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Frederick Miescher
Isolated “Nuclein” in DNA with associated proteins from cell nuclei. He was the first to discover DNA as a distinct molecule. He choose leucocytes as his source of material when he first looked at the proteins in these cells. He noticed during his experiments that their was unexpected properties that did not match the proteins he thought. He obtained the first crude purification of DNA. This involved DNA. -
Thomas Morgan Hunt
He is most known for white-eyed mutation in the fruit fly. Future discoveries of genetics and chromosomal inheritance came from his lab through the research of fruit flies.He started his experiment in 1907 with the breeding of common fruit flies. He thought that eye color associated with the gender of the fly which had physical and mechanistic basis in the chromosomes. Connected the facts that genes are on chromosomes. This is involved biotechnology. -
Alfred Sturtevant
Albert constructed the first genetic map of chromosomes. It was a chromosome with genes. It was the idea of gene linkage. He realized that genes were linked in a series. This was involved with genetic and biotechnology. -
Frederick Griffith
He discovered the Transforming Principle in bacteria. His first experiment said that bacteria had the capability of transferring genetic information through a process known as transformation. This was involved in bacteria. This involved biotechnology. -
Harriet Creighton and Barbara
They showed that recombination of genes linked on a chromosomes needs a physical exchange between the segment of chromosomes. This involves Biotechnology. -
Oswald Avery (and MacLeod and McCarthy)
He is best known for isolating DNA as the material of which genes and chromosomes are made. He did a series of experiments using strains of Pneumococcus bacteria, which caused pneumonia. He realized that Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) plays a central role in determining specific characteristics in the course of reproduction. This inovled DNA and biotechnology. -
Erwin Chargaff
Discovered the rules that in DNA the number of Guanine units equals the number of cytosine units, and the number of adenine units equals the number of thymine units. Help the the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA His observation were made that DNA is different from species to species. His identification of 1:1 ratios in DNA based helped James Watson and Francis Crick see that these rations created the double helix and how DNA acts as like a template for copies of each other. -
Al Hershey and Martha Chase
The two discovered that genetic material is found in DNA. They injected chemical tracers that resembled proteins and DNA into a type of reproducing virus called T2. In the conclusion of their work, they found that DNA and not protein was involved with genetics. -
James Watson and Fraces Crick
They discovered the DNA structure which discovered the double helix, the twisted-ladder structure of deoxyribonucleic acid which is better known as DNA. It was a rise in modern Molecular biology; the understanding how genes control the chemical processes within cells. It would help with the development new scientific techniques, recombinant DNA research, genetic engineering, rapid gene sequencing and monoclonal antibodies which are used today in the industry. It was a breakthrough for Genetics -
Rosalind Franklin
She was considered a contributed to the discovery of DNA molecule shaped like a twisted ladder. She had created the Photo 51 that had the double Helix. It was the last bit of information that Watson and Crick needed to complete a model of the structure of a DNA. Article was published under the name James Watson and it was a breakthrough for genetics. -
Joe Hin Tjio
He established that the majority of human cells contain 46 chromosomes which are arranged into 23 pairs. He discovered techniques to separate chromosomes from the nucleus of a cell.
He helped establish modern cytogenetics which is the study of relationship between structure and activities of chromosomes and heredity.
(Actual date is unknwon) -
Meselson and Stahl
The Meselson-Stahl experiment was an experiment that supported the hypothesis that DNA replication was semi conservative.Three models of how organisms might replicate their DNA: Semi-conservative, Conservative and dispersive. Meselson and Stahl confirmed that DNA is replicated sem-conservatively. This was a breakthrough in genetics -
Gregor Mendel
He discovered the fundamental law of inheritance. They call him the father of genetics. He realized that genes come in pairs and are inherited as distinct units. He realized that you get a pair from each parent. He also followed the segregation of parental genes and how their are dominant and recessive traits. This is helped in genetics. -
Herb Boyer
He discovered Recombinant DNA engineering in medicine and pharmacology, industry and agriculture. He discovered living organism able to serve as carriers for genes from other organism
His demonstrations led to further advances in molecular genetics and biochemistry. He used plasmid from other species of bacteria.
Boyer introduced genes from a toad into bacteria, demonstrating that these genes were active in generation after generation. -
Alec Jeffreys
He developed techniques for DNA fingerprinting and DNA profiling. His work now helps forensic sciences. He was one of the first to discover inherited variation in human DNA. This was an improvement in biotechnology. -
Ian Wilmut
He is best known for successfully cloning a sheep born named Dolly. His cloning leads to other clonings later on in his life.
One of these clonings led him to realize that in order to make an already differentiated cell behave like an embryonic cell. This is biotechnology and genetics. -
J. Craig Venter
He is known for the first to sequence the human genome along with the first to transfect a cell with a synthetic genome. His researched help in biotechnology and genetics.
