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20 BCE
Lamarck develops Hypothesis of evolution by means of acquired characteristics
Lamarck's hypotheis was based upon evolution. It concludes that a persons environment depicts what the off-springs life is going to be like, and what passes down with the off-spring. The organisms change, based on what they need.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3730912/ -
16
Aristotle describes life with the Scala Naturae
Aristotle was a Greek philosopher came up with the theory of the Scala Naturae, stood for the natural ladder. In other words it represents the single form of matter. It is meant for advancement and value. Christianity was the outcome of this matter, it added spiritualism into Christians and gave them the belief of a purpose in the world. This ideal was then ruined with Darwin's theory of evolution.
https://www.huffingtonpost.com/lori-marino-phd/the-scala-naturae-is-aliv_b_4719171.html -
The Germ Theory of Disease is published
The germ theory was tested with silk worms. The bacteria in which was produced to them affected on what would happen to the worm. The germs revolving the worm was determined by the sterilisation. The disease can be transmitted by humans by the germs that we retrieve from the environment.
http://www.animalresearch.info/en/medical-advances/timeline/germ-theory-of-disease/ -
The Voyage of the HMS Beagle
This was a quest in which Darwin and Fitzroy went on a journey through the pacific ocean. Through this journey Darwin discovered the theory of the 'shell layer' in which you were able to see how the world was changing throughout the years.
https://www.aboutdarwin.com/voyage/voyage03.html -
Alfred Russel Wallace published ideas of evolutionary processes
Alfred was actually the one who had discovered the theory of 'natural selection' although Darwin takes all the credit for it. The conclusion about Natural Selection was collected by an array of insects, birds, and animal specimen that led him to his idea. Also to the idea of 'survival of the fittest', which the term came to be by the mechanism that is made up of evolutionary change.
https://www.npr.org/2013/04/30/177781424/he-helped-discover-evolution-and-then-became-extinct -
Louis Pasteur refutes spontaneous generation
Louis experiment is meant for people to practice microbiology. An experiment was made with two sterilized flasks. One exposed the nutrients within the them to the air, while the other were left alone. With that being said if there is no dust, then there is no life ahead.
http://www.pasteurbrewing.com/louis-pasteur-experiment-refute-spontaneous-generation/ -
The Origin of species by means of Natural Selection is published
Charles Darwin was the one to create an explanation of the idea of Natural Selection. Which was the theory that all small species came from the ideal that they would increase one's ability to compete, survive, and reproduce.Because the theory opposes to the Christianity religion he was cautious of when and how he stated his theory in public.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/origin-of-species-is-published-2 -
Gregor Mendel publishes works on inheritance of traits in pea plants
Gregor Mendel created the observation on pea plants. Which is where the theory of inheritance came to be. Where the off-spring receives its characteristics from either the mom or the dad. To what has been passed down to them, by the genes that they have. Classifying whether some traits are dominant or recessive and looking at what parent has the strongest genes.
https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/gregor-mendel-and-the-principles-of-inheritance-593 -
Jacques Cousteau develops SCUBA
This was the time when a valve system was invented for people to go in the ocean and look at the sea animals, while still having oxygen running within them. Because of Jacques words, "The sea, once it casts its spell, holds one in its net of wonder forever". People now know what it's like to have a wonderful outlook on the world under the ocean, and to see how infinite the ground is.
http://www2.padi.com/blog/2014/01/27/jacques-cousteau-the-father-of-scuba-diving/ -
The Innocence Project is founded
The innocence project was founded for the innocent who are wrongly claimed guilty. even those who still seem to be incarcerated. Also the system who is crucially punishing these people should pay for the consequences for what they are doing to these innocent people.
https://www.innocenceproject.org/about/ -
Avery, MacLoed and McCarty determine that DNA is the molecule that carries the genetic code
DNA causes bacterial transformation. At this time they believed protein carried genetic information, but in reality it was really just DNA.
https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/discovery-of-the-function-of-dna-resulted-6494318 -
Ensatina described as a ring species
The Ensatina species are made up of different colors and patterns. They were observed based on the way they look, instead of what they did in the environment that they lived in. The ring is a representation on how these type of species are blended with other characteristics.
https://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/0_0_0/devitt_02 -
Miller-Urey experiments
Urey was trying to classify the chemicals that are based on the atmosphere of the earth. His experiment was based on methane, ammonia, hydrogen, and water. This theory is the result of the explanation to the components that make up earth.
http://www.truthinscience.org.uk/content.cfm?id=3161 -
Hershey-Chase experiments are published
This experiment was based that DNA was the carrier of genetics being passed down to off-springs. Hershey believed that DNA was not the only thing that transferred genetics. He also believed that proteins have a big impact on passing down genes.He then experiments that proteins are involved within humans, but DNA is the main factor that passes genes down to the off-springs.
https://paulingblog.wordpress.com/2009/08/18/the-hershey-chase-blender-experiments/ -
Watson and Crick propose the double helix model of DNA structure
The DNA double helix strand was classified as the 'secret of life'. It was the discovery on how organisms were being held inside to pass down generation from generation. Not only that, but also the ability to find the remains of humans.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/watson-and-crick-discover-chemical-structure-of-dna -
Apollo 11 lands on the moon
Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin were the first people to have walked on the moon. It took a lot of preparation for the astronauts to complete their quest. Such as eating and sleeping at a certain time.They were there to retrieve samples of the lunar earth, as well as to see if humans were actually able to walk on the moon. So they had achieved their mission.
https://airandspace.si.edu/explore-and-learn/topics/apollo/apollo-program/landing-missions/apollo11.cfm -
The Sanger Technique is developed
This technique was used to help out in crime scenes. Because of the crime scene that is present in the articlle, it shows how the evolving of technology has helped within time. The more technology there is, the more people have of capturing the guilty and the more proof they have of accusing them.
https://www.nytimes.com/1988/02/06/us/rapist-convicted-on-dna-match.html -
Australopithicus afarensis nicknamed “lucy” fossil discovered
Lucy is one of the oldest specie that was ever created. She grew tremndously quick over time, it was unusual compared to how fast humans grow. She lived both in tress and on the ground that made her live for millions of years, with her two legs that walked upright.
http://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/human-fossils/species/australopithecus-afarensis -
Period: to
Reproductive isolation as a consequence of adaptive divergence in Drosophila pseudoobscrura
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Sahelanthropus tchadensis fossil discovered
This specie is one of the oldest in the family line.It represented Darwin's theory of humans originating from apes. This specie is a combination of both ape and human. Studies have shown that this specie had the trait of a human, by walking with two feet. If this specie was shown to a baby, the baby would've been afraid due to its long face and having a small brain.
http://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/human-fossils/species/sahelanthropus-tchadensis -
Human genome is fully sequenced
A genome is the organism of the DNA, the DNA strand is what these genomes reflect on. In a DNA the genome has been fully sequenced, which means that the human chromosomes were classified into base pairs depending on the number of chromosomes. This was used to help form the human genetic code.
https://www.genome.gov/11006943/human-genome-project-completion-frequently-asked-questions/
