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Military career with the Spanish
Jose served for the Spanish navy at age 19 and fought against the British. France invaded Spain and Jose fought against France eventually rising to Adjutant-General. He then defected and joined the Insurgents in South America. -
San Martin Joins the Rebels
San Martín boarded a ship in Cadiz thinking he was going to return to Argentina and joining the Independence movement there. He arrived in Argentina a year later and was questioned with suspicion by the leaders. He soon showed his loyalty and ability. -
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San Martin reaches Argentina, many battles occur between Manuel Belgrano of Buenos Aires and Royalist Groups.
Manuel Belgrano used to be a lawyer then joined the Creole Militia in 1806. He then gains success against some royalist troops that he defeated in the foothills of the Andes. His success doesn’t last long as he is defeated in Bolivia in 1813, and is replaced by San Martin. This then leads San Martin to believe that Latin America will never gain their independence until Peru is conquered because they are gaining money, and overall strength as a country. -
Simon Bolivar returns to Venezuela and and wins six battles against Spanish forces.
He then plans to kick the Spaniards out of the country to prevent rebellions which already occur, takes political control of the country, and becomes a dictatorial power with his powerful drive and aspiration for success. -
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The Spanish comeback
Bogota succeeds in recapturing the Spanish. He also makes the capital city his base for a short while. The Spanish soon recover the capital city again. After the base is recovered by the Spanish, Bolivar then flees into exile in the territory of Jamaica and Haiti. By the end of 1817, he has returned to Venezuela. In venezuela, Bolivar is building a new army in a region on the Orinoco river that isn’t accessible for outsiders. -
Battle of Maipu
San Martín believed that the Spanish needed to be removed from Peru for Chile and Argentina to be free. Spanish forces joined with reinforcements and were threatening Santiago which sent San Martín back to the Andes. He fought the Spanish in the Battle of Maipu where the Patriots crushed the spanish army. Spain would never threaten that area again after the battle. -
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Chile and the Spanish Army battle for Peru.
Thomas Cochrane (Chile) The Spanish army is almost double the size of Chile’s which consists of seven ships and range from 50 to 14 guns. Cochrane then attacks the ports nearby Peru, otherwise known as the Peruvian fleet. As Cochrane’s army arrives in Lima, 650 locals changed sides to join the rebellions. This then allows San Martin to hold off of capturing the capital city, while he awaits Spain overtaking. -
Spanish Army surrenders
Three days after the Spanish Army surrenders, Bolivar enters Bogota. On the date of December 17th, 1819, Republica de Colombia was proclaimed. It resulted in covering the entire modern region of Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela. -
Bolívar's force uses cowhide boats to cross a succession of flooded tributaries and develop an army in an inaccessible area which is known as Orinoco.
His force only contains about 2500 people. One of his men said they were walking in water up to their waist for seven days. This development in the region that is inaccessible helps Spanish forces gain power without setbacks. Spain later surrenders and three days later Bolívar enters Bogotá. -
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Latin America is declared for Liberty
After Mexico and Guatemala gained independence in 1821, then Peru gained some after and used some of the same conditions and documents.
