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Friedrich Miescher
He was known for extracting DNA and discovered exciting results, which led to be one of the most important building blocks for the future. He found out how to isolate DNA from a cell and he experimented with white blood cells. -
Frederick Griffith
He discovered how to isolate S and R cells in mice and heat tested them. He found out that the heat killed the 5 cells. -
Barbara McClintock
She discovered that some genes could be mobile and mobile elements like transposon. The “jumping genes” could move along the chromosome to a different site, and these changes affect other genes. -
Oswald Avery, Maclyn McCarty & Colin McCleod
Their main goal was to figure out the transforming principle. They discovered this by first injecting proteins and lipids, which destroyed the 5 cell enzymes. They also learned that DNA changes the cell. -
Erwin Chargaff
He was known for his discovery that thymine and adenine are guanine with cytosine and equally proportional. He also found information that different species have different proportions of nucleotides. -
Alfred Hershey & Martha Chase
They discovered that DNA transmits a full complement of genetic information and satisfies the first property of hereditary. They discovered this by injecting a virus into a bacteria cell. -
Rosalind Franklin & Maurice Wilkins
They were able to crystallize and examine a DNA molecule with an x-ray. Watson and Crick used this research and Photo 51 to build the DNA molecule . -
Linus Pauling
He discovered the alpha-helix and the beta-sheet in a DNA molecule. This new information was the backbone of many proteins. He made these interesting discoveries through chemistry. -
James Watson & Frances Crick
These scientists discovered the double-helix structure of a DNA molecule. The structure is made up of two long spiral DNA strands, both containing monomer nucleotides. -
Matthew Meselson & Franklin Stahl
They discovered the semi-conservative replication of DNA; when each strand of DNA makes a template to create a new complementary strand. He used the E.coli bacteria to make this discovery. -
Paul Berg
He discovered gene-splicing experiments; when DNA from two organisms combine. These experiments resulted in the first human-made recombinant DNA. Berg used bacteria viruses for his experiments. -
Frederick Sanger
He discovered the plus and minus method for rapid DNA sequencing. DNA was used and synthesized from templates to make sets of DNA molecules. Frederick tested this system by using most of the DNA sequence of bacteriophage X174 -
Kary Mullis
He discovered the DNA polymerase chain reaction. The technique allows a specific stretch of DNA to be copied billions of times in only a couple of hours. This reaction uses the DNA segment to be copied, two oligonucleotide primers, nucleotides, and the DNA polymerase enzyme. Mullis worked with DNA molecules, bacteria, and viruses. -
J. Craig Venter
He found out a quick technique to identify genes. This technique sequenced flags, DNA segments in expressed genes to identify unknown genes in other organisms or cells. The element was also used to identify thousands of human genes. This way was used to determine the gene responsible for a specific colon cancer.
