-
Birth
Our baby is born! -
Period: to
Cognitive Development: Sensorimotor
The infant explores their world through the senses. Object permanence and separation anxiety develop in this stage -
Development at 2 Months
Social: The infant begins to smile at others, turn their head towards parents, and is able to calm herself. Language: The infant turns her head towards sounds, and is able to make gurgling/cooing noises Cognitive: The infant follows faces and recognizes people at a distance Physical Development: Movements are smoother, and the infant begins to push upwards when lying on their stomach -
Development at 4 Months
Social: The baby likes to play with people, and begins to mimic movements and facial expressions Language: Begins to babble with expression, and cries in different ways to show meaning Cognitive: Develops hand eye coordination, and the ability to recognize others, express emotions, and follow moving objects Physical: Can hold their head steady, roll onto their back, and hold/shake a toy -
Development at 6 Months
Social: The baby likes to play with others, is able to recognize the emotions of others, and enjoys looking at themselves in the mirror Language: The baby responds to sounds with sound, strings vowel noises together, and responds to their name Cognitive: Is curious about things out of reach (develops wants), explores nearby things, and brings objects to their mouth Physical: Can sit without support, and may bounce if supported on their legs -
Development at 9 Months
Social: The baby begins to show fear towards strangers, be clingy towards certain adults, and has favorite toys Language:The baby understands "no", makes lots of noises, copies noises made by others, and asks for words by pointing Cognitive: The baby develops dexterity in their hands/fingers, watches the path of falling objects, and looks for hidden things Physical: The baby pulls themselves up to a standing position, and crawls a lot -
Development at 1 Year
Social: The child knows how to get attention from others, shows fear in some situations, and may hand you a book when they want to hear a story Language: The child changes tone when speaking, uses simple gestures, and may make exclamations like "uh-oh" and "mama" Cognitive: The child is able to find hidden objects easily, can follow simple directions, and starts to use things with their intended purposes Physical: May take a few steps without assistance, or walk proficiently -
Development at 18 Months
Social: Plays "pretend", may have temper tantrums, and clings to caregivers Language: Says several single words, and uses no while shaking their head Cognitive: Scribbles on her own, knows what objects are for, and can point to a singe body part Physical: Walks alone, eats with a cup and spoon, and may help to undress herself -
Development at 2 Years
Social: Gets excited around other children, shows defiant behavior, and shows more independence Language: Can say sentences of 2-4 words, point to named objects, and repeat words overheard in conversation Cognitive: Can complete sentences and rhymes, develops a preference for handedness, and can follow two-sequence commands Physical: Can stand on tiptoe, kick and throw a ball, walk up and down stairs, and draw lines or circles -
Period: to
Cognitive Development: Pre-Operational
The child uses symbols for objects, but does not reason logically, and plays "pretend". Also, the child tends to be egocentric. -
Development at 3 Years
Social: Shows affection to friends, understands ownership, shows a wide range of emotion, separates easily from caregivers, and shows concern for crying friends Language: Can name most familiar things, says "I", "We", and "you", carries on 2-3 sentences in a conversation, and can be understood by strangers Cognitive: Understands what "two" means, builds tall towers, screws jars, and can do puzzles with 3-4 pieces Physical: Climbs and runs well, and can learn to ride a tricycle -
Period: to
Moral Reasoning: Preconventional
Makes moral decisions based on the opportunity for reward and the avoidance of punishment. -
Development at 4 Years
Social: Enjoys new experiences, can cooperate with others, and can state their interests in conversation Language: Knows basic grammar rules, tells stories, and can say her first and last name Cognitive: Understands counting and time, can remember and predict events, and can name various colors or numbers Physical: Hops or stands on one foot, catches a bounced ball, and can pour liquid and cut/mash food -
Development at 5 years
Social: Wants to be friendly, agrees with rules, is aware of gender, and is progressively independent Language: Can speak clearly and use the future tense Cognitive: Can count 10 things, print letters, numbers and geometric shapes, and knows about things used everyday: money, food, etc Physical: Can use the toilet, eats with a fork and spoon, can climb and swing, and may be able to skip -
Social Development: Competence
The child begins to apply themselves to tasks in order to become proficient -
Period: to
Cognitive Development: Concrete Operational
The child can think logically about concrete objects, and is able to add/subtract. They can also understand conversation. -
Period: to
Moral Reasoning: Conventional
Makes moral decisions based on their feeling of belonging/acceptance and the rules of their society -
Period: to
Puberty Begins!
The child will begin to develop adult characteristics, such as body hair for males, or breasts for females -
Social Development: Identity
The child begins to refine their sense of self by testing roles, and integrating these experiences into a concrete image of themselves -
Cognitive Development: Formal Operational
The adolescent begins to reason abstractly and in hypothetical terms