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May 21, 1527
Birth
He was born in the Palace of Pimentel (Valladolid) and was the son of Carlos I of Spain and Isabel of Portugal -
1539
Death of Isabel I of Portugal
His father withdrew for seven weeks to a monastery to mourn his death and sent his daughters to Arevalo to take them away from the court. She left Felipe in charge of the funeral of his mother in what would be his first public act of his alone. -
Period: 1543 to 1549
María Manuela of Portugal
Felipe II married with the Infanta María Manuela of Portugal in 1527; They had a son in 1545, this son was Carlos of Austria, who died at the age of 23 (1568). Felipe II's first wife died a few months after his first-born son was born. -
Period: 1554 to 1558
María Tudor
Mary Tudor (1516-1558) was Queen of England. Felipe II and she had no descendants. She probably died of an ovarian cyst or uterine cancer. -
1556
Felipe II ascends to the throne
In 1555, Carlos I fell ill and decided to divide the throne between his son and his brother. In October, the ceremony took place in which he presented Philip the Crown of the Netherlands. Thus began the reign of Felipe II. The following year, 1556, his father also gave him the Crowns of Aragon and Castile. This is how he became King of all Spanish territory, “where the sun never set.”On his side, his uncle, Fernando I of Habsburg, inherited the power that the Empire of Carlos had in Germany. -
1557
First bankruptcy in the Spanish palace
Felipe II was forced to proclaim the first bankruptcy of the Spanish coffers, a fact that was repeated third during his reign.The wars and the expenses entailed by an immense empire led Castile to bear heavy tax burdens, due to a serious crisis, after having reduced its important wool trade due to the conflict with the Netherlands, its main client. Income produced by the mines in Latin America accounted for 20% of the total state coffers -
Apr 23, 1557
Monasterio del Escorial
King Felipe II commissioned the construction of El Escorial to the Renaissance architect Juan Bautista de Toledo, who had been Michelangelo's assistant in the Basilica of Saint Peter in the Vatican. -
Period: Aug 10, 1557 to Aug 27, 1557
Battle of San Quentin
The battle of San Quintín was a battle fought in the framework of the Italian Wars between the troops of the Spanish empire and the French army, which took place on August 10, 1557, with a decisive victory for the kingdom of Spain. After the kingdom of Naples had been invaded in 1556 by the French troops of the Duke of Guise, Philip II ordered the imperial troops that were in the Spanish Netherlands to invade France. -
Period: 1558 to 1561
Repression of Protestant circles in Seville and Valladolid until 1561
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Sep 21, 1558
Death of Carlos I of Spain
He died of malaria after a month of agony and fever. To which was added gout, a disease that he also suffered acutely. -
Period: 1560 to 1568
Isabel of Valois
Isabel de Valois was Infanta of France. She had three daughters with Felipe II: Isabel Clara Eugenia of Austria, Catalina Micaela of Austria and Juana. Isabel de Valois died on October 3, 1568 in the delivery of her third daughter, Juana, she also died that day. -
1563
The Concilio of Trent is finished
The Council of Trent was summoned by Pope Paul III in 1545 and will end, after the passage of Popes Julius III, Marcelo II and Pius IV, in 1563.
It was where the "weapons" for the defense of the Catholic Church were created in order to stop the spread of Protestant ideas (reform). -
Jul 8, 1568
Death of Infante Don Carlos of Austria
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Period: 1569 to 1571
Alpujarras
The abundant Moorish population of the Kingdom of Granada took up arms in protest against the Pragmatic Sanction of 1567, which limited their cultural freedoms. When the royal power managed to defeat the rebels, it was decided to deport the surviving Moors to various points in the rest of the Crown of Castile. Apart from the deaths and expulsions, thousands were sold as slaves within Spain. In Córdoba in 1573 there were about 1500 Moorish slaves. -
Period: 1570 to 1580
Ana of Austria
Archduchess of Austria. She was the niece of Felipe II and his wife from 1570 to 1580. Four children were born from the marriage: Fernando, Carlos Lorenzo, Diego Félix, Felipe (the future Felipe III) and María. All, except for Felipe, died as children. Anne of Austria died of severe breast cancer. -
Oct 7, 1571
Battle of Lepanto
Turkish ships had been launching control of the western Mediterranean for years. The Italian and Spanish coasts were increasingly threatened and Malta was on the verge of being taken in 1565. Spain, Venice and the Papal States formed an alliance to confront the Turkish army and stop its advance. Thus the Holy League was constituted, which was placed under the command of Don Juan de Austria. After four hours of battle, the empire of Juan of Austria defeated the Turks. -
1575
Second bankruptcy
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1576
Antwerp uprising
The sack of Antwerp, known as the Spanish Fury in the Netherlands, Belgium and the United Kingdom, was an uprising by the soldiers of the Spanish thirds faithful to the Crown that took place between November 4 and November 7 from 1576. -
Sep 12, 1581
Annexation of portugal
The Portuguese crown was united to the Spanish one from 1581 to 1640. It was not many years, since the union lasted little more than half a century, but the consequences for Portugal were serious, especially for its colonial empire, which was greatly damaged by the union. -
The Spanish Armada
Armada Invincible of 1588 was a maritime military expedition projected by the Spanish monarch Felipe II to dethrone Isabel I and invade England. The attack took place in the context of the Anglo-Spanish war of 1585-1604.Armada Invincible or Grande y Felicísima Armada of 1588 was a maritime military expedition projected by the Spanish monarch Felipe II to dethrone Elizabeth I and invade England. The attack took place in the context of the Anglo-Spanish War of 1585-1604. -
El greco paints El Greco paints The Burial of the Count of Orgaz
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Monasterio del Escorial
The works of the monastery come to an end. -
Third Bankruptcy
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The importation of gold and silver from the Indies reaches its peak
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Death
He died in the Monastery of San Lorenzo del Escorial in Madrid, at the age of 71. His successor was Felipe III, a son he had previously with Ana of Austria in 1578.
