act improves performance of elementary and secondary schools by increasing school, district, and state acoountability tfor all students. It provides more flexibility in how states use federal funds as long as standards of accountability are met. It offers school choice for students enrolled in failing schools and implrements early reading interventions (Bos, Schumm, Vaughn 2014.)" -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA)
"The IDEIA allows districts to use a response to intervention model for determining whether a child has a specific learning disability. It increases federal funds to provide early intervention services to students who do not need special education or related services. It eliminates use of short-term objectives in an IEP, raises standards for special education licensure, and adopts policies to prevent the disproportionate representation of minorities in spec. ed. (Bos, Schumm, Vaughn 2014.)"
