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Job Instructor Programs
This was established to support production output for the Allied Forces war effort. The focus was to teach front line supervisors how to instruct others (Estep, 2008). (Image retreived through Wikipedia, n.d) -
American Society of Training Directors (
The ASTD was formed during a meeting of the "American Petroleum Institute in New Orleans, Louisiana" (Estep, 2008, p.8). The fuction of the ASTD is to support those who develolp talent within an organization. (Image retreived through Wikipedia, 2016).
Image retreived through Wikipedia, 2007 -
Individualized Instruction
The teacher is replaced with material that has been divided into small steps that the larner can understand. It involves answering questions, drawing graphs, and solving problems. (Image retreived through Flickr, 2014). -
Bloom's Taxonmy of Educational Objectives
Benjamin Bloom surmised learning objectives in outcomes. They relate to the way an objective is written that determine the types of learning to occurr (Estep, 2008). (Image retreived through Wikipedia, 2012) -
Programmed Instruction
Programmed instruction used teaching machines to administer programmed instruction. (Image retreived through Wikipedia, 2010). -
Organization Development
This is a values based approach to changing systems. Its main purpose is to build the capacity to reach and maintain a new desired state that benefits the organization or community and the world around them (Estep, 2008). (Image retreived through Wikimedia Commons, 2006). -
Sociotechnical-systems theory
Trainers began to understand what this this theory meant for them. Organizations are composed of people using equipment and information to valued goods and services. (Image retreived through flickr, 2014). -
Social Movements
These movements encompassed feminism, environmentalism, and gay rights. They affected how trained occurred. This brought about sensitivty training. This type of training made attendees aware of group make up. (Image retreived through Pixaby, 2014). -
The Case Method
A case study is used to explore a topic (Estep, 2008). This theory helped predict employee behavior. (Image retreived through Pixabay, 2012). -
Adult Learning Theroies
Andragogy was realized and defines how adults learn. There are five principles that affect how adults learn. Also, constructivism states that learning is a process of putting together new knowledge. (Image retreived through Pixabay, 2014). -
Rise of Technology
Electronic workstations were introduced and changed how learning was designed, delivered, and managed (Estep, 2008). They opened new avenues for learning and help companies better position themelves with prospective employees. (Image retreived from Pixabay, 2015). -
HRD
The term Human Resource Development is developed. It is combind with training and development, organization development, and career development to improve individual, group, and organizational effectiveness (Estep, 2008). (Image retreived through Pixabay, 2016). -
Women Enter Training and Development field
Trainings began to emerge such as assertiveness training. Women made up 47% of ASTD's members (Estpe, 2008, p. 25). Image retreived through Wikimedia Commons, 2015). -
E Learning
E learning enabled learners to work at their own pace, get useful feedback, and repeat information until it is mastered. This also allowed learners to focus on areas they were not familar with. The inclusion of multimedia made e-learning more engaging and stimulating. (Image retreived through Flickr, 2014) (Image retreived through, Flickr, 2014). -
US Secretary of Labor
Robert Reich was elected the new Secretary of Labor. He was instrumental in job training and created the Office of Work Based Learning (Estep, 2008). Image retreived through Wikimedia Commons, 2006) -
Training and Development Goes Global
Companies in other conuntries began to realize how important training and develpment is to their companies. Also, the education field sees elearning and traditional classroom instruction as compliments to each other. (Image retreived from Pixabay, 2013). -
Web 2.0--Present
Web 2.0 provides a platform for employess around the world to collaborate. Also, systems referred to as knowlege management systems allow on the spot training (Estep, 2008). Behaviorism continues to have a strong influence on how learning is designed. Also measurement is becoming increasingly important.
(Image retreived through Wikimedia Commons, 2012).
Image retreived through Wikimedia Commons, 2012.
