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Jim Crow laws
Jim Crow laws are laws enforcing segregation and discrimination against African Americans. These laws began in 1864 and ended in 1965. The law enforced seperation between blacks and whites in any public facilities, schools, bathroom, work, housing, and even water fountains. This law leads to a big push towards equal rights for African American men and women. Jim Crow laws lead to every event through this time line. These laws help create a push towards actual freedom and fair life’s between both -
Tulsa massacre Pt2
the reason this helps push the movement forward is because it shows the violence and unfairness of court trials and how they are treated overall is not considered “free” because they still didn't have similar opportunities. -
Tulsa massacre
The Tulsa massacre was a huge killing of thousands of African Americans in Tulsa Oklahoma. Tulsa was a very black town they also had higher opportunity than other towns in the south. For example they had their own businesses and had a lot more money compared to other towns It all started because a white American blamed an African American of rape. He was then lynched and soon after many white men and women burned blacks housing and businesses. The Tulsa massacre helps the movement push forward. -
brown V.S board of education
The segregation of public education which was passed through plessy Vs furgeison. Which established “separate but equal” this meant blacks and whites attended different schools. Usually black schools were poorly funded. Later group of parents led by Oliver brown filed a lawsuit against the board of education challenging the constitutionality of racial segregation in schools this helped with desegregation movements and led to the Little Rock nine. -
Racial education difference
This graph is showing the I
Difference between races in America what % go for 4-w years of school -
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Bus boycott
The bus boycott was caused due to Rosa parks arrest on the bus because she refused to get up for a white male. This sparked anger within the African American community causing them to stop using the transportation and finding different ways to get to work ex walking, car pool, and organized any other ways. This protest went on for a year which then ended in the government marking it unconstitutional to segregate buses. -
Little Rock nine
The Little Rock nine is a change that happened due to the brown vs board of education movement which made schools desegregated.the Little Rock nine was the Arkansas's governor Orval Faunus tried to stop 9 students from entering the school by sending Arkansas troops in to stop them but the president reacted by sending federal troops the students faced many threats and harassment by teachers and students. -
Sit-in movement
Sit in movements were actions done by many young African Americans. They would go into restaurants and lunch counters and they would sit in the white seats and wouldn’t move until served equally or arrested. These were started by 4 college students in Greensboro. This also led to the formation of student nonviolent coordinating committee. (SNNC) -
Map of sit ins in southern states
This map is showing the sit ins and where they were located. This maps locations are in bigger cities. I believe that this helped to add more impact on people. -
Freedom riders
Freedom riders were groups of civil rights activists who rode interstate buses into the segregated south. They did this to challenge the segregation in the public transportation. The reason of this was because the transportation in the south had ignored the laws that went against the segregation in transportation. The were a mix of black and white activists mostly young members of the CORE and of the SNCC. Many of them faced brutal violence and arrests this impacted interstate commerce commision -
March on Washington
The march on Washington was a march of 250,000 people led to fight for civil rights and racial equality and to end segregation nationwide and for fair employment and decent wages as well as voting rights. As well as MLK presenting is nation famous speech “I have a dream” at the Lincoln memorial steps. This speech as well as march helped light the spark to end segregation nationwide and equality. -
16th street Baptist church bombing
A racially motivated action done by members of the KKK where they planted a bomb at the 16th street Baptist church killing 4 young girls that were all African Americans then injuring 20+ others. This church was often used as a meeting place for civil right movements. Although the members were soon identified nobody was prosecuted until 3 years after the event. This event helped the momentum of the civil rights movement proceed. -
Civil rights act
Was a law that aimed to end all racial, sex,religion segregation nationwide wide this was the most significant achievement of the civil rights movement. This event was caused due to every event before this for example march on Washington, lil rock nine, Rosa parks, Jim Crow laws etc. -
Freedom summer
A campaign during the civil rights movement in summer of 1964 the goal was to increase the black voter registration and political participation in Mississippi. This event was organized by SNCC this evening helps bring national attention to racial injustice even after the law is passed -
Montgomery marches
The Montgomery marches are 3 sets of marches done to fright for colored voting rights. The first march was 3/7/65 and was a march to selma to Montgomery. 600 protesters went and faced brutal attacks from state troper and sheriffs at the Edmund Pettus bridge. The 2nd march was ended early due to MLK wanting to avoid attacks later that night James reed was beaten and later died. Drawing national outrage. 3rd march was 3/21-25/65 and was accompanied by federal protection marched for 5 days. -
Montgomery marches pt2
as the 5 five days went on the amount of people few from 3,200-25,000 where MLK gave another powerful speech at Alabama state capitol. These marches led straight to the voting rights act of 1965 which outlawed discriminatory voting practices. -
Watts riots
Protests that went on from august 11-17th in watts neighborhood CA. Causes were racial discrimination as well as police brutality began after Marquette Frye was pulled over for drunk driving. The confrontation escalated rapidly rumors spread that the police had beaten Frye and his mother. Over six days protests turned violent rioters clashed with police and national guards. There was looting arson and destruction. -
Voting rights act
A law signed in by president Lyndon B Johnson on august 9th 1965 in response to widespread racial discrimination towards voting specifically in the south. They banned literacy tests and discriminatory practices. Immediate effects was higher registration of black American voters. -
Impact of voting act of 1965
The im t of the voting act being passed is big this graph is showing that black voters were under 40% before the voting act is passed but after it’s based they are over 40% in the states listed compared to white voters -
Black power movement
Political and social movement in the 60s and 70s that pushed towards racial pride, economic empowerment, and self determination for African Americans. They did this in response to racism, economic oppression, and frustration with the slow progress of the civil rights movement. Gained popularity through stockily Carmichael during a speech in Greenwood’s Mississippi. -
Voting rights extended
Voting rights act of 65 was extended by president Nixon on June 22nd and aimed to further protect voting rights and expand the ballot. He lowered the voting age from 21-18 this was argued because soldiers from Vietnam argued if they can be drafter they can vote. Extended voting rights act protection 5 more years. -
LA riots
Series of violent protests lasting april 29th-may 4th the riots started because 4 LAPD officers who had brutally beat Rodney king an unarmed black male on camera. A jury acquitted the four police officers of excessive force charges the verdict started widespread anger because the beating was on video and clear evidence. In the riots there was looting, arson and violence. -
Hate crime preventions
The hate crime preventions law increased penalty if the crime was committed due to victims race, religion, ethnicity, gender, disability or sexual orientation. Helped with inclusion of gender and disability protections. -
Barack Obama
Barack Obama was the first African American to serve as the president. His key achievements as president were affordable care act- expanded healthcare access to millions, economic recovery- led us out of the 2008 financial crisis. Killed osama bin Laden- oversaw the mission the eliminated the leader of al Qaeda. LGBTQ rights supported same sex marriage leading to the nation wide legalization in 2015. Before presidency he continued voting rights and racial injustices. -
George Floyd
A black male in Minneapolis on may 25 2020 was arrested on suspicion of using a counterfeit $20 bill at a store. One of the officers had pinned him down for 9 minutes with his knee white George Floyd repeatedly spoke it saying he couldn’t breathe. The officer continued pinning him down ignoring his plead until left unresponsive. The incident was filmed by bystanders and was quickly spread around the world. This event sparked many protests